SU765480A1

SU765480A1 - Roof for buildings and structures

Info

Publication number: SU765480A1
Application number: SU792719651A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Эрнест Зиновьевич Жуковский; Виктор Федорович Шабля; Анатолий Павлович Зарудский; Светлана Игоревна Волкова; Виктор Викторович Ханджи
Original assignee: Московский научно-исследовательский и проектный институт типового и экспериментального проектирования
Priority date: 1979-01-30
Filing date: 1979-01-30
Publication date: 1980-09-23

Description

(54) ПОКРЫТИЕ ЗДАНИЙ И СООРУЖЕНИЙ(54) COATING OF BUILDINGS AND CONSTRUCTIONS

1one

Изобретение относитс к области строительства и может быть использовано в качестве покрытий зданий и сооружений.The invention relates to the field of construction and can be used as a coating for buildings and structures.

Известно покрытие, выполненное в виде комбинации четырех сопр женных оболочек, имеющих между собой световые проемы |l.A coating is known, made in the form of a combination of four conjugated shells, with the light openings | l.

Однако в указанном покрытии отсутствуют соединительные элементы между смежными контурами, что снижает несущую способность покрыти .However, in this coating there are no connecting elements between adjacent circuits, which reduces the bearing capacity of the coating.

Наиболее близким по технической сущности и достигаемому результату . к предлагаемому вл етс покрытие зданий и сооружений, включающее отдельные оболочки с контурными элеменТс1ми и световые проемы, расположенные ме оду контурными элементами смежных оболочек 2J.The closest in technical essence and the achieved result. To the proposed is a coating of buildings and structures, including separate shells with contour elements and light openings located between the contour elements of adjacent shells 2J.

Недостатком такого покрыти вл етс его невысока несуща способность; так как контуры отдельньк оболочек в местах фонарных проемов не соединены между собой по длине и работают независимо друг от друга, что преп тствует созданию единой пространственной системы за счет возможности свободного перемещени контуров оболочек.The disadvantage of such a coating is its low carrying capacity; since the contours of the individual shells in the places of the lamp openings are not interconnected in length and work independently of each other, which prevents the creation of a single spatial system due to the possibility of free movement of the contours of the shells.

Цель изобретени - повышение несущей способности покрыти .The purpose of the invention is to increase the bearing capacity of the coating.

Это достигаетс тем, что покрытие зданий и сооружений, включающееThis is achieved by covering buildings and structures, including

5 отдельные оболочки с контурными элементами и световые проемы, расположенные между контурными элементами смежных оболочек, снабжено соединительными элементами, жестко прикреп10 ленньлли к смежным контурным элементам в местах расположени световых проемов. При этом соединительные элементы могут быть выполнены составными , а в месте разъема каждого5, the individual shells with the contour elements and the light openings located between the contour elements of the adjacent shells are provided with connecting elements that are rigidly attached 10 to the adjacent contour elements at the locations of the light openings. In this connection elements can be made composite, and in place of the connector of each

5 из них установлено напр гающее устройство . Напр гающее устройство может быть выполнено съемным, а вместах разъема соединительные элементы снабжены жестко прикрепленными к ним5 of them have a power device installed. The wiring device can be made removable, and the connector elements are fitted with rigidly attached to them

20 накладками. Напр гаквдие устройства могут быть также смещены относительно соединительных элементов. Соединительные элементы могут быть выполнены , например парными. .20 overlays. Strain gadgets can also be offset relative to the connecting elements. Connecting elements can be made, for example, in pairs. .

Claims

25 In FIG. 1 shows a plan view of buildings and structures; in fig. 2 - the coverage of buildings and co. guns, side view; in fig. 3 is the attachment unit of the connecting element to the embedded parts, side view in FIG. 4 fastener attachment assembly of the element with the tension device ryo; "In the middle, connect the oHoro elements of the TCH., Side view; on fit-; 5 - tensioning device; in fig. 6 shows a fastening assembly of the connecting element to the contour elements; a side view of FIG. 7; a fastening assembly of the pair of connecting elements to the contour elements, side view; in FIG. 8 shows the fastening assembly of the connecting elements to the contour elements with tensioning devices located offset from the connecting element, side view. The covering of buildings and structures includes individual shells 1, consisting of panels 2 with mortgages and parts 3, and contour elements 4 (cM, Fig. 1). Light openings 5 are located between the contour elements of the 4 adjacent shells. In the places of the openings 5 contour elements 4 are combined with reinforcing elements b, which are rigidly attached to the mortgage parts 3 (see Fig. 3) or to the vertical HbjM metal sheets 7 contour elements 4 {cm . FIG. b). In this case, the connecting elements can be made paired (see Fig. 7). The space between the panels 2 and the contour elements 4 is filled with concrete 8. In the case of a composite connecting element (see Fig. 4), a tension device 9 y is installed in the place of the connector, for example in the form of a screw jack that is attached to the thrust sheets 10 connecting element. The wiring device 9 may be removable. In this case, it is attached to the ynopHbrni sheets 10 by bolts 11. After tensioning the connecting element b, the butt joints are laid on the masonry 12f and the tensioning device is taken up. Tension devices 9 can be arranged offset relative to connecting elements 6 (see Fig. 8). In this case, the tension devices are located between the panels 2 and the contour elements 4. The principle of fastening the tension devices and the tension connect the following elements: the same: in FIG. 4. The coating device begins with the installation of contour elements. After installation of precast concrete panels - shells between the contour elements M of adjacent shells, the connecting elements are installed and rigidly connected to the TctMH contour elements. Then, the joints between the panels are monolithic, as well as the spaces between the panels and contour elements. In the case of composite fasteners, a removable or stationary tension device of a screw jack type is installed in the places of the connector. The prestressing of the shells is achieved by rotating the screw jack, while achieving the displacement of the contour elements in the plane of the structure. With removable tensioning devices, after prestressing the shells, in places of the connector of the connecting elements, they are fixed rigidly attached to them, and then the tensioning device is removed. In the case when the tension devices are displaced with respect to the connecting elements, in case of monolithics, the spaces between the panels and the contour elements leave grooves in the places where the tension devices are installed. After prestressing the shells, installing and attaching the pads, the tension devices are removed and the grooves are monolithic. For more uniform work on SOWs and to increase the stability of the contour elements, the connecting elements can be made paired. In case of making the connecting element detachable with the introduction of a tension device, it is possible to carry out the preliminary stressing of the shells with an increase in their rigidity. This method of voltage ipocT in the implementation and less time consuming compared with the known. The present invention allows to create a single spatial system that provides the optimal distribution of effort, increasing the rigidity and carrying capacity of the coating. The introduction of connecting elements, which do not allow the contour of the shells to move outwards, eliminates contour torsion, reduces deflection of both the contour elements and the shells relative to the contour, drastically reduces the shearing forces of the shells relative to the contour, as well as longitudinal forces in the contour elements. Technical and economic calculations show that, in view of the presence of these advantages, a certain economic effect from the introduction is achieved, which is approximately 25-30 rubles / cm-D. 1. Invention of buildings and structures, including individual shells with contour elements and light openings located between the contour elements of adjacent shells, differing in that, in order to increase the carrying capacity, the coating is provided with connecting

elements attached to adjacent contour elements at the locations of the light openings.

2. The coating according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting elements are made of composite, and in the places of the connector of each of them a tension device is installed.

: j. The coating is according to G1,2, which is tactile in that the tension devices are made removable, and the connecting elements at the places of the connector are provided with tabs rigidly attached to them.

4. Coating on PP. 2-3 from the fact that the tension devices are displaced relative to the connecting elements.

5. To 1 ry s on PP. 1-4, of tl ich and th nt-- “e with the fact that the connecting elements are made, for example a pair.

Sources of information taken into account in the examination

1. Zigel K. Structure and form in modern architecture, Moscow,

1965. Stroyizdat, p. 237, FIG. 33.

2.Ryule G. Spatial is covered: and, vol. 1, Moscow, 1973., Stroyizdat,

with. 233, fig. 6.5.

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