SU801325A1

SU801325A1 - Non-consumable cylindrical electrode for melting metals and alloys

Info

Publication number: SU801325A1
Application number: SU772469557A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Борис Евгеньевич Патон; Юрий Вадимович Латаш; Георгий Михайлович Григоренко; Юрий Владимирович Лисовой; Виктор Владимирович Степаненко; Григорий Багратович Асоянц
Original assignee: Ордена Ленина И Ордена Трудового Крас-Ного Знамени Институт Электросваркиим.E.O.Патона Ah Украинской Ccp
Priority date: 1977-04-01
Filing date: 1977-04-01
Publication date: 1981-01-30

Description

Изобретение относитс к специальной металлургии и предназначено дл использовани в гарнисажных печах с керамическим тиглем и водоохлаждаемым кристаллизатором дл плавки высокореакционных металлов и сплавов, например Ti, Mo,W,Zr и др.The invention relates to special metallurgy and is intended for use in skullcaps with a ceramic crucible and a water-cooled crystallizer for melting highly reactive metals and alloys, such as Ti, Mo, W, Zr, etc.

Известны нepacxoдye 1нe цилиндричекие электроды дл i тавки металлов и сплавов, содержащие водоохлаждаемый корпус, прикрепленный к нему медный наконечник, в котором размещен соленоид 1 и 2.There are known non-cylindrical electrodes for i metals and alloys containing a water-cooled body, a copper tip attached to it, in which solenoid 1 and 2 are placed.

Недостатком этой конструкции вл етс низкий ресурс работы электрода и недостаточна стабильность электрических параметров дуги.The disadvantage of this design is the low life of the electrode and the insufficient stability of the electrical parameters of the arc.

Цель изобретени - повышение ресурса работы электрода и стабилизаци электрических параметров дуги.The purpose of the invention is to increase the service life of the electrode and stabilize the electrical parameters of the arc.

Цель достигаетс тем, что рабоча поверхность наконечника выполнена выпуклой, в виде тела вращени , симметричного относительно продольной оси электрода, а нижний торец соленоида установлен на рассто нии отнижнего торца наконечника не менее половины его диаметра и не более его высоты.The goal is achieved by the fact that the working surface of the tip is made convex, in the form of a body of rotation symmetrical about the longitudinal axis of the electrode, and the lower end of the solenoid is set at a distance of at least half of its diameter and not more than its height.

На чертеже представлен предлагаемый электрод.The drawing shows the proposed electrode.

Электрод содержит водоохлаждаемый корпус 1, медный наконечник 2, перегородку 3 и соленоид 4. С целью повышени надежности работы нерасходуемого электрода и стабильности электрических параметров, предотвращени переброса дуги на боковую поверхност электрода, уменьшени деформации в процессе плавки и увеличени ресурса работы медного наконечника, последний имеет форму параболоида вращени или полусферы, а нижний торец соленоида удален от нижнего торца наконечника на рассто ние И не ниже половины диаметра D наконечника, но не более его высоты h The electrode contains a water-cooled body 1, a copper tip 2, a partition 3 and a solenoid 4. In order to increase the reliability of the non-consumable electrode and the stability of electrical parameters, prevent arc transfer to the side surface of the electrode, reduce deformation during the melting process and increase the service life of the copper tip, the latter has the shape of a paraboloid of rotation or hemisphere, and the lower end of the solenoid is removed from the lower end of the tip by a distance And not lower than half the diameter D of the tip, but not more than Height of h

Claims

Such an arrangement of a solenoid connected in series to the arc circuit does not ensure the circulation of the anodic arc spot, but its stabilization of the longitudinal component of the magnetic field of the solenoid on the convex surface of the copper water-cooled tip and eliminates the transfer of the arc to the side wall of the electrode. The distribution of the magnetic power lines of the solenoid is such that the location of the anode spot of the DC electric arc, due to the diamagnetic nature of the arc, is limited to the zones of the minimum strength of the solenoid, in addition, it protects the junction of the tip and the housing. The proposed non-consumable electrode design is tested in the smelting of a titanium alloy from a lumpy charge. A vacuum furnace VDL-5 furnace is used as a melting unit. Melting is performed as follows. After the melting crucible is loaded with lump waste and the furnace is sealed with a copper tip and an electric current of reverse polarity is excited by a copper arc. First, a deep well under the electrode is smelted, then a bath of liquid metal washes away and melts the lumpy mixture. The electrical mode in a wide range from 1 to 9 kA is regulated by changing the arc gap. Tests show that the electric arc generated by the proposed nonconsumable electrode in VA. 1:10 -1: 10 ml1 Hg, it burns quite steadily, the non-consumable electrode works reliably, current and voltage fluctuations are 1-3%. The obtained castings meet the requirements of the technical specifications by chemical composition and mechanical properties. Non-consumable cylindrical electrode for melting metals and alloys, containing a water-cooled body and a copper tip attached to it, in which a solenoid is placed, characterized in that, to increase the life of the electrode and stabilize the electrical parameters of the arc, the working surface of the tip is convex body of rotation, symmetric with respect to the longitudinal axis of the electrode, and the lower end of the solenoid is set at least half the distance from the lower end of the tip. diameter and not more than its height. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1.CWA patent No. 3680163, cl. 13-9, 1972.

2. USSR author's certificate number 584701, cl. H 05 B 7/18, 1973,