SU724472A1 - Method of manufacturing ceramic articles - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to the production of ceramic products, mainly dishes.

A known method for the manufacture of ceramic products involves pouring a liquid suspension into plaster molds from the ambassador, by drying the semi-finished product and firing 1.

The disadvantage of this method is the low strength of the porcelain and ceramic mass. Products, as a rule, have thin (3-4 mm) walls that do not withstand mechanical and thermal loads, crack, break or deform.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the mechanical strength of the semi-finished product.

This goal is achieved by using the method of casting plaster molds in the method of making ceramic products from a liquid suspension. subsequent drying of the semifinished product and roasting; a high molecular weight linear polymer — polyethylene oxide with a molecular weight from 100,000 to 50–100.00 wt.%, is introduced into the suspension in an amount of 0.0001–1.00% by weight, and casting is carried out 6–72 h after the introduction of the polymer .

The initial mass (liquid suspension of the pre-production shop, supplied to the filter-prc, where it is E1E) grows into the porcelain mass) or slip (liquid suspension of the same composition with the addition of electrolyte) is introduced, mainly in the form of a concentrated aqueous solution, polyethylene oxide (polyoxide ) marks

0 HRV-301 with a molecular weight of 4 10 at different concentrations of the additive.

Polyethylene oxide brand HRV-301 molecules of a p5 weight of 4 10 American production are used as a polymer (a similar product is also produced by domestic plants with the industrial name polyox, Suspension composition,% by volume: Iolin kaolin from the Glukhovskoye deposit (USSR) 39, pegmatite Chupinsky (Kareli) 20, quartz sand 27, weight. Lovska clay (USSR) 11, - coal 3, electrolyte (soda 500 g and liquid

5 glass 550 g per 1 ton of raw material) with the following content of individual elements, vol.%: SiOi 60-64 2328; the amount of alkaline oxides; metaplov 2.5-4.6; MDO 0.4-0.9; CaO 0.4-0.8;

0 Rwg Od -0.3-0.6; SOj 0.1-0.5;

T "Qi 0.1-0.6; water - the rest, or In terms of weight, respectively: 45,60-48.80; 19.80-36.20; 40-5.0 0.14-0.75; 0.28-0.60; 0.54-1.20; 0.10-0.50; 0.10-0.60; 0.54-1.20; 0.10-0.50; 0.09-0.54; water - the rest

A linear polymer with a molecular weight of from 100,000 to 10,000,000 in an amount of 0.0001 to 1.00 wt% is additionally introduced into the suspension.

This additive leads to a crOlHHio suspension, which is ready for pouring 9 gypsum molds.

Example, In the slip composition Ov,%: SiOz 63,76; SOj 0.21; 0.30; THOi 0.22; 24.64; CaO 0.45; MjO 0.30; SRgQj 25.39 I O 2.59; G 100.0 (loss on ignition 7.53), In an amount of 10.5 kg (6500 ml), 31 ml of concentrated water (5% by weight of polyethylene oxide, or vol.%) Are added. The slurry is immediately poured into plaster molds. (vae BiJ with a height of 120 mm and a diameter of 75 mm) During the first few minutes, as the water is absorbed by the form, the slider survives the mouth, holding the initial liquid. After almost 4-5 minutes, the Shard reaches 4-5 mm, the rest of the suspension is poured from the mold, 4-5, the assembled form is allowed to stand, then it is disassembled. From it, Stbroye is removed for 2, natural drying step. This is followed by drying in oven at 650-930 C 8-9 hr. Thereafter, the product enters the shop glazing and again on calcining at.

In parallel with the manufacture of the products of the CPL plant from; it prepares the sample with the following test indicators.

Shrinkage after 11 O s,% 4,05

Sample strength

(after but c) on - I51g, kg / cm 17.25

Shrinkage after

900 C ,, 46

Strength (900 s),

kg / fcM 38.3

Water absorption

(960C),% 14.4

Uradka after

1350С,% 9,93

Water absorption.

(1350 C),%.

Full shrinkage% 14,08. . . -. /

Thus, this mode Pouring significant changes in the strength of the material does not, because the strength of the control

sample after heat treatment at 110 ° C - 16.9 kg / cm, at a temperature of 900 C - 37.5 kg / cm -.

Example 2. Use the suspension of the original composition and the additive 5 of the same concentration.

The castings were made in the same forms, but 17 hours after the addition.

The measurement results are given below. ..

Shrinkage (BUT C),% 1.8

Strength (110 ° C) kg / cm 21.02

Shrinkage (EOO C),% 0,2

Strength (900 ° C),

kg / cm 57.7

Water absorption

(900 C),%.

Shrinkage (1350 ° C),% 5.6

Full shrinkage,% 7.5

In this case, the strength of the material changes dramatically.

Thus, a delay in pouring the suspension of the suspension together with polyethylene oxide leads to aE) peace of the material, accompanied by its hardening.

Example 3 To the suspension of the initial composition is added the same concentrated aqueous solution of polyethylene oxide Q 91 mm, which, in terms of jia, the sample mass is 7-10 weight, h, or 1.5 .. 10 vol.%, Casting is produced through 22 h, that is, also after prolonged exposure to 5 suspensions.

The measurement results are shown below.

Shrinkage (BUT S),% 2.26

Strength (110 s), kg / cm 28.63

0Seat (900 C). bg

Strength (900 C),

kg / cm

Water absorption, (900 ° C),% 18,4

5Plant (% 8.33

Full shrinkage,% 11.0

In this case, after drying at 110 ° C, there is a set of strength,

0 The characteristics of the suspension are given in the table.

Measurements are made on Engler's viscometer. Flowability is measured twice with an interval of 30 minutes (second measurement) -, 5 A hole diameter of 8 mm.

The use of the proposed method reduces the percentage of bo and rejects, therefore additional areas in the heating furnaces are freed up, which gives a technical and economic effect.

Claims (1)

1. Budnikov P.P. and others. Chemical technologists of ceramics and refractories. M., Publishing house of literature on construction, p. 453-458.