SU759211A1 - Apparatus for casting ferrochrome ingots - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the production of ferroalloys, and in particular to forms for casting ferrochrome ingots.

A device for casting flat ingots of medium-carbon and carbon ferrochrome is known, in which the flat mold is lined with fireclay bricks and filled with a layer of sand approximately 100 mm thick.

A device for casting ingots, made in the form of a mold with a liner, in which? to prevent the pallet from being eroded by hot alloy, a piece of standard alloy p is placed on the bottom, in the place where the jet of ferrosilicon falls.

Molds with inserts are widely used in the casting of steel ingots. ’

It is also known a device for the manufacture of ingots, including a form with vertical cavities separated by partitions, mounted on a pallet [3].

However, for the manufacture of ingots of 25 ferrochrome, it is not adapted, it is impossible to obtain a dense ingot in it, the specific consumption of molds is high. This device does not allow to mechanize laborious stripping operations.

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ingot and does not exclude the possibility of fragments scattering from cracked ingot.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the working conditions and quality of ingots, as well as reduce the oxidation of the melt jet.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the peripheral cavities are broadened downwards, symmetrically located relative to the 10th central cavity, and from below are communicated over the entire cross section of the common cavity, the insert from ferrochrome is placed against the central cavity, with the glass sprinkler mounted in the latter with a drain hole the upper part of the ne ~ regorodok, and in the corner of the peripheral cavities - brackets for the suspension of ingots.

A nozzle is installed in the drain hole of the glass-bree 20 goplavlivatel, the upper end of which is located above the bottom of the stan-sprigoula, and the ferrochrome liner is provided with steel walls forming a receptacle filled with waste cutting of ferrochrome ingots.

Fig, 1 schematically shows a device for casting ferrochrome ingots, longitudinal section; in fig. 3 ** 30 device, view in plan.

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On the steel pallet 1 there is a steel mold 2, divided by the ver- tical partitions 3 into the peripheral cavities 4 that are wider downwards and are symmetrically located relative to their central 5th cell and communicate with it and among themselves in 5

the lower part of the cavity of the mold 2.

The cavity of the central cell 5. is made without broadening (it has the same cross-section® across its entire height). The central cell is located above the rest and is equipped with a glass spatter b, which is a suspension for the hardened ingot. Glass splash-box insert-. flax inside the cell and is made with aeg’bom of the upper part of two opposite walls to hang at the upper end of the cell. The remaining walls are made below and removed from the walls of the cell, forming with them a gage 20 eor 7, which is necessary for the passage of the melt coming in excess

. into the glass splash guard 6.

The bottom of the glass sprinkler b is permeated with a pipe 8, the diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the hole of the pouring ladle. Between the top of the nozzle .8 and the walls of the glass sprinkler 6 there is a KA container that provides nali-3 (3 chye in the glass cushion during casting.

The liner 9 is located on the pallet under the drain hole of the nozzle 8, coming out of the glass splash guard. 6. 35

B. The upper part of the cavity of four cells 4, symmetrically located A with respect to the axes of the mold and most distant from its central cell, are brackets 10 for peripheral ingots. These brackets are made of 40 rods, with tips of different lengths. In-'

The shorter end of the bracket 10 is the support one and is installed and fixed on the upper end of the cell by means of a hole that corresponds to it.

The device works as follows.

A liner 9 is placed on the pallet 1 in the zone of its central part. Then, the mold 2 assembled with the STANDBENER 6 and the brackets 10 for the suspension of the ingots (glass-drip pan b is also a suspension) is placed on the 5θ pallet 1 and the suspension is prepared for bottling stop (or slide) metal casting ladle with ferrochrome melt. Above the mold 2 with the help of a bridge crane (not shown in the drawing), the metal casting ladle 60 is installed so that its pouring cup is coaxial with the sprinkler cup of the device.

. Molten metal from the ladle is poured into his glass through a glass "65

the catcher 6, which, due to the large ferrostatic pressure in the cavity of the cup, is quickly filled with melt and thereby a liquid cushion is formed in the glass blaster head with a depth from its bottom to the level; mirrors melt in it, which effectively quenches the energy of the feed jet. The high level of the melt B, the glass sprinkler, contributes to the intense surplus of excess heat to the glass sprinkler and reduces the height of the jet falling from the casting ladle, which reduces the trapping of air by the jet and the oxidation of the melt by it. .

Pouring out of the b-glass cup, through the hole in its socket 8, the molten metal overflows the capacity of the liner 9 of the pallets 1 and then quietly through the lower-enclosed 'Part of the cavity of the mold 2 simultaneously fills all its cells according to the principle of communicating vessels.

The filling of the mold is carried out in accordance with the speed established for this grade of ferrochrome, which is ensured by the controlled feeding of the melt from the metal pouring ladle. At the same time, thanks to the glass spatter 6 and liner 9 with it. capacity, new hot portions metal-. la throughout the casting first. They give them their excess heat and then feed them into the cells along the bottom of the mold cavity. .

Therefore, the side walls of the central cell, as well as the peripheral ones, are washed and exposed to heat from that part of the molten metal; which directly fills them (washing of the central cell walls with melt streams filling peripheral cells is practically absent). The spray glass 6 and liner 9 washed during the filling of the mold with all the cast metal accumulate a lot of heat, heat up to welding temperatures, partially melt before the end of the casting, and after it ends almost to the level of the melt mirror, the heat of the crystallizing melt in the central cell of the ingot is almost completely melted .

The elements of the device above the melt level in the mold, in the form of supports of the glass spatter 6 and the brackets of 10 ingots, are not utilized by the melt, but are joined by metallurgical welding to it during solidification in the head part of the adjacent ingots.

Due to the fact that during the hardening, the height of the ingots is significantly reduced, and the device elements reinforced in their head part are supported on the upper ends of the cells, the indicated

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the elements of the device during cooling serve ingots from the pallet, after which the ingots remain; suspended from the mold.

This allows the mold with ingots hardened in it to be removed more quickly, for example, with a Salary Crane, where after complete cooling, the ingots are removed from the device, for which their brackets and glass-support supports of the Gaulavlivatel are cut by oxygen cutting. The cut pieces of staples and supports are used during the next casting as inserts of a glass splash guard and are disposed of with the melt ^ which washes them when filled.

ingot molds. 15

Therefore, the proposed device performs the most time-consuming operation of the separation of ingots from ""

pallet without manual labor and thus reduces the staff of 20 workers, improve working conditions and get a number of other positive effects in part faster and safer ingot cleaning to the warehouse.

The presence in the proposed device 25 is elongated vertically with a widening downwardly communicating in the mold cells with brackets for ingots and a glass spatter eliminates the drawbacks of the design of the known devices.

All this allows one jet to cast at the same time at the same time any odd number, starting with three dense ingots with a good surface ^ the mass of each of which corresponds to the technical requirements of supplying ferrochrome and therefore cannot be cut into pieces, and also elongated Legs of greater mass, the labor-intensiveness of which is small compared to the labor-intensiveness of the cutting of plates molded in 40 flat molds, so that the advanced ingots of the device have a small cross-section and are adjacent to each other with thin jumpers. E.

The elongated shape of the cells of the mold 45 allows you to cast in them elongated ingots, characterized by a higher density of metal.

Due to the fact that the device has structural elements in the Bu * 50 de Stakana-Bryougolavlivatelya from steel and liner with a capacity at the pallet reduces the jet energy, its heat content and, accordingly, the opening effect of the jet on the pallet and _ the mold, this reduces them specific consumption of about 6-7%.

The presence of new elements in the design of the proposed device reduces the labor costs for cleaning and cutting ingots by about three to six times and 60 at the same time improves the quality of commodity pieces of ferrochrome and their presentation.

And this eliminates the need for powerful and expensive presses for cutting. ingots. g

Washing in the process of filling the mold with all the metal to be disposed of Disposal Waste disposed of during the casting of each successive melting completely disposes of all the waste of the previous melting in it, thereby increasing the yield of YEARS by about 5% - the amount of waste return to the smelting in electric furnaces, which is now taking place on ferroalloy: plants in the 'production .. · · ferrochrome ingots.

The device allows to reduce the duration of crystallization of the melt ^ about two times. This is achieved by the fact that in each cell of the device there is only a small mass of ferrochrome melt, which is intensively cooled in it ό five sides. At the same time, receiving the commercial pieces of ferrochrome from the proposed - “The development of ingots of optimal mass is only required to destroy the thin jumpers that exist between the ingots.

 The device makes it possible to 'cast ingots, the labor intensity of which is small, and to obtain commodity pieces of ferrochrome with a good commodity surface.

The design features in the device in the form of brackets for the suspension of the ingots and the widening of the cells of the mold are closed downwards. In the cavity of the mold, ingots cast in the device are such that the breakaway part of the ingot cannot fly out of it, which significantly increases the maintenance of the device.

The economic effect that can be obtained by maximizing the use of the proposed device in the ferroalloy plants of our country is mainly an increase in the production of commodity pieces of ferrochrome by 5%, i.e. about 27119 tons per year, without an increase in the production of flat. strong aggregates, while simultaneously increasing the density of the metal and the quality of the outer surface of the products. ^four

Claims (3)

Claim 1. A device for casting ferrochrome ingots containing a mold with vertical partitions / dividing it into a central and peripheral cavity, a pallet and, placed on it, an insert from ferrochrome of the same chemical composition with foul melt, which is different in order to improve conditions / labor and quality of ingots, peripheral cavities are broadened downwards, symmetrically located Relative to the central cavity * And from the bottom communicated over the entire cross section of the common cavity, the insert From ferrochrome is placed against the central th cavity, while in the center 759211 8 * p8 ”cavity cavity Fits with takai - b times a catcher with a drain hole, suspended from the upper part of the partitions, and in the corner peripheral cavities - brackets for the suspension of ingots. 2. Device by π. 1, in order to reduce the oxidation of the melt jet, c. The spout of the glass sprinkler has a branch pipe, the upper end of which is located above the bottom of this glass. ι 3. The device according to PP. 1 and 2, that is, that the liner HZ ferrochrome is provided with steel walls forming a receiving tank filled with waste cutting of ferrochrome ingots.