SU744525A1 - Pulsed dc voltage stabilizer - Google Patents

Description

A NOM transistor, between the first base of which and the emitter is connected to the first resistor, between the emitter and the second base is the co-sensor, when this base of the single-transistor transistor is connected through the second resistor to the power supply of the strobe generator, and a transition is connected to the second resistor through the differentiating RC-chain the base is an emtiter of a matching transistor, the collector of which is connected to the output of the reference and source.

Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a DC voltage regulator.

Between its {input and output, successively transition emitter-collector of key transistor 1, filter 2, consisting of droplets 3, capacitor 4 and damper diode 5, converter 6, with square voltage generator 7 and transformer 8 and ripper 9. The square voltage generator 7 is a trigger with a counting input connected to the additional winding 10 drossel 3 filter 2.,

The emitter-base transition of the key transistor 1 is connected to the output of a neural-impulse modulator 11, one input of which through a resistor 12 is connected to a source of the reference voltage 13, in this case consisting of nz series-connected resistors 14 and a zener diode 15, and the second input is connected to the generator output a sawtooth voltage 16, consisting of a series of (from an output to the output) capacitor 17, an output of an oht Mocta 18 n resistor 19. reHepiaTopa a sawtooth voltage of an IYO switch to the winding 20 of a transformer 8. In the setting generator The torus 21, which is a strobe pulse generator, is connected between one of the bases of the single junction tripping of the torus 22 and its emitter and has an on resistor 23, and between eMitter and the second base of the single junction transistor is connected to (n-1 the decoder 24. The bases of the single junction transformer are connected to the input terminals of the 11it1ny source. Resistor 25 bdy6v | ёМённоДДДКл1ччен to the output of the generator of the gate strobe pulse, which. through the differentiating KS-Tsepochka 26, made on the capacitor 27 and the resistor 28, connected to the base-emitTejp transition of the matching transistor 29. The collector-emitter transition of this transistor is connected in parallel to the reference input of the pulse-width modulator 11 connected through resistor 12 to the output and reference ground 13.

FIG. 2 shows the diagrams of characteristic points of the scheme of the proposed pulsed stabilizer, where 30 are the output pulses of master oscillator 21; 31-

the reference voltage at the reference input of the pulse-width modulator 11; 32 —the voltage at the output of the key transistor 1 (at the common point of its collector and filter 2) at the time of starting up to the moment when the output voltage of the key stabilized power supply, increase after wc, has not yet reached its nominal value; 33 — sync pulses removed from the auxiliary winding 10 for synchronizing the generator 7 at the time of starting the power source; 34 shows the voltage of the generator 7 between its two symmetrical outlets; The 35-output voltage of the sawtooth generator 16 is set: with mode; 36 is a reference voltage superimposed on the sawtooth voltage of the generator 16; 37 - the voltage at the output of the key transistor in steady state.

Upon delivery to the primary network stabilizer, the key transistor 1 is opened, and the charge of the capacitor 4 of the filter 2 through the transistor 1 and the inductor 3 starts. At the same time, the voltage source 13 and the master oscillator 21 start working.

The output pulses of the master oscillator 21 (see diagram 30 in Fig. 2), via differentiated chain 26, arrive at the base-emitter transition of the transistor 29, opening it for the duration of the pulse on the transition. Since the collector-emitter junction of this transistor is connected to the reference input of the pulse-width modulator. 11 to which the output of the source of the reference voltage 13 is connected through a resistor 12, then the reference voltage removed from the stabliter 15, at the input of the wider-modulator, the modulator will have a VID, represented by the diagram 31 of FIG. 2, i.e. The timing of the strobe-pulse setting of the generator 21 of the voltage at the reference input of the pulse-width modulator will disappear (the presence of this voltage corresponds to a negative level of the | | primary network), and since there is no the reference voltage at the input of the pulse-width modulator will always be closed and the key transistor, then the pulses on the collector of the transistor (relative to the bus “- primary network) have the form shown by epYura 32 of FIG. 2. Since when the transistor 1 is closed, the capacitor 4 of the fi ltra 2 through the choke 3 and the damper diode 5 discharges, then for the time of the closed state of the resistor 1 on the winding 10 of the throttles 3, an impulse occurs (see Fig. 2, plot 33), which enters to the counting input of the generator (trigger) 7, as a result of which it is transferred each time every time the next pulse arrives (see plot 34 in Fig. 2). The amplitude of the pulses on the additional winding of the throttles, starting from the moment the source of the power is turned on and until the operating mode of the power source is established, increases exponentially (due to the increase in the capacitor 4 in the same way). Therefore, trigger 7 can start working not with the first pulse, if its amplitude is insufficient for trigger synchronization, but with any subsequent one. A trigger can be synchronized directly from the collector of a key transistor I. The choice of a specific synchronization option — from the additional winding of the chokes or directly from the key transistor — is determined by how convenient it is to match the input of the trigger used with the clock source, based on the required polarity full hooter. The rectangular voltage of the trigger 7 excites the voltage converter 6, the output voltage of which, also rectangular, is fed to the rectifier 9 and then to the output of the power source. In all possible embodiments of voltage converter 6, when the primary winding of the transformer 8 is connected to the square voltage generator 7 directly or if more output power is required, a power amplifier is installed between the square voltage generator 7 and transformer 8. This converter, as in all known key power sources that have a converter, when changing the semi-periods of the rectangular voltage generator 7 commutes the output voltage of the filter to the various windings (half-windings) of the transformer 8, turning it on the secondary windings into an alternating current voltage. The voltage obtained from one secondary winding and the voltage Vypr is straightened; heme 9 is fed to the output of the stabilizer, i.e. the load.

During operation of the voltage transformer 6, a voltage is generated across the voltage / and on the winding 20 of the transformer 8. This can be either a transformer winding, ON-O, between a square voltage generator (power amplifier) and a vertical windmill, and an output winding transf ormator transducer development ky. B. In the first case, the feedback to the pulse width modulator will be carried out from the winding of the output transformer of the voltage converter, in the second case, directly from the output of the stabilizer. When switching on the power supply, the voltage across the winding 20: on the winding 20 will imposes the operation of the sawtooth generator 16, and 1mpuls of the sawtooth voltage will appear on the resistor 19 (see epyur 35 in Fig. 2). When comparing this voltage: life with the reference voltage in the pulse-width pulse II, the control pulses of the key transistor are generated: the times when the saw voltage exceeds the reference voltage, cootBeTCTByeT over the closed state of the key transistor and, conversely, the times when the “saw” voltage is less than the reference voltage corresponds to the open condition of the key

transistor. For consistency, plot 35 (Fig. 2) is superimposed on a reference voltage — plot 36 — on which there are also dips characteristic of the Proposed stabilizer (negative reference

the voltage drops to zero) due to the operation of the matching transistor 29 connected to the strobe pulse generator 21. So as the voltage rises

8WAYING OF THE stabilizer starts increasing the amplitude of the voltage of the saw and changing the duty cycle of the key transistor, which is controlled from the side of the pulse-width modulator so that

the voltage at the output of the stabilizer was established, and then maintained at a given level. From this moment begins the stabilization of the output voltage of the stabilizer, during which at

changing the magnitude of the primary network voltage or load current automatically changes the duty cycle (width) of the pulses of the key transistor (see plot 37 in Fig. 2), i.e. that time (relative to the closing moment of the key transistor) changes will open; after a pause in the current through this transistor. But for any duty cycle of the key transistor, the closing moments of this transistor do not depend on the stabilization dynamics and strictly coincide With the generation of strobe pulses by the master oscillator 21, since each eiro pulse causes a failure

reference voltage, closing the key transistor, transferring the trigger, relaxation, sawtooth generator (when the voltage of the saw very quickly lowers its maximum value and then slowly decreases), and with a high voltage value of the saw the first line corresponds to the current pause through the key transistor. Therefore, just like the master oscillator of the prototype, the trigger of the stabilizer operates independently of the magnitude of the mains voltage and the load current: the flip-flop of the trigger always occurs synchronously with the strobe pulses of the master oscillator and the leading edge of the pulse

voltage on the voltage of the key transistor when it is closed, regardless of the duration of the pause of the passage of current through it: Minor (when the stabilizer starts, when it is determined by the duration of the strobe-pulse) or prod.

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744525. , - u, d, -, l ---. h. - «-1 --- - - sii; ib ;: - Гj; ; K. volyu vzavis1Gy9s-p5 from the dynamics of the Stabilizer after its launch. If necessary, the stabilization coefficient can be increased by switching to the pulse-width modulator of the direct compensating link from the additional winding of the filter throttle. In this case, the throttle can Two additional windings: one for trigger synchronization; and the other for the direct compensating link circuit. From the stated principle of operation (of the implied Stabilizer, it follows that the pulses of the master strobe generator at the JS-pulse of the pulse-pulse module; ra and the key transistor of the PRODB T hell are these nodes and synchronize the trigger, therefore, if there is a failure of the pilot. due to the iBp 0 of the transistor or the interruption of any of its electrodes, the impulse on the additional coupling transistor, as well as at the output of the cool- erym resistor, will disappear and the synchronization will stop. As a result, the voltage converter 6 will stop working, and the transfer of energy to the secondary windings, and therefore to the output of the source VDRGs ° C, will cease.When the key is broken, the voltage will rise at the output of the filter, increasing to the level of the voltage of the primary nets, but since the | forge generator nfuyuy immediately zaYo restyat work, the voltage at the input of the thrasher will drop to zero, which will prevent the oversized voltage at the output of the stabilizer, and meanwhile the damage will be reduced. When the stabilizer is switched off, the master oscillator will immediately stop working and its strobe pulses will no longer be received by the 21st pulse-width modulator, as a result of which, as is clear from the above, the trigger will stop and the energy transfer from the filter capacitor to the load will stop. This ensures a rapid decrease in voltage at the output of the stabilizer, regardless of the value of EE-gerg accumulated by the filter's sensor-capacitor. Similarly, the Tfiji will quickly disappear the output of the stabilizer during the breakdown of the key transistor due to the slow trigger stop. ....: - - -.; - ;; a- .. An additional advantage for the claim. It is easy to implement a distancion control of one's vs switching on and off without disconnecting the supply voltage of the | | primary network. To do this, it is enough to break the oscillator of the master oscillator, depriving it of the supply voltage or from: the gate pulses from the matching transistor 29, the circuit is short-circuited by the external circuits of the remote control. Eg resistor 28, installed pa .SAij, .., -

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Claims (3)

8 parallel to the transition base - emitter of the matching transistor. These and other possible types of remote control of stabilization: mashing are based on the principle of such a change in the state of CJteMU, liptyKbtopOM, the pulses at the output of the key transistor will disappear. The specific type of control is chosen on the basis of the condition that the nodes are most convenient for matching the stabilizer with the remote element; management From the output of the proposed stabilizer, as well as from the output of many; Of the known analogue devices, it is not only the direct voltage, but also the alternating square wave, the frequency of which is equal to the frequency of the voltage converter. In this case, the load is connected directly to one of the secondary windings of the transformer of the voltage converter.:,; . . Claims I. Impulse DC voltage regulator containing a key transistor connected in series between input and output terminals, LCD filter, DC voltage converter with rectangular voltage generator and output transformer, the input of which is connected to the output of a smoothing filter T ) a, rectifier, the input of which is com: 1 is connected with the secondary winding of the output transformer, and the output is with- you; terminal, a pulse-width modulator connected in a stroke. with the control input of the key transistor, the sawtooth generator, the input of which is connected to the additional winding of the transformer, and the output to the first input of the pulse-width modulator, the second input of which is connected to the output of the source of the reference voltage, excluding the fact that , in order to prevent the increase of its output voltage during the breakdown of the key transistor without the use of a protective device, as a rectangular voltage generator of a constant voltage converter; Use a trigger with an account connected to the secondary winding of the smoothing filter. . 2. A stabilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to reduce the time. the output voltage decays when the power is turned off, additionally, the strobe pulse generator is connected across the circuits connected to the external terminals, and the generator output is connected to the second output of the Pulse-width modulator. 3. Stabilizer software. 1 and 2, characterized in that the strobe pulse generator is made on a single junction transistor, between the first base of which and the emitter is connected a first resistor, between the emitter and the second base is a capacitor, while the single junction bases of the transistor are connected to the generator strobe - im744525 ten pulses, and parallel to the second resistor, a base-emitter of a matching transistor is connected through a differentiated RC-chain, the collector of which is connected to the output of the reference voltage source. one