SU750055A2 - E.i.ryzhov's percussive-action pneumatic machine - Google Patents

Description

(54) PNEUMATIC SHOCK ACTION MACHINE

E. I. Ryzhova

one

The invention relates to pneumatic percussion machines and can be used in the mining and metallurgical industries.

From the main auth. St. No. 456897 a pneumatic percussion machine is known that includes a barrel inside which the hammer moves under the action of compressed air coming from the supply line into the working cavities through an air-distributing device with a valve, air supply and command channels located inside the barrel, a spool with a groove, an air exhaust channel , exhaust ports and throttling slots between the valve's working areas and the air supply channels of the air distribution device.

This mask is the closest to the technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed one.

The disadvantages of this machine include a relatively high level during operation and increased energy consumption.

This is due to the fact that due to the high value of the exhaust pressure during the forward stroke of the striker, the transfer of the air distribution valve (for the return stroke) is drawn in, and the network air through the forward passage channel, the rear cavity and exhaust openings are emitted into the atmosphere, which G1 leads to his m rub.

At the same time, the aerodynamic noise of the exhaust jet arising due to throttling of the air flow in the air distribution device and exhaust ports exceeds sanitary standards, which in turn requires the development of special means (silencers) that increase the size of the machine.

The aim of the invention is to reduce noise and energy consumption.

This is achieved by the fact that the valve of the air-distributing device is installed on the rod and is connected through it with elastic elements that are mounted in the housing of the air-distributing device, while the elastic elements can be a diaphragm and a spring that are installed on the valve stem.

20 the barrel can be made chamber in which is placed a spring-loaded additional spool, while part of the chamber above the spool is communicated with the rear cavity

machine and the camera, which is formed by the housing of the air-distributing device and the membrane, and the other part of the chamber under the valve communicates with the front cavity of the machine.

The drawing is a schematic diagram of the proposed machine.

The machine includes a barrel 1, a working tool 2, an air distribution device consisting of a housing 3 with a lid 4, chambers 5 and 6 and 7 and channels 8, 9 and 10, a valve 11 mounted on the rod 12, elastic elements: a membrane 13 and pru: zhinu. squeeze 14.

The working surfaces of the valve 11, canal: la 8 and chambers 5 form throttled: shells 15 and 16. The chamber 6 of the air distribution unit is connected by a command channel 17 to the chamber 18, into which an additional spool 19 with a spring 20 is placed. air inlet 22 and air inlet 23 are made. The drummer 21 has a front cavity 24 and a rear cavity 25 with a barrel 1. To control the compressed air, the cavity 24 is connected by a command channel 26 with a part of chamber 18 under spool 19, and a part of chamber 18 with spool 19 communicates with chamber 6 and through, command channel 27 with a cavity 25. In the air outlet, channel 23, communicated with cavities 24 and 25, exhaust pipes 28, 29 and command channels 30.31, spool 32 is located. The exhaust window 33 serves for exhaust air discharge to the atmosphere.

Dashina works as follows. Compressed air enters through channel 9 through throttling gpel 15, channel 8 and throttling 16, chambers 5, channels 10 and 22 in cavities 25 and 24, respectively. Due to the fact that the aerodynamic resistance of the airway in the cavity 24 is greater than in the cavity 25, the valve 11 overcomes the elastic resistance of the spring 14 and the membrane 13 (elastic elements) by means of the rod 12 and moves downwards and blocks the access of air into the cavity 25.

Under the action of compressed air entering the cavity 24, the drummer 21 and the slide valve 32 start upward movement. With this, the exhaust channel 23 closes, and the exhaust channel 29 opens and the air from the cavity 25 through the air outlet channel 23 and the exhaust window 33 is forced into the atmosphere.

As soon as the impactor 21 opens the command channel 26, the additional dimming gold 19, overcoming the resistance of the spring 20, moves up and closes the command channel 27 connecting the cavity 25 with the chamber 6.

To the beginning open. Under the action of the pressure of the compressed air transmitted through the channel 8 and the forces of the elastic elements 13 and 14, the hammer 11 of the clap channel 29 is pushed to the upper position so that the chamber 5 cannot communicate freely with the channel 9 through the throttling gap 16. Fulfill condition: F (Pnx - APox) -Sox-P6Snx (ib (1)

where R: ,, K. and RV

- air pressure in the cavity 24 and 25 during the return stroke of the striker to the beginning of the opening of the exhaust channel 29;

A pox

loss of pressure from return channels 10 and 22; Sox and St) x (0 valve sites 11 from the throttling slots 15 and 16;

F is the total force of elastic elements 13 Pf 14 (due to small deformations of elastic elements, almost F const.

After the transfer of the valve 11 compressed air through the channel 9 through the throttling slot 15 and the channel 8 enters the cavity 25, acting on the drummer 21 from above. From the moment the drummer 21 opens the exhaust channel 29, the air from the cavity 24 is emitted into the atmosphere and the pressure in it starts to drop sharply, and in the cavity 25 it approaches its maximum value.

The spool 19 moves by the action of the spring 20 downwards and the command channel 27 is open, and the hammer 21 stops upward movement under the action of compressed air and the forward stroke begins.

As soon as the impactor 2 passes the command channel 31, air from the cavity 25 enters the air outlet channel 23. Under the action of compressed air, the spool 32 occupies the lower position and the exhaust channel 29 closes and the exhaust port 28 opens. Moving down, the firing pin 21 closes the exhaust channel 28 and the command channel 26 and the air in the cavity 24 is compressed.

Prior to opening the exhaust channel 28, the impactor 21 opens the command channel 27 and the compressed air through the chamber 18, to which the command channel 17 enters the chamber 6 above the membrane 13. Compressed air, acting on the membrane 13, neutralizes the action of the forces of the elastic elements 13 and 14 Preventing valve 11 from moving downwards.

By the beginning of the opening of the exhaust channel 28, the valve 11 is moved to the lower position by the pressure of the compressed air transmitted through the channels 22 and 10 so that the cavity 25 through the channel 8 and the throttling gap cannot communicate with the channel 9.

To do this, you must fulfill the condition:

R PH-Zokh-VK-5 x (0+ VK-8g "(g,), (2)

where Snx (2) is the working area of the membrane (additional working area of the valve 11 on the side of the throttling gap 15);

 - air pressure in the cavity 25 and 24 before the opening of the exhaust channel 28.

After valve 11 is transferred, compressed air through channel 9, through throttling slot 16, channels 10 and 22 enters cavity 25. With the opening of exhaust channel 28, air from cavity 25 is emitted into the atmosphere and the pressure in it sharply decreases, and in cavity 24 approaches its maximum value. Under the action of compressed air, the slide valve 32 moves to its upper position. After striking the shank of tool 2, the cycle is repeated.

Claims (3)

1. Pneumatic shock percussion machine for auth. St. No. 456897, characterized in that, in order to reduce shum and consumption the energy carrier, the valve of the air-distributing device is installed on the brush and is connected through it with elastic elements that are mounted in the housing of the air-distributing device. 2.Mashchina under item 1, characterized in that the elastic elements are diaphragm and spring mounted on valve stem. 3. Maschina on PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that a barrel is made in the barrel in which a spring-loaded additional spool is housed, with a part of the chamber above the slide plate communicating with the back cavity of the mashina and the chamber which is formed by the air distributor body and the membrane, and the other part of the chamber below the spool with front cavity maschina.