SU733551A1

SU733551A1 - Method of separate harvesting of agricultural crops

Info

Publication number: SU733551A1
Application number: SU782684138A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Николай Иванович Пантелеев; Анатолий Федорович Омутов; Владимир Владимирович Гавриленко; Дмитрий Георгиевич Перунов; Иван Киреевич Мещеряков; Георгий Викторович Лебедев; Юрий Павлович Радин; Владимир Дмитриевич Антоненко; Александр Эдуардович Акстман
Original assignee: Ростовское Головное Специализированное Конструкторское Бюро По Комплексам Уборочных Сельхозмашин
Priority date: 1978-10-09
Filing date: 1978-10-09
Publication date: 1980-05-15

Description

Изобретение относится к сельскохозяйственному производству и направлено на улучшение технологии раздельной уборки сельскохозяйственных культур .The invention relates to agricultural production and is aimed at improving the technology of separate harvesting of crops.

Известен способ раздельной уборки, включающий скашивание хлебной массы с полос разворота с укладкой ее в валки, сушку валков, подбор и обмолот валков, после чего эти же операции проделывают на основном массиве [1]. Так, например, для подготовки чека для уборки риса необходимо выполнить обкосы с противоположных сторон чека. При этом образуется мощный сдвоенный валок, который затем переносится для освобождения поворотной полосы, либо два валка, которые потом сдваиваются.A known method of separate harvesting, including mowing bread mass from pivot strips with its laying in rolls, drying the rolls, selecting and threshing the rolls, after which the same operations are done on the main array [1]. So, for example, to prepare a check for harvesting rice, it is necessary to brace on opposite sides of the check. In this case, a powerful double roll is formed, which is then transferred to release the headland, or two rolls, which are then doubled.

Недостаток известного способа раздельной уборки заключается в значи- 20 тельной трудоемкости при сдваивании валков, так как эти операции осуществляются вручную. При этом теряется часть урожая с полос разворота, кроме того, при подборе сдвоенного вал- 25 ка нарушается технологический процесс обмолота, что приводит к дроблению зерна, забиванию и поломкам комбайнов. Зерно с обкосов получается неполноценное, так как обкосы проводят- 30 ся за 4-6 дней до наступления зрелости зерна.A disadvantage of the known method of separate cleaning is the considerable laboriousness when doubling the rolls, since these operations are carried out manually. At the same time, part of the crop is lost from the headland, in addition, when selecting a double shaft of 25 ka, the threshing process is disrupted, which leads to grain crushing, clogging and breakdown of combines. The grain from the braids is inferior, since the braids are carried out 30–4 days before the maturity of the grain.

Целью изобретения является снижение трудоемкости раздельной уборки и 5 потерь зерна, повышение качества зерна.The aim of the invention is to reduce the complexity of separate harvesting and 5 grain losses, improving the quality of grain.

Указанная цель достигается тем, что скошенную:хлебную массу с полос разворота формируют в тюки и вывозят 10 за пределы полос, а после скашивания основного массива с укладкой его в валки тюки расстилают на упомянутых полосах разворота для одновременной сушки хлебной массы основного масси15 ва и полос разворота.This goal is achieved by the fact that the beveled: bread mass from the pivot strips is formed into bales and taken out 10 outside the strips, and after mowing the main array with its laying in the rolls, the bales are spread on the mentioned pivot strips for simultaneous drying of the bulk mass of 15 va and pivot strips .

Предлагаемый способ реализуется следующим образом.The proposed method is implemented as follows.

С наступлением зрелости зерна скашивают и укладывают массу в валки с Целью образования полос разворота для уборочных машин при одновременном или параллельном подборе валков и формировании массы в тюки, например, с помощью рулонного пресса, далее скашивают и укладывают в валки хлебную массу основного массива, затем расстилают массу тюков на полосах разворота. Причем, скашивание и укладку хлебной массы в валки с nohoc разворота и основного массива производятWith the onset of maturity, the grains are mowed and stacked in rolls with the aim of forming pivot strips for harvesting machines with simultaneous or parallel selection of rolls and mass formation into bales, for example, using a roll press, then the main mass is mown and stacked in rolls, then spread weight of bales in the headland. Moreover, the mowing and stacking of the bread mass in rolls with nohoc reversal and the main array produce

I .I.

·.'/ . - ·· без разрыва во времени fc $Цни ^;й< те'>/e^^;агротехнические сроки, Laf (ЗдсстиЛ Тю4’ ' ков можно производить сразу же на свободной стороне поля, если она не ограничена посадкой. После подсыхания валков производят их подбор и обмолот одновременно с полос разворота и основного массива. Использование предлагаемого способа раздельной уборки сельскохозяйственных культур обеспечит по сравнению с известным .·. '/. - ·· no time gap fc $ Values ^; th <te '> / e ^ ^; agrotechnical dates, Laf (Zdststil Tu4 '' kov can be produced immediately on the free side of the field, if it is not limited to landing. After drying the rolls, they are selected and threshed simultaneously from the headland and the main array. Using the proposed method for separate harvesting of crops will ensure compared to the famous.

следующие преимущества: повышение ’ производительности уборочных машин на косовице за счет сокращения непроизводительных простоев, так как обкосы как самостоятельная операция упраздняются; снижение трудоемкости 1 уборки за счет исключения ручного труда; исключение потерь зерна, возникающих при переносе валка; повышение качества зерна, получаемого с полос разворота, так как масса со всех 2 площадей убирается одновременно и имеет одинаковую степень зрелости.the following benefits: increase ’productivity of harvesting machines on the Kosovo due to the reduction of unproductive downtime, as the braces as an independent operation are eliminated; reduction of labor input 1 cleaning due to the exclusion of manual labor; elimination of grain losses occurring during roll transfer; improving the quality of grain obtained from reversal bands, since the mass from all 2 areas is removed at the same time and has the same degree of maturity.

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Claims

The invention relates to agricultural production and is aimed at improving the technology of separate harvesting of agricultural crops. The known method of separate harvesting includes mowing the grain mass from the reversal lanes with laying it in VAJGI, drying the rolls, picking and grinding the rolls, after which the same operations are performed on the main array 1. For example, to prepare a check, you need to run rice for opposite sides of the check. In this case, a powerful double swath is formed, which is then transferred to release the headland, or two rolls, which are then doubled. The disadvantage of the known method of separate cleaning is to significantly The laboriousness in doubling the rolls, since these operations are carried out manually. In this case, part of the crop is lost from the reversal lanes, in addition, when selecting a double roll, the threshing process is disrupted, which leads to the crushing of grain, clogging and breakage of combines. The grains from the obkos become inferior, since the obkos are spent from 4-6 days before the maturity of the grain. The aim of the invention is to reduce the complexity of separate harvesting and the loss of grain, improving the quality of grain. This goal is achieved by the fact that the oblique: grain mass from the reversal bands is formed into bales and taken out of the bands, and after mowing the main body and laying it in rolls, the bales are spread on the said reversal bands to simultaneously dry the grain mass of the main body and reversal bands . The proposed method is implemented as follows. With the onset of maturity, grain is skipped and stacked into rolls with the Purpose of forming reversal lanes for harvesting machines with simultaneous or parallel selection of rolls and forming the mass into bales, for example, using a roll press, then mowing and stacking the grain mass of the main array, then spreading bale weight on reversal lanes. Moreover, the mowing and stacking of the grain mass into rolls with a no.hoc reversal and the main massif are performed without disrupting in time the agrotechnical periods, and the industrial and technical juices. Anyone who has a floor can be made immediately on the floor, if it is not limited to fit. After the rollers dry out, they are picked and threshed simultaneously from the reversal lanes and the main body. The use of the proposed method of separate harvesting of agricultural crops will provide, in comparison with the known follow-up, advantages: an increase in the productivity of harvesting machines on the crop by reducing unproductive downtime, as obkosy as an independent operation are abolished; reducing the labor intensity of cleaning due to the exclusion of manual labor; elimination of grain losses arising from the transfer of a roll, an increase in the quality of grain obtained from the reversal strip, since the mass from all areas is removed simultaneously and has the same degree of maturity. 51 Claims of the method of separate harvesting of agricultural crops, including mowing grain mass from reversal lanes, mowing and laying grain mass into rolls from the main body, drying rolls, picking and threshing, characterized in that With the aim of reducing the labor intensity of separate harvesting and grain losses , improving the quality of grain, the skewed grain mass from the reversal lanes is formed into bales and exported beyond the borders of the strips, and after crossing the main massif with its laying in rolls, the bales are spread out onto the said reversal 1X reversal for dnovremennoy drying grain weight main body and turn lanes. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. Epener V. Radin Y. Improving the technology of rice harvesting .- Technique in agriculture. No. -8, 1971, p. 5-9.