SU758661A1 - Method for making composite materials - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to methods for producing composite materials used for products of the electro-radio engineering industry, mechanical engineering using direct and injection molding. five

A method of obtaining fiberglass materials pssss (for example, ORD), including the preparation of a binder, impregnation them with continuous glass fiber, drying and cutting the resulting material into 10 segments of a certain length [1].

Composite materials that are widely known in the USSR and abroad are premixes, the production method of which consists in preparing a multicomponent binder system and impregnating a reinforcing filler with it in the form of pieces of glass fiber [2].

The disadvantages of these methods are the low productivity of the process, 20 low-tech and relatively low physical and mechanical characteristics of the resulting press material.

The closest prototype is a method that includes combining chopped-25 chopped fiberglass with a binder, which is sprayed with nozzles, deposited onto a substrate, compacted and dried [3].

The main disadvantages of this process are the impossibility of regulation 30

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structural parameters of the material obtained, which makes it difficult to optimize the process for obtaining high quality materials.

The aim of the invention is to improve the physico-mechanical characteristics of the material.

This goal is achieved by the fact that before combining with a binder, cut glass fibers are divided into several streams, mainly four, and each of them is exposed to compressed air heated to 60–70 ° C, with a speed ratio equal to 1: (2-3): (3-5): (5-10). Due to this differential effect on the reinforcing filler, it is possible to achieve a more complete combination of the binder with fiberglass, to obtain materials with the necessary structure, thereby improving the quality and stability of the physicomechanical characteristics of the materials obtained. Powdered components are introduced into the composition at the stage of combining cut glass fiber with a binder.

The method of obtaining composite materials is as follows.

Π p η meer. Stekloroving served on chopping devices, from where a 3–10 mm long segment divided into streams, for example, 758661

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measures four, under the influence of compressed air heated to 60 ° C, the mixing zone of the components also falls.

The first stream is fed at a speed of 15 m / s directly from the chopping device. The second, third and fourth streams with speeds equal to 45, 75 and 150 m / s, respectively, pass through a system of diffusers, where the separation of bundles of fiberglass to monofilaments and small aggregates takes place. In the mixing zone of the components, where the temperature is maintained at 60 ° C, a binder is supplied from the nozzles, for example, a P-2M phenol-formaldehyde resin, heated to 80 ° C, the working viscosity of which is 50-60 sec. Due to

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a large contact surface between the binder and the reinforcing filler, and the resulting material is dried immediately. The composite material thus obtained is deposited on a substrate, separated from the air stream and compacted. If necessary, the material can be tabletted or granulated.

Phenol-formaldehyde, polyester, silicone and other types of resins can be used as a binder.

The table shows the properties of the materials obtained by the proposed and known methods.

Name of the indicator A (phenol formaldehyde),% um | P (polyester),% DSV-4-R-2M (phenol formaldehyde) (1), 7o AG-4V (phenol formaldehyde),% PSK-2 (polyester), % one H (polyester),% B (phenol formaldehyde),% C (phenol formaldehyde),% Destructive stress during static bending, kgf / cm ² 2400 + 10 3500 + 10 3300 + 10 1400 + 12 2000 + 20 1400 + 25 800 + 25 740 + 30 Destructive stress under tension, kgf / cm ² 1100 + 10 1850 + 10 2100+ 10 700 + 12 1000 ± 20 800 + 25 350 + 25 320 + 30 Breaking stress in compression, kgf / cm ² 3000 + 7 3100 + 7 3300 + 7 2000 + 10 1150 + 15 1100 + 15 1,100 + 15 900 + 20 Impact strength, kge-cm / cm ² 50 + 10 70 + 10 60 + 10 25 ± 15 50 + 15 40 + 15 20 + 20 15 + 20

Note. A and B - materials on the proposed method on a phenol-formaldehyde binder of the brand Р-2М with a speed ratio of 1: 2: 4: 10 and 1: 2: 3: 5, respectively.

P — material according to the proposed method on a polyester binder PN-40 with the introduction of powdered fillers, with a ratio of speeds (1: 2: 4: 6).

H - material on resin PN-40, obtained according to the technology described in the prototype.

The proposed method allows you to create a high-performance process, to improve working conditions, to obtain materials convenient in processing with high physical and mechanical characteristics.

Claims (2)

Claim 1. A method of obtaining composite materials, including the combination of cut glass fiber with a binder, drying, deposition on a substrate and compaction, characterized in that, in order to improve the physical and mechanical characteristics of materials, before combining with a binder, cut glass fibers are divided into several streams, mainly four, and affect each of them with compressed air heated to 60–70 ° C with a velocity ratio equal to 20 1: (2-3): (3-5): (5-10). 2. The method according to π. 1, characterized in that the powdered components are introduced into the composition at the stage of combining chopped fiberglass with a binder.