SU729377A1 - Radial-piston hydromachine with stagewise output control - Google Patents

Description

I

The invention relates to hydraulic drives, in particular to controlling the displacement of a rotary piston hydraulic machines, which can be used both as hydromotors and as pumps. In the latter case, it is necessary to ensure that the pistons are driven by the pressure of the fluid supplied from the auxiliary pump.

A rotary-piston hydraulic machine with stepwise performance control is known with a block of radial cylinders, the pistons of which are in contact with the rotor, with an end distributor and a slide valve connecting the working chambers, closed with lids, with the supply and discharge line 1.

 Increased energy losses are inherent in the known hydromachine, since energy is expended on the movement of oil through the closed channels of the disconnected section, which reduces the actual range of operation of the hydraulic drive and reduces its efficiency.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce energy losses in the regulation of the working volume.

This is achieved by the fact that the pistons are made hollow and inside them there are auxiliary pistons for pulling the pistons out of contact with the rotor, additional cylinders are made in the caps, in which 5 additional pistons are connected to the auxiliary rods, the same cavities of the additional cylinders and working chambers one combined in pairs and connected to the slide valve, the first - directly, but the second - through check valves.

FIG. 1 shows the hydraulic oil, longitudinal section; in fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of adjusting the working volume of a hydraulic machine.

Radial piston hydraulic machine co15 holds a fixed unit 1 of radial cylinders, in which pistons are located

2, resting on eccentric rotor

3, and. Mezyushiy two eccentrics, shifted relative to each other by 90 °, on one of

20 of them there is an end dispenser 4. A spool valve 5 connects the working chambers 6, closed by caps 7, with the supply line 8 and the discharge line 9 through check valves 0. The end dispenser 4 directly connects the working chambers 6 with the supply line 8 and the drain line 9 . Auxiliary pistons 11 are installed in pistons x 2, and additional cylinders 12 are installed in the covers, in which additional pistons 13 are mounted, which are connected with auxiliary rods 14 with a groove wider than the piston stroke.

The cavities of 15 additional cylinders are combined in pairs through one pair and directly connected to the slide valve 5. The cavities of 16 additional cylinders are combined through one and directly connected to the slide valve 5.

Gidromashina works as follows.

The working fluid is supplied from the pump to the end distributor 4, which sequentially connects the working chambers 6 to the supply line 8 and the drain line 9. In this case, the pistons 2 are in contact with the rotor 3 and lead to it. The auxiliary pistons 11 connected by the rods 14 with the additional pistons 13 are in the extreme position, providing free mixing of the pistons 2. The check valves 10 are closed, as the balls are pressed to the saddle by springs and pressure drops in the cavities 15 and 16 additional cylinder 12. The working volume of the hydraulic motor in this case is maximum. If it is necessary to change the working volume of the cavity, additional hydraulic cylinders 12 through one switch the slide valve 5 so that the cavities 15 are connected with the drain line 9, and the cavities 16 - with the supply line 8.

This leads to the fact that the supply line 8 through the end distributor 4 to the working chambers 6 of several disconnectable pistons 2 is connected to the discharge line 9 through check valves 10, the flow resistance of which determines the pressure in the supply line 8 at this moment.

Under the action of this pressure, the remaining pistons 2 rotate the rotor 3, which moves the shut off pistons 2 towards the covers 7, after connecting them through the end distributor 4 to the drain line 9. At the same time, the additional hydraulic cylinders are reversed, and the auxiliary pistons 11 come into contact with the piston 2, located at any point of their working stroke and move them from the surface of the rotor 3. At the same time, with its cylindrical surface, the pistons 2 separate the working chambers 6 from the face distributor 4, and the trapped volume of the working fluid After separation, it is displaced from the working chambers 6 through check valves 10 in the cavity 15 of the auxiliary cylinders 12, which are currently connected to the drain. The working volume is reduced.

Thus, in the proposed hydraulic machine, energy losses are reduced and efficiency is increased. The use of this hydraulic machine due to the wide range of adjustment allows it to be docked to the executive body without a gearbox, which greatly simplifies the design of the drive.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A radial-type hydraulic machine with stepped capacity control, comprising a stationary block of radial cylinders whose surfaces are in contact with the rotor, an end dispenser and a spool valve connecting the working chambers, which are closed by caps, with a supply line and a slip, so as to reduce energy losses when adjusting the working volume of the pistons are made hollow and inside them are installed auxiliary pistons for pulling the pistons out of contact with the rotor, in the caps are made additional cylinders in which pistons are mounted additional associated with subsidiary rods, wherein the same name space of the auxiliary cylinder and the working chambers via a single combined in pairs and connected to the slide valve, the first - directly and the latter - through the check valves. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR Author's Certificate No. 301459, cl. F 04 B 49/00, 1972.