SU80520A1 - Tree Netting - Google Patents

Description

The subject of the invention is a wooden netting-arch, the peculiarity of which is that its elements are made up of boards, layered in several layers, with a gap of seams and bent in accordance with the curvature of the roof.

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the mesh vault in cross section; in fig. 2 - grid of a vault with square cells in the plan; in fig. 3- grid vault with rhombic cells in the plan; in fig. 4-arch construction in plan; Fig. 5-7, the structure of the nodes of the net vault; in fig. 8 - the structure of the arch support; in fig. 9-12 is a detail of the interface between the arch and the end arch.

The net vault consists of a number of multi-layered arches 1 and 2, interlocking. they intersect each other at an angle (B from 30 to 90, curved in accordance with the curvature of the arches.

in cross section, the vault has a circular outline. Such arches can be n-overlapping spans / up to 40 g and above.

The thickness of the vault or the height of the cross. the main section of the arch of the arch takes- /

with at least

100

Each arch of the vault consists of standard bar-like elements or planks laid -plashm and fastened together with nails or glue (Fig. 6 and 7).

In the arch nodes of each arch, only half of the elements pass through the crown (Figs. 5-7), and half of the elements only reach the knot and abut against the side faces of the elements passing through the node from the other arch. Each node is interweaving elements of the arches.

Each arch (arch of the arch) and the whole arch as a whole are made of separate standard elements, representing segments up to. juice or bars.

Depending on the carrying capacity of the vault, the thickness of the elements is taken from 3 to 5 cm. The width of the element is taken from 6 to 18 cm. The length of the element is equal to / 25-Ь, where S is the distance between the axes of the arches of the vault and b is the width of the element of the vault (Fig. 4). At the intersections of the arches, a 12 mm diameter fastening bolt is placed, for which corresponding holes 5 are made in the arches.

In the arch supports of the arch, the arch abuts against the mauerlat, in which special

479

support sockets (Fig. 8). The supporting ends of the archs of the vault are attached to the main bars by means of metal plates 6 and bolts 7. The arch of the vault can be closed and supported either by the end wall of the building or by the special end arch.

The mating part with the arch with the end arch 4 is shown in FIG. 9-12. In the arches of relatively small spans, the strut of the end elements of the arch can be perceived by the longitudinal roofing that is sewn directly to the arches of the arch, and in the more powerful arches of large spans the forces from the longitudinal span of the arch are perceived by special runs 3 laid along the arch. The mating detail of the girders with an end arch and with arch nodes is shown in FIG. 10-12. Each run is made of two planks (Fig. 12), covering the intermediate and end nodes of the vault on both sides.

The transversal arch is perceived either by Metallic inlays S, or directly by the supports.

The vault grid consists of individual cells, the magnitude of which depends on the pitch between the nodes of the vault 2 / in the longitudinal direction and on the pitch between the nodes of the vault 2G in the transverse direction (Fig. 2 and 3).

The values of 2C and 2C for arches with a span of up to 20 m are advisable to designate within the limits from 100 to 150 cm.

In vaults with large spans, and in cases where the longitudinal thrust is perceived by special runs, the values of 2C and 2C can be taken as more than 150 cm.

Each branch and the entire arch in a chain is mounted in such a way that the standard elements-bars or rails of one layer of the branch are arched and placed in a run in relation to the bars or rails of other adjacent layers. This ensures the overlap of the joints of standard elements, the mutual equal-strength interlacing of the layers of branches in the nodes of the arch and allows

480

distribute the nodal moments and normal compressive forces equally between all elements that converge at the nodes of the arch.

In order to manufacture a curved circular-mesh vault, it is necessary to prepare in advance standard elements-trimming boards or cubes of a relatively short length. All standard elements have the same shape, but are divided in length into several groups, the number of which is equal to the number of layers in one branch of the arch of the vault. The first group of standard elements is required for the lower, first, layers of the arches of the vault.

The second group of standard elements is laid on the second layer of the ARS of the vault, etc.

The installation of the arches of the vault at the supports and at the places adjacent to the gables can be made from standard elements of any group with trimming of one end of these elements according to the templates at the site of the construction of the vault.

The erection of the arch must be carried out on mobile circles in parts by mi-sections. The length of the section along the arch axis is assigned to not less than 6 liters, and the length of the traveling circle should be taken not less than 7 m.

The top of the movable circle should have a solid lining with a radius of curvature equal to the radius of curvature of the lower surface of the vault.

Longitudinal and transverse axes of the grid of nodes of the arch are outlined on the surface of the continuous flooring. Then, using thin and flexible, slats with a width equal to the width of the arches of the vault, the laying lines TtepBoro of the layer of branches (arches) of the vault are marked.

Racks of mobile scaffolding must be designed with the possibility of raising and lowering the top circling.

All operations for the construction of a vault, in which the stratified fastening of elements is carried out on a nail, are carried out in the following order:

1. Billets are laid down with precisely marked 1and and washed down bearing sockets.

2. The intake and temporary opening. flattened arches. In these arches, it is necessary to provide in the right places nests for interfacing the arch with the elements of the arch.

3. Install movable wheels.

4. The first layers of the arches of the vault of standard elements are laid, which, when laid, are lightly attached to the flooring and circling Th. tyrm nails These nails are hammered into the element obliquely from the side so that they can later be easily removed.

5. On the first layer, the second and third layers of the arches of the vault are stacked and, in general, the three layers are pierced with the desired number of nails.

6. In the future, all the other layers of the arches of the vault are also stacked, and each package of at least three layers of the boards is also stitched with a calculated number of nails.

7. When the first part of the arch, which is up to 6 liters in length, is fully assembled, the nails, hammered from the side in the first layer of arches, are removed, the upper part is swirled, laid in knots | vaults (if provided by the project), and all this together at each node of the vault is bolted.

8. After all these operations, the circles are moved to a new section, and In the same order, the installation of a new section of the vault begins.

Subject invention

A wooden netting, in which elements of one direction are adjacent to the side edges of elements of another direction, characterized in that it is ale. The cops are made up of boards, cohesive in several layers, with the gap of seams and curved in accordance with the curvature of the vault.

G;

31 So. Release 12. 1949

481

FIG 4

FIG. 9

FIG. iO

FIG. II