SU733840A1 - Air distributing apparatus for pneumatic hammer - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the field of processing materials by pressure, as well as to forging and stamping equipment drives.

Known air distribution device of a pneumatic hammer containing a compressor cylinder with a piston and a drive and an air collector connected to the cavities of the working cylinder through control valves and check valves [1].

A disadvantage of the known air-distributing device is that on hammer operating modes, single strikes and holding the woman on weight after the piston compresses the air in the upper and lower cavities of the compressor cylinder and feeds it through the check valves into the air intake, with the piston returning, due to the sharply increasing volume and absence air suction, a significant rarefaction occurs in the compressor cavities, which is harmful under these operating conditions, since it is not used in these operating modes and leads to the consumption by the motor of the drive from the network of additional energy.

The aim of the invention is to reduce energy consumption when operating in the 'Ed and -,, night shocks and' keeping the woman on weight by reducing the power consumed from the network by the drive motor.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in the known air-distributing device of a pneumatic hammer containing a compressor cylinder with a piston and a drive and an air collector connected to the cavities of the working cylinder through control valves and check valves, the cavities of the compressor cylinder are connected through the control valves and suction valves to the atmosphere.

In FIG. 1 shows the proposed air distribution device;

in FIG. 2 — section A — A in FIG. 1; in FIG. 3 - pneumatic diagram of air—:

distributor.

The compressor cylinder 1 is divided by a piston 2, driven by a crank mechanism 3 on the upper B and lower C cavity.

The working cylinder 4 is divided by the piston 5 of the woman 5 into the upper cavity G and the lower cavity D.

The air distribution device comprises an upper control valve with two working sections 6 and 6 ^G and a lower valve with sections 7 and 7 ¹ , which connect the cavities B and C of the compressor cylinder 1 with the cavities G and D of the working cylinder 4 through check valves 8 and 9 , air collector 10 and channels 11-17. ^fifteen

The suction valve 18 is connected through the channels 15, 11 and the cross section of the valve 6 with the upper cavity B of the compressor qi. lindra 1, and through channel 19 - with the atmosphere. 20

The suction valve 20 is connected through the channels 16, 12 and the cross section 7 of the valve with the lower cavity B of the compressor cylinder 1, and through the channel 21 to the atmosphere. ²⁵

An atmospheric valve 22 connected to the cavities B and C of the compressor cylinder 1 through sections 6, 7 of the valves and channels 15, 16, 11 and 12 provides the hammer in idle operation, ³⁰ connecting these cavities through the channel 19 to the atmosphere in this mode.

In operation, the hammer mode is automatically blows compressed air when the piston moves from the cavities B and compressor ³⁵ in weed cylinder 1 through the channels 11 and 12, the sections 6, 7 channels and valves 13 and 14 are alternately fed into the cavity D and E of the working cylinder 4, however, for one revolution of the crank shaft, ⁴⁰ one blow is applied.

When the hammer is operating in the Single impact and Holding rams modes, the compressed air during the compressor piston up and down moves from ⁴⁵ cavities B and C of compressor cylinder 1 through channels 11 and 12, sections 6 and 7 of the valves, channels 15 and 16 through check valves 8 and 9, channel 17 to the air collector 10 and further, in the mode ^ 'Single ⁵⁰ strokes through channel 17, section 6 * of the valve and channel 13 to the upper cavity G of the working cylinder 4, while the lower cavity D is connected through channel 14 and section 7 * crane with atmosphere. In this case, the woman ⁵⁵ 5 makes a single blow and remains forged.

When working in the mode of keeping the woman on weight, air enters from the air collector 10 through the cross-section 7 ^{f of the} valve and channel 14 into the lower cavity D of the working cylinder 4, while the upper cavity G is connected through the channel 13 and section 6 ^{1 of the} valve to the atmosphere. At the same time, the woman is lifted and kept on weight. When the compressor piston moves downward through the suction valve 18, cross-section 6 of the valve and channels 15 and 11, air is sucked in from the atmosphere (channel 19) into the upper cavity B of the compressor cylinder 1 from the moment vacuum develops in this cavity. When the compressor piston moves upward, through the suction valve 20, cross-section 7 of the valve and channels 16 and 12, air is sucked in from the atmosphere. (From channel 21) into the lower cavity B of the compressor cylinder 1 from the moment a vacuum occurs in it.

Testing an experimental sample of a hammer with a mass of falling parts of 400 kg with the proposed air distribution system showed that the use of suction valves made it possible to work on. Modes Single Impacts and Holding the woman on weight to reduce in the cavities of the compressor cylinder; The maximum vacuum from - 0.6 ati to a vacuum from - 0.15 ati to - 0.2 ati, while the power consumed by the engine from the mains decreased over a nickel from 46 kW to 38 kW, and the engine operation on a crank shaft per cycle decreased from 1480-1500 kgm to '1250-1290 kgm, i.e. at 10-15So.

Claims (1)

The invention relates to the field of oS material handling by pressure, as well as forging equipment drives. A pneumatic hammer air distribution device is known, containing a compressor cylinder with a piston and a drive, and an air collector connected to the cavities of the working cylinder via control valves and reverse valves i. A disadvantage of the known air-distributing device is that on the hammer operation modes, unit punches and holding the woman on aecy after the piston compresses air in the upper and lower cavities of the compressor cylinder and feeds it through check valves to the air collector during piston stroke, due to a sharp increase in volume and the absence of air leaks, a considerable vacuum occurs in the cavity 5 X of the compressor, which under these operating modes is improbable, since it is not used on these operating modes and leads to otrebleniyu drive motor from the network more energy. The aim of the invention is to reduce energy consumption when operating in the Single Impact mode and holding the weight on a woman by reducing the drive motor's power consumed from the network. The goal is achieved by the fact that in a well-known pneumatic hammer air distribution device containing a compressor cylinder with a piston and a drive and an air collector connected to the cavities of the working cylinder through control valves and check valves, the cavities of the compressor cylinder are connected to the atmosphere through the control valves and suction valves. FIG. 1 depicts the proposed air-distributing device; in fig. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 - pneumatic air circuit; distributor The compressor cylinder 1 is divided by a piston 2, driven by a crank drive mechanism 3 into the upper B and lower In the cavity. The working shchindr 4 is divided by the piston of the female 5 into the upper cavity G and the lower cavity D. The air distribution device contains an upper control valve with two working sections 6 and b and a bottom, a research institute crane with sections 7 and which connect cavities B and B of the compressor cylinder 1 to cavities D and D of the working cylinder 4 through non-return valves 8 and 9 , air collector 1O and channels 11-17. The suction valve 18 is connected through channels 15, 11 and the cross section of the crane 6 with the upper cavity B of the compressor cylinder 1, and through channel 19 with the atmosphere. The suction valve 20 is connected through the channels 16, 12 and section 7 of the valve with the lower cavity In the compressor cylinder 1, and through the channel 21 - with the atmosphere. An atmospheric valve 22 connected to cavities B and B of compressor cylinder 1 through sections 6, 7 of cranes and channels 15, 16, 11 and 12 ensures that the hammer operates in the Idle mode mode and connects these cavities through channel 19 to the atmosphere. When the hammer operates in the Automatic blows mode, the air compressed by the piston movement from cavities B and C of the compressor cylinder 1 through channels 11 and 12 of section 6, 7 cranes and channels 13 and 14 alternately enters the cavities D and D of the working cylinder 4, For this, a crank shaft revolution is dealt with one blow. When the hammer operates in Single Impact and Holding on Weight mode, the air compressed during compressor piston up and down travels from cavities B and C of compressor cylinder 1 through channels 11 and 12, sections 6 and 7 cranes, channels 15 and 16 through check valves 8 and 9, channel 17 into the air collector 10 and further, in the Single Impact mode through channel 17, section 1 of the channel and channel 13 into the upper cavity F of the working cylinder 4, while the lower cavity D is connected through channel 14 and section 7 of the valve with the atmosphere . In this case, woman 5 performs a single blow and remains on the forging. When operating in the “Keep on weight” mode, air enters from the air inlet 10 through section 7 of the crane channel 14 into the lower cavity D of the working cylinder 4, while the upper cavity D is connected through channel 13 and section 6 of the crane with the atmosphere. At the same time there is a rise and retention of women in weight. When the compressor piston travels down through the suction valve 18, section 6 of the crane and channels 15 and 11, air is sucked from the atmosphere (channel 19) into the upper cavity B of the compressor cylinder 1 from the moment it occurs in this cavity, a vacuum. When the compressor piston travels upwards through the suction valve 20, section 7 of the valve and channels 16 and 12, air is sucked from the atmosphere (from channel 21) into the lower cavity B of the compressor cylinder 1 from the moment a vacuum occurs in it. Experimental test; the hammer of a hammer with a mass of falling parts of 40 O kg with the proposed air distribution system showed that the use of suction valves made it possible, during operation, to use Single Unit modes and reduce the weight of the compressor cylinder; The maximum rarefaction from - 0.6 ati to the rarefaction from - O, is atti to - 0.2 atm. the power consumed by the engine from the mains decreased in a cycle from 46 kW to 38 kW, and the engine's work on the crank shaft over a cycle from 148О-150О kgm to 1250-1290 kgm, i.e. on 1O-15 o. The invention of the air-distributing device of a pneumatic hammer, contains a compressor cylinder with a piston and a drive and an air collector connected to the cavities of the working cylinder through control valves and check valves, characterized in that in order to reduce energy consumption during operation in Single Impacts and Holding the Worker Mode. weight, it is equipped with suction valves connecting the cavities of the compressor cylinder through the control valves with the atmosphere. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1, USSR Copyright Certificate No. 517383, cl. B 21 T 7 / 2O, 1975.