SU773585A1

SU773585A1 - Main-pipeline pump-station pressure controller

Info

Publication number: SU773585A1
Application number: SU792730677A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Олег Михайлович Науменко; Виктор Михайлович Попов; Михаил Сергеевич Анохин; Виктор Ефимович Чернухин; Валерий Георгиевич Зыбин; Николай Михайлович Моисеев; Валентин Борисович Рохлин; Валентин Сергеевич Бурылин
Original assignee: Войсковая Часть 74242; Предприятие П/Я Г-4481
Priority date: 1979-01-25
Filing date: 1979-01-25
Publication date: 1980-10-23

Description

Изобретение относитс к автоматическому регулированию насосных станций , работагадих на магистральных тру бопЕюводах из насоса в насос, и предназначено дл автоматического ре гулировани режима работы насосной станции и дл ее остановки при разрыве трубопровода. Известны устройства дл регулировани режима работы насосной станций на магистральных трубопроводах.К таким известным устройствам можно отнести электрогидравлическое устройство дл регулировани давлени и регул тор давлени жидкости дл насосной станции l. Наиболее близким по технической сущности к предлагаемому изобретению вл етс регул тор давлени жидкости содержащий датчики и задатчики давЛенин , установленные на входе и выходе насосной станции и подключенные выходами к соответствующим входам блока управлени , первые выходы которого соединены с соответствующими входами первого элемента ИЛИ, вторые выходы - с соответствующими входами первого элемента И, а третьи выходысо входами соответствующих усилителей с однопол рными выходами, выходы которых подключены к первому входу первого порогового элемента, выход которого соединен с первым входом второго элемента И, задатчик скорости вращени электрюдвигател исполнительного механизма, выход которого подключен к первому входу второго порогового элемента, св занного выходом с первым входом третьего элемента И, выход которого соединен с первым входом усилител мощности, второй вход которого соединен с выходом второго элемента И, а выходы через соответствующие концевые выключатели - с исполнительным механизмом, а также, источник питани и установленный на валу электродвигател исполнительного механизма, тахогенератор , обмотки которого подключены ко входам соответственно первого и второго пороговых элементов 2. Однако такие регул торы осуществл ют регулирование режима работы насосных станций при изменени х давлени на выходе и входе насосной станции. В случае уменьшени давлени на входе насосной станции,что может быть при повреждении трубопровода до насосной станции, уменьшают частоту вращени вала двигател насосной станции вплоть до малой. Однако при повреждении(разрыве) трубопровода впереди насосной станции,эти регул торы, наоборот, будут стремитьс увеличить частоту вращени вала двигател насосной станции, и тем самым подачу насоса, что будет при одить к большим потер м перекачиваемого горючего. Работа регул тора в этом случае не вл етс экономичной. Цель изобретени - повышение точности и экономичности регу11 тора. Экономичность регул тора определ етс сокращением значительных потерь перекачиваемого горючего, за счет остановки насосной станции при повреждении трубопровода, исключением резкого повышени давлени на участке трубопровода до останавливаемой насосной станции и получением информации о состо нии трубопровода после его повреждени (раз рыв а) .The invention relates to the automatic regulation of pumping stations, working on the main pipelines from the pump to the pump, and is intended to automatically regulate the operating mode of the pumping station and to stop it when the pipeline is broken. Devices are known for controlling the mode of operation of pumping stations on main pipelines. Such known devices include an electro-hydraulic device for regulating pressure and a fluid pressure regulator for a pumping station l. The closest to the technical essence of the present invention is a fluid pressure regulator containing sensors and pressure sensors Lenenin installed at the inlet and outlet of the pump station and connected by outputs to the corresponding inputs of the control unit, the first outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the first OR element, the second outputs with the corresponding inputs of the first element And, and the third outputs with the inputs of the corresponding amplifiers with unipolar outputs, the outputs of which are connected to the first input of the first the threshold element, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second element I, the unit of rotational speed of the electric motor of the actuator, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second threshold element connected with the first input of the third element I, whose output is connected to the first input of the power amplifier, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second element I, and the outputs through the corresponding limit switches - with the actuator, as well as the power source and mounted on the shaft motor actuator tachogenerator whose windings are connected to the inputs of the first and second threshold elements 2. However, such regulators performed regulation mode pumping stations with variations in the pressure at the outlet and inlet pumping station. In the case of a decrease in pressure at the inlet of the pumping station, which may be the case of damage to the pipeline to the pumping station, the frequency of rotation of the shaft of the engine of the pumping station is reduced to low. However, if the pipeline is damaged (ruptured) in front of the pumping station, these controllers, on the contrary, will tend to increase the shaft speed of the pumping station's engine, and thereby pump flow, which will result in large losses of the fuel being pumped. The operation of the controller in this case is not economical. The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the regulator. The efficiency of the regulator is determined by the reduction of significant losses of the pumped fuel by stopping the pumping station if the pipeline is damaged, eliminating a sharp increase in pressure in the pipeline section to the pumping station being stopped and obtaining information about the condition of the pipeline after it has been damaged (rupture a).

Дл достижени указанной цели в регул тор дополнительно введены последовательно соединенные второй элемент ИЛИ, элемент НЕ, и четвертый элемент И, а также два реэистивных делител напр жени разв эыванмцие диоды, размыкающую кнопку, переключающий тиристор, электромагнитное реле и контактный датчик скорости снижени давлени в трубопроводе через замыкающий контакт которого к источник питани подключен первый резистивный делитель напр жени , параллельно которому подключены последовательно соединенные электромагнитное реле, и переключакадий тиристор, и размыкающа кнопка управл ющий электрод переключающего т иристора соединен со средней точкой первого резистивного делител напр жени , параллельно обмотке электромагнитного реле подключены последовательно соединенные второй реэистивный делитель напр жени и первый разв зывающий диод, анод которого через второй разв зываквдий диод подключен к первому входу второго элемента ИЛИ, средн точка второго резистивного делител напр жени третий разв зывакедий диод подключен ко входу первого порогового элемента, замыкающий контакт электромагнитного реле подключен параллельно к соответствующему концевому выключателю,второй вход -второго элемента ИЛИ, соединен с выходом первого элемента ИЛИ, а выход - со вторым входом второго элемента И, второй вход четвертого элемента И соединен с выходом первого элемента .И, а выход - с вторым входом третьего элемента И.In order to achieve this goal, the second element OR, the element NOT, and the fourth element AND, as well as two resistive voltage dividers, development diodes, a disconnecting button, a switching thyristor, an electromagnetic relay and a contact speed sensor for pressure reduction in the pipeline are additionally introduced into the controller through the closing contact of which a first resistive voltage divider is connected to the power source, in parallel with which a series-connected electromagnetic relay is connected, and The switch thyristor and the disconnecting button of the control electrode of the switching switch of the thyristor are connected to the midpoint of the first resistive voltage divider, parallel to the winding of the electromagnetic relay are connected in series the second resistive voltage divider and the first decoupling diode, the anode of which is connected to the first through the second inductor diode the input of the second element OR, the middle point of the second resistive voltage divider, the third development diode connected to the input of the first threshold elec An entraining contact of the electromagnetic relay is connected in parallel to the corresponding limit switch, the second input of the second element OR is connected to the output of the first element OR, and the output is connected to the second input of the second element AND, the second input of the fourth element AND is connected to the output of the first element .and and the output - with the second input of the third element I.

Блок-схема регул тора представлена на чертеже.The block diagram of the regulator is shown in the drawing.

Регул ор содержит датчики 1 и 2 давлени ,задатчики 3 и 4 давлени наRegulator op contains pressure sensors 1 and 2, pressure controls 3 and 4 on

входе и выходе насосной станции,блок 5 управлени , логическое устройство выбора сигналов, которое содержит первый элемент ИЛИ 7, первый элемент И 8, второй элемент ИЛИ 9, четвертьай элемент И 10, элемент.НЕ 11, второй и третий элементы И 12 и 13, усили-f тель 14 мощности, концевые выключатели 15, 16 и 17, исполнительный механизм 18 с тахогенератором 19, расположенном на одном валу электродвигателем исполнительного механизма, два усилител 20 и 2.1 с однопол рными выходами, первый пороговый элемен 22 с регулируемьам порогом срабатывани , второй пороговый элемент 23 с устанавливаемым порогом, задатчик 24 скорости вращени электродвигател исполнительного механизма, контактны датчик скорости снижени давлени 25 в трубопроводе, замыкающий контакт которого может быть выполнен, например в виде геркона 26, поршень 27 с магнитом, пружину 28, размыкающую кнопку 29, переключакнций тиристор 30, электромагнитное реле 31, регу л тор содержит также сигнальн5по лампу 32, разв зывающую диоды 33, 34 иthe input and output of the pumping station, control unit 5, a logical device for selecting signals, which contains the first element OR 7, the first element AND 8, the second element OR 9, the fourth element AND 10, the element. NOT 11, the second and third elements AND 12 and 13 power amplifier 14, limit switches 15, 16 and 17, actuator 18 with tachogenerator 19, electric actuator of the actuator on one shaft, two amplifiers 20 and 2.1 with unipolar outputs, first threshold element 22 with adjustable threshold, second threshold email an element 23 with an adjustable threshold, an actuator for the rotational speed of the electric motor of the actuator, a contact sensor for the pressure reduction 25 in the pipeline, the closing contact of which can be made, for example, in the form of a reed switch 26, a piston 27 with a magnet, a spring 28, an open button 29, switches the thyristor 30, an electromagnetic relay 31, the controller also contains a signal lamp 32, driving the diodes 33, 34 and

35,два резистивных делител напр жени , состо щих КЗ сопротивлений35, two resistive voltage divider, short circuit resistance

36,37, 38 И 39. Исполнительный механизм 18 воздействует на рейку управлени подачей топлива к двигателю насосной станции 40, что приводит к изменению частоты вращени вала двигател в сторону увеличени или уменьшени , зa влкгuoщий контакт 41 электромагнитного реле 31.36, 37, 38, and 39. The actuator 18 acts on the fuel control rail to the engine of the pumping station 40, which leads to an increase or decrease in the frequency of rotation of the engine shaft, due to the contact 41 of the electromagnetic relay 31.

Работа регул тора давлени осуществл етс следующим образом.The operation of the pressure regulator is carried out as follows.

Claims

The signals from the sensors 1 and 2 of the pressure at the inlet and outlet of the pumping station go to the control unit 5, where they are compared with the signals of the corresponding setters 3 and 4. The control unit 5 forms a three-position law for each of the controlled parameters. In accordance with this, the following signals can be formed at its outputs for each adjustable parameter: Pressure higher than the set value; The pressure is set; . The pressure is below the set point. These signals are fed to the input of a logical device for selecting signals b. Moreover, the input of the first logic element OR 7 receives signals that require reducing the frequency of rotation of the motor shaft of the pumping station 40, i.e. when the pressure at the outlet of the pumping station is specified, and the pressure at the inlet of the pumping station is lower than the setpoint. The input of the first logic element And 8 receives signals that require an increase in the frequency of rotation of the motor shaft of the pumping station 40, i.e. when the pressure at the inlet of the pumping station is higher than the preset, and the pressure at the outlet of the pumping station is lower than the preset. Such a logic signal selection device circuit provides preferential passage through it of signals that require the rotation frequency of the motor of the pump station 40. The output of the logic selection device 6 connected to the second logic element I 12 corresponds to the command to reduce the rotational speed of the motor shaft pumping station, and the output connected to the third logical element I 13 - to increase the frequency of rotation of the shaft of the engine of the pumping station. The error voltage corresponding to the pressure drop at the pump station inlet from control unit 5 is fed to the input of the amplifier 21 with a unipolar output, and the error voltage corresponding to the pressure drop at the pump station outlet to the amplifier input with a unipolar output 20. The output voltages of the amplifiers 20 and 21 are set at one of the inputs of the threshold element 22 with an adjustable threshold. When the pressures at the input and output of the pumping station are equal to the specified values, and the electric motor of the actuator is de-energized, the voltage at the output of the tachogenerator 19 is zero. In this case, the output of the threshold element 22 is equal to the logical unit. Due to this, the initial passage of the signal through the second logic element I 12, two channel power amplifier 14, limit switches 15, 16 and switching on the actuator 18 is ensured. Signal flow to increase the rotation frequency of the motor shaft of the pumping station is controlled by the same tachogenerator 19 and threshold a device 23 with an adjustable response threshold, to one input of which voltage is applied from the setpoint 24, and to the other - from the tachogenerator 19. In both cases, the pulse control of the electric motor. The executive mechanism, with a decrease in the rotational frequency of the pumping station's shaft, is proportional to the magnitude of the error, and the rotational frequency increases at a constant speed, which is determined by the voltage taken from the setter 24. At the moment of rupture (damage) of the pipeline at the point a rupture wave forms a reduced pressure that propagates in both directions from the point of rupture and approaches the pump station where the contact speed sensor is installed ION. A pressure decrease wave is transmitted both into the space under the piston with the magnet 27 and into the space above the piston, where in the upper part there is: in an elastic casing, compressed air to a pressure equal to "pressure in the pipeline until it breaks. However, pressure is transferred to the space above the piston through the nozzle, as a result of which it changes there with some delay. As a result, the piston 27 moves downward from the top and bottom under pressure, compressing the spring 28. As soon as the piston magnet 27 moves to which is placed reed switch 26, its contacts are closed. After equalizing the pressure from above and below, the piston will move up again under the action of the spring. When the reed switch 26 contacts, the current through its contacts from the positive power source through the resistance 36 and 37 of the first resistive voltage divider will flow to the negative power source, which will cause a positive polarity on the controlled output of the pumping thyristor 30. As a result the thyristor 30 will open and the current from the power source through the disconnecting button 29, switching the thyristor 30, will pass through the winding of the electromagnetic relay 31, the signal lamp 32 and will go through the decoupling diodes 33 and 34 to to the second loch element OR 9 and the second resistive voltage divider consisting of resistances 38 and 39; From the second resistor divider, the voltage through the decoupling diode 35 is fed to the input of the threshold device 22. At the input of the second logic element OR 9, living equal to a logical unit. At the output of the element OR 9, the voltage also equals the logical unit that passes through the second logic element 12 and, using the power amplifier 14, turns on the electric motor 18 of the actuator, which will start to move the fuel control rail to the engine of the pump station 40 the direction of reducing the frequency of rotation of the motor shaft. Simultaneously with the activation of the electric motor of the actuator, the tacho generator 19 rotated on the same shaft with the electric motor of the actuator will begin to rotate. As soon as its voltage becomes equal to or higher than the voltage taken from the second resistive voltage divider consisting of resistances 38 and 39, at the output of the threshold voltage 22 together the voltage equal to the logical unit logical zero. As a result, passing through the signal through the second logical element And 12 prekatits. The electric motor 18 of the executive mechanism will stop together with the tachogenerator 19. As a result, at the output of the threshold element 22, the voltage will again be equal to a logical one and the actuator will again receive a command to decrease the rotational speed of the motor shaft. When the relay 31 is triggered, its contacts will block the limit switch 16 minimum speed. Therefore, the actuator 18 will reduce the rotational speed of the motor shaft at a predetermined speed until the pumping station motor completely stops. The rate of reduction of the rotational speed of the motor shaft when the pipeline ruptures will be determined by the magnitude of the voltage removed from the second resistive voltage divider and supplied to the threshold element 22, and is chosen so as to eliminate the sharp increase in pressure on the pipeline section to the pumping station to be stopped. The use of the reed switch and switching thyristor 30 as an executive element of the regulator circuit increases its accuracy and sensitivity to short-term pressure reductions in the pipeline, which takes place at the point of installation of the contact speed sensor for pressure decrease 25 when the pipeline ruptures. Stopping the pumping station 40 after a pipeline rupture sharply reduces its performance, which prevents significant losses of the pumped fuel, and the ignition of the lamp 32 promptly signals a pipeline accident, which allows timely measures to be taken to locate and repair the pipeline rupture. Invention The pressure regulator for the pumping station of the main pipeline contains sensors and pressure gauges installed at the pump station inlet and outlet and connected to the corresponding inputs of the control unit, the first outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the first OR element, and the second outputs to the corresponding inputs of the first element I, and the third ones with inputs corresponding to the amplifier with unipolar outputs, the outputs of which are connected to the first input of the first threshold element The output of which is connected to the first input of the second element AND the unit of rotational speed of the electric motor is the actuator mechanism, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second threshold element connected to the first input of the third element I, the output of which is connected to the first input of the amplifier - power, the second the input of which is connected to the output of the second element I, and the outputs through the corresponding limit switches to the executive mechanism, as well as the power source and the electric motor mounted on the shaft A winding mechanism is connected to the second inputs of the first and second threshold elements, respectively, characterized in that, in order to increase the accuracy and efficiency of the controller, it contains the second OR element, and the fourth AND element, as well as two resistive voltage divider, decoupling diodes, disconnecting button, switching thyristor, electromagnetic relay, and contact speed sensor for reducing pressure in the pipeline through a closing contact to the source The power supply is connected to the first resistive voltage divider, in parallel with which the series-connected electromagnetic relay is connected, and the switching thyristor, and the disconnecting button, the control electrode of the switching thyristor are connected to the midpoint of the first resistive voltage splitter, parallel to the winding of the electromagnetic relay are connected in series the second resistive divider the voltage and the first decoupling diode, the anode of which is connected to the first through the second decoupling diode For the second element OR, the middle point of the second resistive divider is connected through the third decoupling diode to the input of the first threshold element, the closing contact of the electromagnetic relay is connected in parallel to the corresponding limit switch, the second input of the second element OR is connected to the output of the first element OR, and the output is with the second input of the second element And, the second input of the fourth element I is connected with the output of the first element I, and the output with the second input of the third element I. Sources of information are taken e, into account in examination 1, USSR Copyright Certificate 1 241137, cl. G 05 O 16/20, 1968. 2, USSR Author's Certificate No. 526863, cl. G 05 D 16/20,1974 (prototype).