SU794656A1 - Trainer for teaching operators of power object - Google Patents

Description

The unit 2 for displaying the parameters under study contains the following elements of the operation of the energy object: oil pressure indicator; fuel gauge; ammeter; a tachometer for measuring the frequency of rotation of the motor shaft; engine hour meter; alarm elements of the generator normal operation.

The unit 3 for recording the temperature of the fluid and oil in the engine contains: temperature indicators for cooling and lubrication systems; resistors - simulators of temperature sensors; a switch for connecting resistors, such as a scap finder, the winding of which is controlled by a time relay to simulate the warm-up of the engine after the heater is turned on.

The control and monitoring unit 5 of the heater simulator contains: a heater ignition plug switch 12; control element 13; switch 19 operation mode; warning lamp 27 of the heater; overheating relay 20, diode 28.

The training information input unit 6 generally contains elements that imitate possible malfunctions during operation, for example, switches in the power supply circuit to simulate the operation of fuses during short circuits; heater overheating switch; variable resistors in the fuel level meter circuit to simulate fuel consumption.

The control and monitoring unit 7 of the intake air heater simulator contains: a switch for a calorimetric glow plug or a structurally integrated two-position glow switch and a starter switch ("off - starter candle); control spiral for visual control of the degree of heat of the candles in the process of starting the engine.

Logic block 8 contains: a relay simulator 16 on; relay 21 turning on the heater in partial mode, capacitor 22.

Block 9 of the time relay contains: relay 17 of the glow time of the candle; relay 23 of the joint operation time of the plug and the heater in a partial mode; Timer 25 fires up the signal lamp of the heater; output relays 18, 24, 26, providing the necessary switching circuits in the simulator.

Switch 10 contains relays 14 and 30 ,. contacts which provide switching in the circuits of the control spirals 13, 32, as well as in block 2.

Resistor block 11 contains sections 15, 31 of resistors providing the required current of the control elements 13 and 32 and the charging current of the ammeter.

Works simulator as follows.

When the ignition plug switch 12 is turned on, the heater current, passing through the control element 13, through the normally closed contact of relay switch 14 and through the resistor section 15, heats up the control coil 13, which is an indicator of the glow plug, to red. At the same time, the relay 16 is triggered and, using its contacts, switches on the time setting circuit 17, which controls the glow time of the glow plug. With enough candle running time, the driver circuit 17 is activated and its output relay 18 closes its contacts.

The next technological element of the launch is turning on the electric drive of the fuel pump and the fan. Reliability of starting the preheater at low temperatures is provided by enriching the working mixture, which is achieved by reducing the air supply during the start-up of the preheater, i.e. by switching the electric drive of the heater fan to low speed (by using a two-speed electric motor or by adding additional resistance to the electric motor). Therefore, the operator must turn on the heater mode switch 19 to the position

“1/2 (partial operation).

The supply voltage through the fuse, switch 19 and the normally closed contact of the overheating relay 20 is fed to the relay 21 and the capacitor 22,

charge him. Relay 21 is triggered and by closing its contacts it supplies - a voltage through the closed contacts of the relay 18 for the time setting circuit 23. The time setting circuit 23 controls

the time required for reliable ignition of the fuel between the spark plugs and the electric drive of the fuel pump and the fan. In case of insufficient activation time of the spark plug relay

16 will de-energize the time of the driver circuit 17, and the output relay 18 will de-energize the time of the driver circuit 23 earlier than the output relay 24 will operate, and further start-up of the heater will be impossible. With enough

the time of activation of the ignition candle, the time of the driving circuit 23 will operate and its output relay 24 will contact the relay 18 with its contacts, allowing the operator to turn off the spark-plug. At the same time, the time setting circuit 25 and the unit 3 for recording the temperature of the coolant and oil are activated.

Block 3, changing the value of ohmic resistances in the temperature indicator circuits placed in the representation block of the parameters under study, simulates an increase in the temperature of the coolant and engine oil during the operation of the heater. Time setting scheme

25 is set to start time sustainable

combustion of the working mixture in the heater and simulates the operation of the combustion pointer. When triggered, the timing of the driver circuit 25 turns on the output relay 26 and, with its contacts, turns on the signal lamp 27 of the heater operation.

After the operating time of the heater in partial mode determined by the operating manual, the switch 19 is switched to the position "1 (full mode of operation), while the relay 21 is powered through another pair of normally closed contacts of the overheating relay 20 and through its own closed contacts. Relay 21 is not disconnected at the moment of switching contacts of switch 19, since the previously charged capacitor 22 at this moment energizes the relay 21 winding. The heater does not start up during initial installation of switch 19 to position 1, because diode 28 is locked in this case and relay 21 does not work.

During long-term operation, the heater may overheat. The imitation of overheating of the heater is made by closing the instructor installed in block 6 for entering educational information of the switch that simulates overheating of the heater. At the same time, the overheating relay circuit 20 closes, the relay operates and its normally closed contacts breaks the power supply circuit of the relay 21, and the overheating relay 20 releases the red button. The subsequent start of the heater is possible only after the cause of overheating is eliminated and the red button is forced to return to the initial fixed position after the heater is cooled.

When the glow plug switch 29 is turned on to heat the air in the engine exhaust manifold, relay 14 is activated and connects section 15 of resistors via normally closed contacts

the relay 30 is parallel to the second section 31 of resistors, and a current flows through the control coil 32, heating it to a bright red color. When translating the glow plug switch 29 and the starter to the starter start position, engine start will be facilitated. After starting the engine and a set of minimally stable revolutions, the threshold unit 4 is activated, on

0 the output of which the relay 30 switches its contacts and connects to the ammeter installed in the display unit 2

 of the parameters studied, section 31 of resistors, while the ammeter imitates the current

5 charge batteries after engine start.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A simulator for training the operators of an energy object, containing a block for entering educational information, connected to the nodes. imitation of the studied parameters, which is associated with a threshold unit, and a temperature recording unit that differs5 so that, in order to increase the efficiency of the training, it has a heater imitation unit, a logic unit, a time relay unit and a resistor switching node, and the input unit educational information and 0 the node of the simulation of the studied parameters is connected to the node of the simulation of the heaters, which is connected to the switching node of the resistors and the logic unit, which is connected through the time relay unit 5 with a node for simulating heaters, and a node for simulating the studied parameters is connected to the node switching1 (and resistors and through a temperature recording unit with a time relay unit. 0 Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR copyright certificate № 586486, cl. G 09B 9/04, 1974.