SU757749A1 - Turbomachine - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the field of turbine construction.

A turbomachine is known, comprising a housing and a sensor for measuring the radial clearance between the rotor blades and the housing mounted on it, which is connected to the cold and hot air supply system into the internal cavity of the housing [ΐ].

However, the reliability of such a turbomachine is relatively low due to the significant inertia of thermal processes, especially in transient conditions.

Also known is a turbomachine, which is closest to that proposed by a technical entity, comprising a conical case AND a sensor measuring the radial clearance between the rotor blades and the case mounted on it, associated with a signal converter connected to an axial displacement drive [2].

However, the reliability and performance of such a turbomachine remains relatively low due to the possibility of distortions and jamming, which is caused by the unevenness of the temperature field of the hull.

The aim of the invention is to improve the reliability of the turbomachine.

This is achieved by the fact that the turbomachine bus additionally contains a hydrostatic thrust bearing connected to the rotor and serves to drive axial movement, and the converter is made in the form of an electrohydraulic servo-mechanism with a jet turbine and a distribution body having axial movement.

The converter can be equipped with an automatic control unit, and a feedback sensor is mounted on the inner surface of the housing and connected to the converter.

The case is equipped with an ava- sensor. Minimum clearance control, made in the form of at least one protruding into the gap insulated conductor, generating a command signal at its rupture.

FIG. 1 schematically shows a turbocharger with the proposed turbomachines (compressor and turbine), a longitudinal section; in fig. 2 - node I

3

757749

four

in fig. one; in fig. 3 - node II on

FIG. one.

The turbomachine, in particular the compressor, contains a conical body 1 and a sensor 2 mounted thereon measuring the radial clearance between the interfluous rotor blades 3 of the rotor 4 and the body 1 connected to a signal converter 5 connected to an axial displacement drive made in the form of a hydrostatic thrust bearing connected to rotor 4. The converter 5 is made in the form of an electro-hydraulic servo-mechanism with a spring-loaded jet tube 6 connected with an electromagnet 7 and a distribution body 8 having axial displacement. The piston 9 of the servo-mechanism is connected to the finger 10 of the distributor body 8.

The distribution body is made drain and pressure grooves 11, 12 and 13, respectively. The heel 14 of the heel divides the space in the heel body 15 into the cavities 16, 17 connected by channels 18, 19 with the grooves 20, 21. The pressure channel 13 communicates with a pressure oil line 22, to which is connected a channel 23 with a throttle 24 jet tube 6. Transducer 5 equipped with an automatic control command unit 25 and a sighting device 26, and a feedback sensor (not shown) is mounted on the inner surface of the housing 1 and connected to the converter 5.

To protect the blades 3 of the rotor 4 from touching the housing 1 on the last installed sensor 27 emergency control minimum clearance, made in the form of at least one protruding into the gap insulated conductor, generating a command signal when it is broken.

Before the operation of the turbomachine with a non-rotating rotor 4, the rotor 4 is axially displaced by pressing the oil 22 into the line 22 and using the adjustments of the command unit 25 until the blades 3 of the housing 1 touch the moment of contact. Then the rotor 4 is retracted in the reverse direction direction, providing the required gap between the blades, 3 and the body, after which the adjusting elements of the command unit 25 will be fixed. When the turbomachine operates, in case of a deviation of the gap value from the set error signal, it enters the command block 25, where it is amplified and processed and then enters the converter 5. This turns on the electromagnet 7, which deflects the jet tube 6 from the neutral position corresponding to the established gap between the blades 3 and the housing 1. When the tube 6 is deflected, the piston 9 is displaced and

with it, the finger 10 of the distributor body 8. In this case, the pressure groove 13 is combined either with the groove 20 or with the groove 21, and the oil from the main 22 enters either through channel 18 into cavity 16 or through channel 19 into cavity 17, which causes axial movement of the rotor 4 under the action of pressure drop on the heel 14, respectively, to the right and left of the neutral position. The movement of the rotor 4 occurs until the error signal disappears, i.e. until the gap between the blades 3 and the housing 1 reaches the set value.

Improving the reliability of the turbomachine is due to the fact that when the rotor (and not the body) is moved, while regulating the gap between the blades 3 and the body, the possibility of skewing and jamming due to the uneven temperature field of the turbomachine body is precluded.

Claims (3)

Claim 1. A turbomachine comprising a conical housing and a sensor measuring the radial clearance between the rotor blades and the housing mounted on it, connected to a signal converter connected to an axial displacement drive, characterized in that, in order to improve reliability, it additionally contains a hydrostatic thrust joint connected with a rotor and serving as a drive for axial movement, and the converter is made in the form of an electro-hydraulic servo-mechanism with a jet tube and a distribution body having axial movement. 2. Turbomachine on π. 1, characterized in that the converter is equipped with an automatic control command unit, and a feedback sensor is installed on the inner surface of the housing, which is connected to the converter. 3. Turbomachine pop, 1, characterized in that chto0, in order to protect the rotor blades from touching the case, the latter is equipped with an emergency control sensor for the maximum clearance, made in the form of at least one protruding insulated conductor, which generates a command signal when it breaks .