SU746172A1 - Apparatus for determining geometric characteristics of vegetation cover - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to measuring equipment and can be used in agriculture to measure the characteristics of the geometric structure of the vegetation cover (total leaf area per unit area of soil and leaf orientation, distribution of the area of the slope of the leaf surface in space), as well as the static characteristics of the radiation field in the vegetation cover .

A device is known for studying the geometric structure of grass stands to determine the degree of coverage of the earth's surface with vegetation [1]. In these devices, the main details that provide information about the studied vegetation cover are needles, piercing leaves and stems of plants.

Closest to the invention in technical essence is a device for determining the geometric characteristics of the vegetation cover, containing a tripod adjustable in height and angle, a guide plate mounted thereon and needles for piercing the vegetation cover [2].

The disadvantage of this device is the high complexity of the selection of static phytometric data, since the number and presence of contacts are determined visually.

The aim of the invention is to increase productivity in determining the characteristics of vegetation.

This goal is achieved in that the device is equipped with a needle moving unit, a power source and a pulse counter connected between the ends of the needles and the power source, the needles are made electrically conductive with an insulating side surface and an electrically conductive surface of the tip. In addition, the node moving the needles is made in the form of two elastic friction rollers with a drive, and the needles are placed between the rollers.

The drawing shows a schematic diagram of the proposed device.

The device contains needles G that rest on a guide plate 2 mounted on a tripod 3, which allows you to adjust the height and angle of inclination of the guide plate 2. To the plate 2 are attached two 3,746,172 elastic rollers 4 pressed against each other, which are equipped with a drive 5 and can frictionally rotate around its axes. The needles 1 have an electrical insulating side surface and an electrically conductive surface of the tip and are located between the rollers 4. The needles 1 are connected to the inputs of the counter 6 of electrical pulses. One pole of the voltage source 7 is connected. with a tap 6, and the other pole is grounded. The counter 6 has a first stage in the form of an amplifier-1 shaper (not shown in the drawing).

The device operates as follows. The meter is installed in the vegetation cover at a certain height Z and at a certain angle V needles 1 to the vertical. One of the j poles of the voltage source 7 is grounded. The drive 5 is started for a predetermined time interval, the rollers 4 are rotated, which jerkily move the needles 1 to a certain distance. In this case, the investigated race. A thick cover is pierced by needles 1 in a predetermined direction and to a predetermined depth. At each Puncture in the chain, the tip of the needle 1 - counter 6 - source 7 - earth - plant generates an electrical impulse, which is recorded by counter 6. At this current pulse in the circuit, the power source - needle - plant is normalized in the amplifier-former, which is the first cascade of the counter. All pulses are summed, which gives the total number of contacts of needles with individual organs of plants. After each start, the needles return to their original position and are ready for the next action.

By piercing the vegetation cover in this way at different heights and at different angles, one obtains the number of contacts in separate layers, from which the static characteristics of the vegetation cover are calculated.

So, for example, by piercing the vegetation with needles at various angles v, defined. add the number of contacts in separate layers according to the formula

V (z, v)

ΔΝ f-m-n '(О where ΔΝ is the total number of contacts of needles with plant leaves at η starts of needles;

(2) *

I = ΔΖ / cosv is the length of the needle launch path; pl - the number of needles in the device, find the effective density of the sheet surface ..

Integrating this function by v separately in each layer, one finds the vertical distribution of the leaf surface;

7g / 2

U (Z) = J v (Z, v) dv

ABOUT

The proposed device allows you to quickly obtain source data for finding various phytometric characteristics of the vegetation cover without destroying plants. The determined characteristics play an important role in studying the architectonics and radiation regime of the vegetation cover.

Claims (2)

The invention relates to a measuring technique and can be used in agriculture to measure the characteristics of the geometric structure of vegetation cover (total leaf area per unit of soil area and leaf orientation, the distribution of leaf surface tilt angle areas in space), as well as the static characteristics of a radiation field in a plant cover. It is known a device for studying the 1-eometric structure of grass stands to determine the extent of ground cover by vegetation 1. In these devices, the main details providing information on the vegetation under study are needles, piercing leaves and plant stems. The closest to the invention according to technical An entity is a device for determining the geometrical characteristics of vegetation cover, containing a height-adjustable An adapter plate and needles for perforation of vegetation cover 2. A disadvantage of this device is the large laboriousness of selecting static phytometric data, since the number and presence of contacts is determined visually. The aim of the invention is to increase productivity in determining the characteristics of vegetation cover. This goal is achieved by the fact that the device is equipped with a needle movement unit, a power source and a pulse counter connected between the needle ends and the power source, the needles are electrically conductive with an electrical insulating side surface and an electrically conductive edge. In addition, the needle transfer unit is made in the form of two elastic friction rollers with a drive, and the needles are placed between the rollers. The drawing shows a schematic diagram of the proposed device. The device contains needles G, which rest on the guide plate 2 mounted on a tripod 3, which allows you to adjust the height and angle of inclination of the guide plate 2. Attaching two elastic rollers 4 attached to the plate 2, which are equipped with an actuator 5 and can clutch but rotate around their axes. Needles 1 have an electrically insulating side surface and an electrically conducting surface of the tips are located between the rollers 4. Needles I are connected to the inputs of the counter 6 electrical impulses. The source pole of the voltage source 7 is connected by a stekter 6, and the other pole is grounded. Score 6 has a first cascade in the vnde amplifier shaper (not shown in the drawing). The device works as follows. The meter is installed in the vegetation cover at a certain location 2 and at a certain angle / needles 1 to the vertical. One of the poles of the voltage source 7 is grounded. The actuator 5 is started for a predetermined time interval, the rollers 4 are rotated, which jerk Move the needles I for a certain distance. At the same time, the studied vegetation cover is punctured by needles in a given direction and to a predetermined depth. At each Puncture in the chain, the needle point 1 - counter 6 source 7 - ground - plant produces an electrical impulse, which is regastrated by counter 6. At this current in the circuit, the power source - needle - plant normalizes in the amplifier forming the first counter stage. . All pulses are summed, which gives the total number of needle contacts with individual plant organs. After each launch, the needles return to their original position and are ready for the next action. Piercing in such a way the vegetation cover at different heights and at different angles, get the number of contacts in separate layers, which are determined by the static xiaperiodics of vegetation cover. So, for example, piercing the vegetation cover with needles at different angles v, defined. the number of short coats in separate layers is given by the formula AN, V (Z, V) f - „/ (1) where AN is the total number of needles in contact with the leaves of plants during needle launches; 2 I AZ / cosv - the length of the needle triggering path; m is the number of needles in the device, find the effective density of the leaf surface. Integra this function by v separately in each layer, find the vertical distribution of the leaf surface; f and (Z) J V (Z, v) dv (2) The proposed device allows one to quickly obtain baseline data for finding the various phytometric characteristics of the vegetation cover without destroying the plants. The determined characteristics play an important role in the architectonics and radiation regime of vegetation. Claim 1. A device for determining the geometrical characteristics of a growing cover, containing a height-adjustable and inclined angle of the shtativ, a guide plate mounted on it and needles for puncturing the growing cover, characterized in that it is designed to determine the characteristics of the vegetable cover. equipped with a needle transfer unit, a power source and a pulse counter connected between the ends of the needles and the power source; the needles are electrically conductive with Insulated side surface of the spike. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the needle displacement assembly is made in the form of two elastic friction rollers with a drive, and the needles are placed between the rollers. Sources of information taken into account in the examination of 1.Ross Yu.K. Radiation regime and architectonics of vegetation. L., Gidrometeoizdat, 1975, p. 47-50. 2.Phillip J. R, The distribution of foliage density with foliage augle estimate frau Cncltned point guadrat observatious. - Australian J of Botany, 1965, vol 13, no. 2. p, 357-366.