CN1049369C - Sand controller for crude oil well end - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a crude oil well mouth pipe flowing sand remover which comprises a spiral pipeline. A sand discharge port is formed at the end of the spiral pipeline, and a wedge plate is arranged at the junction position of the pipeline and the sand discharge port. The sand remover can directly remove sand from pipelines by the residual energy of oil wells without external driving force, and has the characteristics of simple process, no wearing part and low resistance.

Description

Sand controller for crude oil well end

The present invention relates to a kind of device that is used for removing the crude oil sand grains.

In the oil exploitation process, because flowing to the washing away of oil reservoir of oil gas water three phase mixture is entrained with some sands inevitably in the well product, these sands promptly take ground to the oil gas water three phase mixture.The production of each elephant of east China has at present entered high water-cut development period, because the rising significantly (comprehensive water cut reaches 85～90%) of the water yield, the content of sand is also corresponding in the well product increases.In the oil-gas gathering and transportation process, the existence of sand badly influences the normal operation of each process procedures such as separation, metering, heating, dehydration and the sewerage treatment of oil gas water three phase mixture and equipment.For example, the existence of sand may be stopped up measuring equipment instrument runner, and the accuracy of influence metering is damaged the instrument contact component, very harmful to metrical instrument; Because the existence of sand grains will speed up power part (as pump) and channel bend, the wearing and tearing of valve, corrosion, the efficient and the life-span of reducing equipment, even damage equipment, causes very big harm; In addition, sand also has very big influence and harm to process equipments such as sewerage treatment, closed gathering, heating crude oil, dehydration separation.

For resembling the such crude separation task of crude oil desanding, Technological Economy is all good at present, and effective way remains by means of the density contrast between the gas, liquid, solid three-phase material in the mixture and realizes separating.Wherein the most simply be that the natural subsidence that relies on gravity to carry out is fully separated, this method is very common at present, but separative efficiency is low, and initial outlay is big, and required place, equipment are all very huge.

For improving separative efficiency, the hydrocyclone desanding method has generally been adopted in countries in the world at present, promptly in well, contain sand oil gas aqueous mixtures after breakdown of emulsion and gas-liquid separation, to contain the sand oil water mixture more tangentially sprays at a high speed hydrocyclone and forms the high speed rotary-cut and flow downward, make the bigger sand of density under gravity and action of centrifugal force, get rid of to the hydrocyclone wall and be deposited to the bottom, again sand is got rid of from the bottom.For example the used sand removing process using of U.S. BEST company promptly is this type, and more domestic units are are also researching and developing or improving this sand removing process using.Compare with common gravity natural subsidence type separating technology, hydraulic cyclone desanding method has compact conformation, little, the separative efficiency advantages of higher of floor space.But this technological process complexity, flow resistance are big, have to use booster in the middle of the technological process, utilize pump power to drive the carrier oil aqueous mixtures and realize the high-speed rotational state, can't avoid the infringement of sand to the pump housing, so booster are easy to break down.The loss of easily sending out accident and being caused for booster in the middle of reducing or eliminating in the hydraulic cyclone method, the special multiphase pump of various ways or special material and part are all actively being developed in countries in the world, but the existing mature technology of American-European each advanced country all is a whole set of process equipment integrated equipment to be sold, selling at exorbitant prices, and fundamentally do not address the above problem, the difficulty that still exists some to overcome in the actual motion, thereby be not used widely in China.

To contain the sand oil water mixture in addition in addition and send a container to, chamber wall relies on electronic masterpiece to rotate at a high speed, and the agitator that perhaps installs rotation at a high speed in the container additional drives fluid and forms high-speed rotational to realize the desanding purpose.Its principle features and activities and hydrocyclone desander are similar substantially, have some pluses and minuses of hydraulic cyclone sand removing process using equally, apply still having great difficulty at present in China.

The objective of the invention is to overcome the problem in the existing sand removing process using technology, make heterogeneous mobile basic law from oil, gas, water and sand four phase mixtures at Guan Liuzhong, research and develop out that flow process is simple, no easily worn part, lower resistance, need not to add the desanding device of driving force direct desanding from pipeline by the oil well dump energy.

The present invention includes a spiral pipeline, spiral pipeline one end comprises that one can be connected to the inlet of the gathering line of oil well, and the other end of spiral pipeline disposes a sand export and a no sand oil gas water out.The intersection of spiral pipeline and sand export disposes a key.

Fig. 1 is process structure figure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structure principle chart of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an A-A sectional view of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is that level of the present invention is separated efficiency curve.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing structural principle of the present invention and operating principle are done detailed explanation.

With reference to Fig. 1,2, the present invention includes a spiral pipeline 2, port arrangement one sand export 7 of spiral pipeline 2, pipeline 2 disposes a key 6 with the intersection of sand export 7.In addition, among Fig. 1,2, P is a pressure meter, and T is a thermocouple, and D is the helix tube screw diameter, and DP is a differential pressure, 1,3,5th, and valve, the 4th, no sand oil gas aqueous vapor liquid/gas separator.

With reference to Fig. 3, the established angle θ 1 〉=θ 2 of key 6.

Flow to spiral pipeline 2 of the present invention from oily oil-feed air water sand mixture by valve 1, mixture forms high speed rotary motion under centrifugal action, and form by density descending from spiral pipeline 2 outsides to the inside phase-splitting laminar flow gradually.Sand is about to most of sands and sends into sand export 7 easily and efficiently because of its density is much higher than adherent flowing in gas and near the intensive thin layer a certain partial sidewalls of helix tube (being generally the outside) of profit liquid.

This sand removing process using has still been inherited on principle and has been produced high centrifugal acceleration during the hydrocyclone high speed rotatablely moves, thereby strengthen field force difference that the density contrast because of each phase in the mixture causes and strengthen thought except that sand separation, thereby has an advantage of hydrocyclone, and in this technological process, the realization of mixture high speed rotary motion is before gas-liquid separation, utilize the oil well dump energy, taking effect by the volume of a large amount of high velocity airs makes liquid phase (oil water mixture) and sand form flow at high speed, booster drives liquid (oil water mixture) and sand realization flow at high speed in the middle of needn't introducing, and has avoided the many insoluble problem of being brought because of booster in the middle of using; On the other hand, directly desanding from the mixture gathering line does not need additional other any gas-liquid preseparator again in the sand removing process using flow process, and liquid storage and buffer device, has both reduced the real beginning investment of process equipment, makes process simplification again.Flow resistance and other loss also can reduce to minimum; And whole sand removing process using only needs to install a screw type desanding pipeline section additional on former gathering line, and the rebuilding construction amount is also little, and simple in structure, easy to process.Compare with hydrocyclone, its flow resistance reduces (only being its several branches and even ten numbers/) greatly, and flow process is simple, easy to operate, no special installation and parts, operating cost are extremely low, initial outlay reduces greatly, we can say to be fit to very much field produces reality, and be optimal sand removing process using.

Same desanding method and structure, sand grains to different-grain diameter has different separative efficiency (stage efficiency), and the size distribution of charging sand grains has determined total separative efficiency (promptly removing sand coarse aggregate ratio) to a great extent, in addition, be subjected to the influence of sand export lifting rate, finishing the sand grains that can separate entirely from the desander method and structure not necessarily is separated, this just selects the structure of best sand export and the problem of arrangement, with the principle and the process of desander whether be what it doesn't matter correctly and rationally.The desanding stage efficiency that draws desander by contrast desander import size distribution and the size distribution of removing out sand grains is a kind of method more accurately.

Accompanying drawing 4 is in test desander grade separating efficiency curves of apparatus of the present invention.

Can be regarded as from size distribution and grade separating efficiency curve, using sand controller for crude oil well end of the present invention is 92.39% to the total efficiency of separation of the above sand grains of 74 μ m.

Claims (2)

1. sand controller for crude oil well end is characterized in that comprising a spiral pipeline (2), and spiral pipeline (2) one ends comprise that one can be connected to the inlet of the gathering line of oil well, and the other end of spiral pipeline 2 disposes a sand export (7) and a no sand oil gas water out.

2. sand controller for crude oil well end according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said pipeline (2) disposes a key (6) with the intersection of sand export (7).

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