SU727841A1 - System of automatic control of borehole drilling modes - Google Patents

Description

(54) SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF DRILLING MODES OF RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS (for example, seismic receivers located in the upper part of the drill string 4 near the mouth surface), amplifiers 5 and 6 signals, sensors 7 axial load on the bit, regulator 8 of the drill tool and bit rotation frequency, spectrum analyzer filtering blocks 9-12, bit rotation frequency sensor 13, feed control and rotation frequency actuators 14, correlator 15, detector 16, control unit 17, time selector 18, power unit 19, unit 20 orrektsii bit wear, dividing unit 21, converter 22 analog-code ana-DEN recorder 23, the function generator 24, the synchronization unit 25. The system works as follows. Signals and, the elastic role that occurs when the bit and the downhole drilling tool in the bottom of the borehole 1, after transmitting over the wireless communication channel (through the drill pipe string, in the near-wellbore space and through the wash fluid column), are received by sensors 2 and 3 of elastic oscillations, converting them into electrical oscillations Uj and Us (two sensors and two receiving-amplifier channels are shown conditionally, since the number of elastic sensors can be iie limited and they can be located in the lower part of the drill olones at the bottom, at the top of the drill string at the wellhead and in the drilling fluid, around the wellhead at the day surface according to a pre-selected system, at the swivel, at the “dead end” of the rope cable, etc.) If sensors are installed in the lower part of the drill string, both modulation methods of transmitting signals on the surface using pressure pulses excited in the washing solution and acoustic through the drill string using longitudinal and transverse waves can be used as a carrier signal. After preamplification in blocks 5 and 6 and filtering in blocks 9-12 of the spectrum analyzer, where blocks 9 and 10 are broadband, and blocks 11 and 12 are narrowband, where signals from the outputs of sensors 2,3 and 7 are filtered in a given frequency band when the low 4acTot region characterizes the dynamic mode of the drill string and the bit rotation frequency, and the high-frequency oscillation region, which corresponds to the product of the rotation frequency and the number of bit cutting elements, characterizes the degree of rock stormyness and the degree of wear of dol from Filtered signals arrive simultaneously to the inputs of the multi-channel corrector of torus 15 ,. where the measurement of the autocorrelation functions of R22 (t), R (r) and mutual correlation of R22 (t :) of signals received by sensors 2,3 and 7 at the input of the detecting unit 16, in which the torus is carried out energy estimation of signals in different frequency bands using narrow-band filters L (Ac1)), where A (O JnAf is the filtering band. Signals from the output of the correlator 15 through the time selector 18, in which the time delay is controlled; the position of the maximum of the correlation signals required to separate the elastic vibrations arising from the breaking When rocks and elastic vibrations are reflected from rocks below the well bore, they are fed to one of the inputs of dividing unit 21, made in the form of a pre-weighing adder, to another input of which signals are output from detecting unit 16. In block 21, performing summation with the exciton, the operation of dividing the maximum of the signals from the output of the detecting unit 16 and measuring the values of the coefficient jS and p of the drillability of rocks, corresponding to the values of wave resistance; hot-ny.h rsopoj, and measuring the wave resistance Dk drillstring. d g ). and V Ktlh (DShts) of the OGSCHG-yGaShG where Ki and Ka are the coefficients of proportionality; D cog and D 0ts upper and lower filtering ranges of elastic oscillations and oscillations of axial load on the bit. Simultaneously with the CE division block 21: the bit wear correction block 20, representing the amplifier-driver, controlled by signals from the outputs of blocks 16 and 21, where the bit wear degree is determined by the formula. k - and A (w) T (w + 1C where Cs is the proportionality coefficient at the corresponding values of axial load Pj per bit and frequency and rotation of the bit coming from the outputs of sensors 7 and 3. From the output of block 21, the signals of the values of D. from ( i)) are fed to a functional converter 24, which converts the signals of the values of .k () to the corresponding values of axial load on the bit and rotational speed necessary to achieve the required maximum speed of the borehole with minimum bit wear. The functional converter 24 is made according to the control amplifier circuit of the driver and serves to programmatically set signals proportional to the optimal values of the frequency components of the axial load on the bit, corresponding to the smallest values of m. Separate the wave resistances fi (Lm) and / JK (AOJ) and the rotational frequency frequencies for the measured values of f (A uj), /; IR (L o) and performs the approximation of / 9n (Aoj) Dk (L) at each measurement moment at which the greatest effect of destruction of the rock being drilled is ensured.

The signals from the output of the functional converter 24 are fed to the input of the control unit 17 connected to the actuators 14, where they are compared with the signals from the output of the load sensor 7 and the output of the sensor 13 respectively proportional to the measured values of the load on the bit and the measured values with the output control signals.

DR Rizm-RZAA; An Mon} M-PzAAH The output signals from the output of the block 17 are controlled through the actuators 14 through the tool 8 to the feed tool of the drilling tool and the frequency of rotation.

The load on the bit and the frequency of rotation are limited to safe extremes and the range of variation of the set values.

At the same time, the system measures the spatial position of the wellbore during drilling by the magnitudes of the maxima (or ratios of maxima) of the mutual and autocorrelation signals and the difference in the moments of the arrival of the mutual correlation functions (tons of elastic oscillations received by elastic sensors installed on the surface of the well) according to a previously received surveillance system. The signals from the outputs of blocks 7,13, 20 and 24 are fed to the input of a multi-channel analog recorder 23, where amplitudes and leading Atoty of elastic fluctuations A (Li)), parameters of functions of mutual and autocorrelation R {T), such as coefficient and correlation interval, coherence coefficient, parameters Rf, / JK wave resistance of rocks and drill string, degree of wear of 5 drilling tools, loads P per chisel, speeds p of rotation and speed V of penetration in analog form.

The tape drive mechanism of the recorder 23 is synchronized with the well drilling process, and the recording of these parameters is performed simultaneously in the form of continuous curves as a function of the depth of the well and the drilling time. Binding to the depth of the drilling well of the recorder 23 is carried out by pulses from the depth sensor converted into the binary code of the magnetic recorder (in the drawing, the block of the magnetic recorder is not shown).

The analog signals from the output of block 23 are fed to the input of the analog-digital voltage converter in converter 22 code. The signals of the recorded parameters in the parallel binary code received at the output of converter 22 are fed to the magnetic recorder input for further, if necessary, to clarify the lithological division of the well section and the prediction drilling modes.

For this purpose, a program of lithological dissection of the well section data A, R, / 3, P, V and the adjustment of well drilling mode for subsequent additions are stored in the magnetic recorder. From the output of the software device, the results of the lithological dissection of the section during drilling are fed to a plotter who builds a lithological section of the drilled and below the haul pits with the simultaneous construction of the spatial position of the wellbore. The depth of the study of the layers below the bottom is governed by the choice of the leading frequency of the filters in blocks 9-12.

0 The entire measurement and information part of the system is performed on integrated circuits and is installed directly on the borehole or near the drilling site in a special stand or trailer. The possibility of remote control is not excluded.

S

management

An important advantage of the proposed system is the lack of wire K) of the communication line for transmitting information to the day surface and high possibilities for optimizing the drilling process due to automatic maintenance of matching the frequency components of the wave resistances of the drill string and rocks below the drill hole.

wells.

Claims (2)

1. US patent number 337823, 173-6, published. 1968. 2., Patent of France No. 2033351, G 01 N 3/00, published. 1969. .s ..- V: iV-; --v i - .: