SU780962A1

SU780962A1 - Ingot stripping lathe

Info

Publication number: SU780962A1
Application number: SU782631845A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Георгий Константинович Ноников; Василий Николаевич Мишин; Борис Тихонович Горшков; Виктор Алексеевич Александрушкин
Original assignee: Электростальский филиал Московского института стали и сплавов
Priority date: 1978-06-23
Filing date: 1978-06-23
Publication date: 1980-11-23

Description

Изобретение относится к станкостроению и может быть использовано в станках для обдирки крупногабаритных слитков.The invention relates to machine tool industry and can be used in machines for peeling large-sized ingots.

Известен токарный слиткообдирочный станок, содержащий станину, шпиндельную» бабку с резцовой головкой, а также центрирующее и зажимное устройства [ 1 ].Known turning sintering machine containing a bed, spindle headstock with a cutter head, as well as a centering and clamping device [1].

Цель изобретения - расширение технологических возможностей.The purpose of the invention is the expansion of technological capabilities.

Поставленная цель достигается тем, что в ^!резцовый головке выполнены сквозные радиальные отверстия, в которых размещены плунжеры с установленными и упруго поджатыми в них резцовыми блоками, шарнирно связанные со штоками пневмоцилиндров, закрепленных на торце головки, а центрирующее устройство выполнено в виде двух пар диаметрально расположенных роликов, ролики каждой из которых равноудалены от оси станка. .The goal is achieved in that ^! the cutting head has through radial openings in which plungers are located with mounted and elastically pressed in them cutting blocks, pivotally connected to the rods of pneumatic cylinders mounted on the end of the head, and the centering device is made in the form of two pairs of diametrically located rollers, the rollers of each of which are equidistant from axis of the machine. .

На фиг. 1 показан станок, общий вид; на фиг. 2 - резцовая головка; на фиг. 3 - система стружкоудаления; на фиг. 4 - вид А на фиг. 3.In FIG. 1 shows the machine, a general view; in FIG. 2 - incisor head; in FIG. 3 - chip removal system; in FIG. 4 is a view A in FIG. 3.

Станок состоит из станины 1, в которой на телах качения 2 установлена в горизонтальной плоскости резцовая головка 3, привод вра шательного движения которой осуществляется через кинематическую цепь от электродвигателя 4 посредством зубчатой передачи 5. На станине 1 установлены четыре цилиндрических направляющих 6, по две с каждой стороны относительно оси станка, которые несут подвижную траверсу 7 со смонтированным на ней зажимным устройством 8. Штоки 9 гидроцилиндров 10 подачи, симметрично расположенных относительно оси станка, соединены с траверсой 7 посредством шаровых шарниров 11.The machine consists of a bed 1, in which a cutting head 3 is mounted in horizontal plane on the rolling bodies 2, the rotary movement of which is carried out through the kinematic chain from the electric motor 4 by means of gear transmission 5. Four cylindrical guides 6 are installed on the bed 1, two of each sides relative to the axis of the machine, which carry a movable crosshead 7 with a clamping device mounted on it 8. The rods 9 of the supply hydraulic cylinders 10, symmetrically located relative to the axis of the machine, are connected to an obverse 7 by means of ball joints 11.

Верхнее центрирующее устройство 12, включающее в себя четыре | центрирующих ролика 13, имеет возможность вертикального перемещения по цилиндрическим направляющим 6 для установки на расчетную высоту при изменении типоразмера слитков e = l(L + lb), где € - расчетная высота установки верхнего центрирующего устройства;The upper centering device 12, including four | the centering roller 13, has the ability to move vertically along the cylindrical guides 6 for installation at the design height when changing the size of the ingots e = l (L + lb), where € is the estimated installation height of the upper centering device;

L - длина слитка;L is the length of the ingot;

b - расстояние от нижнего края устройства до оси центрирующих роликов.b is the distance from the lower edge of the device to the axis of the centering rollers.

Нижнее центрирующее устройство 14 с цент· ⁵рирующими роликами 15 стационарно установ лено непосредственно над резцовой головкой 3. Станок снабжен поперечиной 16 для крепления направляющих 6, смонтированной на стойках 17.₁₀По оси станка в его фундаменте имеется вертикальная шахта 18 со смонтированным слиткоприемным устройством 19, которое осуществляет прием и транспортировку обработанного слитка из рабочей зоны и состоящее из зажимного механизма 20, имеющего возможность перемещения в вертикальной плоскости по направляющим 21. Совпадение оси устройства 19 с осью станка обеспечивается посредством упора 22 (фиг. 3). 20Lower centering device 14 with center · ⁵ riruyuschimi rollers 15 stationarily SET Leno immediately above the cutting head 3. The machine is provided with a cross member 16 for mounting the guide 6 mounted on the racks _10, 17. According to the machine axis in its base has a vertical shaft 18 with mounted device 19 slitkopriemnym , which carries out the reception and transportation of the treated ingot from the working area and consisting of a clamping mechanism 20, having the ability to move in a vertical plane along the rails 21. The coincidence of the axis y device 19 with the axis of the machine is provided by a stop 22 (Fig. 3). 20

Резцовая головка (фиг. 2) включает в себя литой корпус 23, на котором закреплен зубчатый венец 24, кинематически связанный с главным приводом 4. В резцовой головке выполнены четыре радиально расположенных отвер- ₂₅стая, в которых установлены' резцовые блоки 25, закрепленные в плунжерах 26. Радиальное перемещение плунжеров 26 с резцами 25 осуществляется от пневмоцилиндров 27, штоки 28 Которых шарнирно соединены с плунжерами 26. ₃₀Подача воздуха в полости пневмоцилиндров осуществляется от цеховой пневмосети через неподвижное охватывающее кольцо 29, имеющее проточки 30, через внутренние каналы 31 и 32 в корпусе резцовой головки, штуцеры ₃₅33 и 34 и шланги 35 и 36. Резцовые блоки 25 подпружинены регулируемыми пружинами 37 сжатия.The cutting head (Fig. 2) includes a cast housing 23 on which a gear ring 24 is fixed kinematically connected to the main drive 4. Four radially spaced holes _{25 are} made in the cutting head, in which 'cutting blocks 25 are mounted, fixed in the plungers 26. The radial movement of the plungers 26 with cutters 25 is carried out from the pneumatic cylinders 27, the rods 28 of which are pivotally connected to the plungers 26. ₃₀ The air in the cavity of the pneumatic cylinders is supplied from the workshop pneumatic network through a stationary enclosing ring 29, having the grooves 30, through the internal channels 31 and 32 in the tool head housing, fittings ₃₅ 33 and 34 and hoses 35 and 36. The tool blocks 25 are spring-loaded with adjustable compression springs 37.

Станок включает в себя систему уборки стружки (фиг. 3), состоящую из приемного ₄θ лотка 38, в котором имеется эллиптическое отверстие 39, наименьшая ось которого больше максимального диаметра слитка. Лепестки 40 диафрагмы посредством цилиндрических шарниров 41 закреплены на корпусе приемного ₄^ лотка 38, подпружинены пружинами 42 сжатия и иг^еют расположенные под углом к оси станка рычаги 43, которые раздвигают лепестки 40 при прохождении слитка через лоток 38. Приемный лоток 38 получает осциллирующее движение от электродвигателя 44 через кула- ⁵⁰чок 45 и имеет шарнир 46. По каналу 47 стружка попадаетв прЖЖый короё 48, имеющий сетчатое дно, пой которым расположена емкость 49 для сбора смазочно-охлаждающей жидкости, попадающей вместе со стружкой ⁵⁵в короб 48. ^х·The machine includes a chip harvesting system (Fig. 3), consisting of a ₄ θ receiving tray 38, in which there is an elliptical hole 39, the smallest axis of which is larger than the maximum diameter of the ingot. The diaphragm petals 40 are mounted by cylindrical hinges 41 on the body of the receiving ₄ tray 38, are spring-loaded with compression springs 42, and levers 43 located at an angle to the machine axis move apart the petals 40 when the ingot passes through the tray 38. The receiving tray 38 receives an oscillating movement by an electric motor 44 via kula- choke ⁵⁰ has a hinge 45 and 46. via 47 chips popadaetv prZhZhy koroo 48 having a mesh bottom, which is sing container 49 for collecting coolant which falls together with the chips ⁵⁵ to 48. rob · ^x

Предлагаемый токарный слиткообдирочный станок работает следующим образом.The proposed turning peeling machine operates as follows.

Слиток подается сверху через поперечину 16, имеющую отверстие, загрузочным устройством в предварительно настроенные на заданный диаметр ролики 15 нижнего центрирующего устройства, чем достигается совмещение центра донной часта слитка с осью станка. Верхнее центрирующее устройство 12, установленное на расчетной высоте й, своими роликами 13 осуществляет совмещение с осью станка второго сечения слитка. Таким образом, ось слитка, совмещается с осью станка.The ingot is fed from above through the cross member 16, which has an aperture, by the loading device into the rollers 15 of the lower centering device, which are pre-set to a predetermined diameter, thereby combining the center of the bottom part of the ingot with the axis of the machine. The upper centering device 12, mounted at a design height th, combines with its rollers 13 the axis of the machine of the second section of the ingot. Thus, the axis of the ingot is aligned with the axis of the machine.

Ролики верхнего и нижнего центрирующих устройств работают по принципу равноудаленности двух диаметрально противоположных роликов от оси станка и синхронности их радиального перемещения. К отцентрированному слитку подводится траверса 7 и посредством зажимного устройства 8 жестко закрепляет слиток за головную часть, после чего включается движение подачи.The rollers of the upper and lower centering devices work on the principle of equidistance of two diametrically opposite rollers from the axis of the machine and the synchronism of their radial movement. A beam 7 is brought to the centered ingot and, by means of a clamping device 8, rigidly fixes the ingot to the head part, after which the feed movement is turned on.

По мере продвижения вниз конусного слитка центрирующие 'ролики 15 и резцы 25 перемещаются в радиальном направлении, Слежение за постоянством снимаемого припуска по длине слитка обеспечивается пневмоподжимом плунжеров 26 с резцами 25 к обрабатываемому слитку, а компенсация колебаний в поперечном сечении — поджимом резца пружинами сжатия.As the cone ingot moves downward, the centering rollers 15 and cutters 25 move in the radial direction, the constancy of the removed allowance along the length of the ingot is monitored by pneumatic clamping of the plungers 26 with cutters 25 to the ingot being processed, and the vibrational compensation in the cross section by compressing the cutter with compression springs.

При выходе слитка из резцовой головки на величину, достаточную для его закрепления, устройство 20 зажимает слиток и транспортирует его из зоны обработки. В конце цикла обработки после прохождения слитком нижнего центрирующего устройства производится центрирование следующего слитка, чем достигается перекрытие части вспомогательного времени машинным.When the ingot leaves the cutter head by an amount sufficient to secure it, the device 20 clamps the ingot and transports it from the processing zone. At the end of the processing cycle, after the ingot passes through the lower centering device, the next ingot is centered, thereby overriding part of the auxiliary time by machine.

Claims

The invention approaches machine tools and can be used in machine tools for stripping large ingots. A turning lathe containing a frame, a spindle head with a cutting head, as well as a centering and clamping device 11 is known. The purpose of the invention is the expansion of technological capabilities. The goal is achieved by the fact that in the incisal head there are made through radial holes, in which plungers with installed hubs and incisive blocks clamped in them are placed, and the centering device is made in the form of 1 x 2 located rollers, the rollers of each of which are equidistant from the donkey machine. FIG. I shows the machine, a general view; in fig. 2 - cutter head; in fig. 3 - system removed; in fig. 4 is a view A of FIG. 3. The machine consists of a frame 1, in which on the rolling bodies 2 a cutting head 3 is mounted in the horizontal plane, the rotational drive of which is carried out through the kinematic chain from the electric motor 4 by means of a gear 5. On the base 1 there are four cylindrical guides 6, two on each side relative to the axis of the machine, which carry the movable yoke 7 with the clamping device 8 mounted on it. The rods 9 of the feed spindle 10, which are symmetrically located relative to the axis of the machine, are connected with crosspiece 7 by means of spherical hinges 11. The upper centering device 12, which includes four I centering rollers 13, has the possibility of vertical movement along the cylindrical guides 6 to be set to the calculated height when the size of the ingots e J is changed (37), the calculated height of the upper centering device; L is the length of the ingot; b is the distance from the bottom edge of the device to the axis of the centering rollers. The lower centering device 14 with centering rollers IS is permanently mounted directly above the cutting head 3. The machine is equipped with a cross member 16 for fastening the guides 6 mounted on racks 1. The vertical axis aiaxta 18 with an interchangeable clamp 19, which carries out receiving and transporting the processed ingot from the working area and consisting of the clamping mechanism 20, which can move in a vertical plane along the guides 21. The axis of the device Twa a machine axis 19 provided by abutment 22 (FIG. 3). The cutting head (Fig. 2) includes a molded body 23, on which is fixed a ring gear 24, kinematically connected to the main drive 4. In the cutting head there are four radially arranged holes in which the cutting blocks 25 are mounted, fixed in plungers 26 The radial movement of the plungers 26 with the cutters 25 is carried out from the pneumatic cylinders 27, the rods 28 of which are pivotally connected to the plungers 26 Air supply in the cavity of the pneumatic cylinders is carried out from the workshop pneumatic network through a fixed ring 29, having its grooves 30, through the internal channels 31 and 32 in the case of the incisal end, fittings 33 and 34, and hoses 35 and 36. The cutter blocks 25 are biased with adjustable compression springs 37. The machine includes a chip cleaning system (Fig. 3), consisting of a receiving tray 38 in which there is an elliptical opening 39, the smallest axis of which is more than the maximum diameter of the ingot. The diaphragm petals 40 are fixed to the Kopiqce receiving tray 38 by cylindrical hinges 41, spring loaded by compression springs 42 and play levers 43 at an angle to the machine axis, which push the petals 40 as the ingot passes through the tray 38. 45 and the hinge 46. Through the channel 47, the chips fall into the receiving box 48, which has a mesh bottom, under which the container 49 is located to collect the coolant fluid, which enters the duct 48 together with the chips. Lag turning lathe stripping machine works as follows. The ingot is fed from above through the crossbar 16 having an opening, a loading device into the rollers 15 of the lower centering device pre-set to a given diameter, which achieves the alignment of the center of the bottom part of the ingot with the axis of the machine. The upper centering device 12, installed at the design height, with its rollers 13 performs alignment with the axis of the machine of the second section of the ingot. Thus, the axis of the ingot is aligned with the axis of the machine. The rollers of the upper and lower centering devices operate on the principle of equidistance of two diametrically opposite rollers from the machine axis and the synchronism of their radial movement. A traverse 7 is supplied to the centered ingot and, by means of the clamping device 8, the ingot is rigidly attached to the head part, after which the feed movement is activated. As the tapered ingot moves downward, the centering rollers 15 and the cutters 25 move in the radial direction. Tracking the constant removal allowance along the ingot length is provided by pneumatic clamping plungers 26 with cutters 25 to the ingot being processed, and compensation of oscillations in the cross section by pressing the cutter with compression springs. When the ingot leaves the incisal head by an amount sufficient to secure it, the device 20 clamps the ingot and transports it from the treatment area. At the end of the processing cycle, after the ingot of the lower centering device passes, the next ingot is centered, which results in overlapping of the auxiliary time part by machine time. Claims Turning bullion machine containing a frame, a spindle head with a cutting head, as well as a centering and clamping device; differs in that, in order to expand technological capabilities, in the incisal head, radial holes are made through i, i.e., i.e. {The testing device is made in 1Yeida of two piers with diametrically located rollers, the rollers of each of which are equidistant from the axis of the machine. Sources of information, prish tsd attention to the examination of the examination 1. Lathe-casting machine mod. 9340; -EI, 1965, N 2.