SU713915A1

SU713915A1 - Thermomagnetic magnetoguide processing device

Info

Publication number: SU713915A1
Application number: SU772473150A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Александр Петрович Шигорин; Виктор Георгиевич Грищенко; Татьяна Николаевна Благосклонова
Original assignee: Предприятие П/Я А-1001
Priority date: 1977-04-14
Filing date: 1977-04-14
Publication date: 1980-02-05

Description

Изобретение относится к металлургиВГ и может быть использовано для термической обработки магнитопроводов.The invention relates to metallurgical VG and can be used for heat treatment of magnetic cores.

Известно устройство для термомагнитной обработки магнитопроводов из магнитомягких материалов в поперечном магнитном поле, содержащее источник магнитного поля, замыкающее ярмо и немагнитный держатель для обрабатываемых магнитопроводов.A device for thermomagnetic processing of magnetic cores of soft magnetic materials in a transverse magnetic field, containing a magnetic field source, a closing yoke and a non-magnetic holder for the processed magnetic cores.

Источник магнитного поля выполнен в виде постоянных μθι нитов изготовленных из сплавов, сохраняющих свойства магнитнотвердых материалов при температурах термомагнитной обработки, в рабочем за— зоре которых размешен немагнитный держатель с обрабатываемыми магнитопроводами [1].The magnetic field source is made in the form of constant μθι nits made of alloys that preserve the properties of magnetically hard materials at thermomagnetic processing temperatures, in the working gap of which there is a non-magnetic holder with the processed magnetic cores [1].

Известное устройство имеет тот недостаток, что источник магнитного поля выполнен из нескольких постоянных магнитов. Это создает возможность влияния магнитного поля одной пары магнитов на магнитные поля в рабочих зазорах других пар.магнитов, что снижает магнитные характеристики магнитопроводов, а также имеет крупные габариты и может помешаться только в печах с большим объемом рабочего пространства.The known device has the disadvantage that the magnetic field source is made of several permanent magnets. This creates the possibility of the influence of the magnetic field of one pair of magnets on the magnetic fields in the working gaps of other pairs of magnets, which reduces the magnetic characteristics of the magnetic cores, and also has large dimensions and can interfere only in furnaces with a large volume of working space.

Известно также устройство для термомагнитной обработки магнитопроводов из магнитомягких материалов в поперечном магнитном поле, содержащее источник магнитного поля из постоянных магнитов, замыкающее ярмо и немагнитные держатели.A device is also known for thermomagnetic processing of magnetic cores of soft magnetic materials in a transverse magnetic field, containing a magnetic field source of permanent magnets, closing the yoke and non-magnetic holders.

Источник магнитного поля выполнен в виде диска с отверстиями, в которых размешены держатели с обрабатываемыми магнитопроводами и.The magnetic field source is made in the form of a disk with holes in which holders are placed with the processed magnetic cores and.

При проведении термомагнитной обработки устройство с магнитопроводами помешается в рабочую камеру печи, печь нагревается до заданной температуры, обеспечивающей возможность проведения термомагнитной обработки.When conducting thermomagnetic processing, a device with magnetic circuits is placed in the working chamber of the furnace, the furnace is heated to a predetermined temperature, which makes it possible to conduct thermomagnetic processing.

Известное устройство имеет следующие недостатки: значительные габариты за счет расположения источника магнит— ного поля вокруг обрабатываемых магнитопроводов, а пространство внутри столбика магнитопроводов используется только для установки стержня, фиксирующего их положение по отношению к источнику· маг- 5 нитного поля, что особенно неблагоприятно при обработке магнитопроводов средних и больших габаритов (d внутр Ь 20 ,мм). В известном устройстве источник магнитного поля имеет большую массу, в 2,5 ра-10 за расходуется большее количество дорогостоящего сплава типа 'магнико на его изготовление, а, кроме того, источник магнитного поля имеет сложную конфигурацию, и учитывая, что материал посто- >5 янных магнитов хрупок и поддается только электроэррозионной обработке с последующим шлифованием, т.е. изготовление указанного магнита сложно и требует больших материальных затрат.The known device has the following disadvantages: significant dimensions due to the location of the magnetic field source around the magnetic cores being processed, and the space inside the magnetic core column is used only to install a rod fixing their position with respect to the magnetic field source 5, which is especially unfavorable during processing magnetic cores of medium and large dimensions (d internal 20, mm). In the known device, the source of the magnetic field has a large mass, 2.5 ra-10 per consumes a larger amount of expensive alloy of the Magnico type for its manufacture, and, in addition, the source of the magnetic field has a complex configuration, and given that the material is The 5th magnets are fragile and can only be electro-erosion-treated with subsequent grinding, i.e. the manufacture of the specified magnet is difficult and requires large material costs.

Термомагнитная обработка проводится в вакууме, где теплообмен происходит только за счет излучения, а масса собран-.' ного устройства значительна, обрабатываемые магнитопроводы находятся внутри ²⁵устройства и отделены от нагревателей ¹печи толстыми стенками постоянного магнита, в результате чего значительно увеличивается время прогрева магнитопроводов до заданной температуры и тем самым 30 увеличивается длительность» режима термомагнитной обработки.'Thermomagnetic treatment is carried out in a vacuum, where heat exchange occurs only due to radiation, and the mass is collected.' of a large device, the magnetic circuits being processed are located inside the ²⁵ device and are separated from the heaters ^{1 of the} furnace by the thick walls of a permanent magnet, as a result of which the heating time of the magnetic cores to a predetermined temperature is significantly increased and thereby the duration of the thermomagnetic processing mode increases.

Целью изобретения является уменьшение габаритов, массы и времени прогрева магнитопроводов без снижения их эле- 35 ктромагнитных характеристик, а также упрощение изготовления источника магнитного поля.The aim of the invention is to reduce the dimensions, mass and time of heating of the magnetic cores without reducing their electromagnetic characteristics, as well as simplifying the manufacture of a magnetic field source.

Указанная цель достигается тем, что в известном устройстве для термомагнитной 40 обработки магнитопроводов из магнитномягких материалов в поперечном магнитном поле, содержащем источник магнитного поля из единого постоянного магнита, замыкающие ярма и немагнитный держа- ‘ 45 тель для обрабатываемых магнитопроводов, источник магнитного поля выполнен в виде цилиндрического стержня, размещенного внутри немагнитного'Держателя с обрабатываемыми магнитопроводами. $0 На фиг. 1 и 2 изображено предложенное устройство для термомагнитной обработки магнитопроводов.This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known device for thermomagnetic 40 processing magnetic cores of soft magnetic materials in a transverse magnetic field containing a magnetic field source from a single permanent magnet, closing yokes and a non-magnetic holder for the magnetic cores being processed, the magnetic field source is made in the form a cylindrical rod placed inside a non-magnetic holder with machined magnetic circuits. $ 0 In FIG. 1 and 2 depict the proposed device for thermomagnetic processing of magnetic cores.

Оно включает постоянный магнит 1, немагнитную подставку 2, винт 3, верх- 55 нее ярмо 4 и нижнее ярмо 5, предназначенные для замыкания магнитного потока, кассеты для размещения магнитопроводов 6, каждая из которых включает втулку 7, кожух 8 и стопорные гайки 9 и 10, винт 3, стопорные гайки 9, 10, предназначенные для ликвидации воздушных зазоров, что сводит к минимуму влияния размагничивающего фактора.It includes a permanent magnet 1, a non-magnetic stand 2, a screw 3, an upper yoke 4 and a lower yoke 5, designed to close the magnetic flux, cassettes for placing magnetic cores 6, each of which includes a sleeve 7, a casing 8 and lock nuts 9 and 10, screw 3, lock nuts 9, 10, designed to eliminate air gaps, which minimizes the effect of demagnetizing factor.

Постоянный магнит изготовлен из магнитнотвердого сплава типа магнико, нижнее и верхнее ярма, винт, стопорные гайки - из магнитномягкой стали; ртулка, кожух, подставка - из немагнитной стали.The permanent magnet is made of a magnetically hard alloy of the magnico type, the lower and upper yokes, the screw, and lock nuts are made of soft magnetic steel; the sleeve, casing, stand are made of non-magnetic steel.

Устройство работает следующим образом.The device operates as follows.

На втулку 7 с навинченной стопорной гайкой 10 надевается партия кольцевых магнитопроводов 6, подлежащих обработке, затем надевается кожух 8, предохраняющий магнитопроводы от сдавливания при сборке устройства, сверху навинчивается на втулку стопорная гайка 5, также предохраняющая магнитопроводы от сдавливания и создающая минимальный воздушный зазор между столбиком обра батываемых магнитопроводов и стопорными гайками. В кассету с обрабатываемыми магнитопроводами вставляется магнит 1 с присоединенными нижним ярмом 5 и подставкой 2. Сверху присоединяется верхнее ярмо 4 с винтом 3. Вращением винта добиваются минимальных воздушных зазоров между магнитом, верхним ярмом и верхней стопорной гайкой.A batch of annular magnetic cores 6 to be processed is put on a sleeve 7 with a screwed lock nut 10, then a casing 8 is put on, which protects the magnetic cores from being squeezed during assembly of the device, a lock nut 5 is screwed onto the bushing from above, also protecting the magnetic cores from being squeezed and creating a minimum air gap between the column machined magnetic circuits and lock nuts. A magnet 1 with attached lower yoke 5 and a stand 2 is inserted into the cassette with the processed magnetic circuits. The upper yoke 4 with the screw 3 is attached from above. The minimum air gaps between the magnet, the upper yoke and the upper lock nut are connected by rotating the screw.

В кассете можно разместить один столбик магнитопроводов с большим внутренним диаметром, или несколько столбиков магнитопроводов малых диаметров на немагнитных стержнях вокруг источника магнитного поля (постоянного магнита) между стопорными гайками 9, 10 (фиг. 2).In the cassette, you can place one column of magnetic cores with a large inner diameter, or several columns of magnetic cores of small diameters on non-magnetic rods around a magnetic field source (permanent magnet) between the lock nuts 9, 10 (Fig. 2).

Верхнее и нижнее основания цилиндрического магнита являются противоположными полюсами. После сборки устройства магнит, нижнее и верхнее ярма, стопорные гайки и подлежащие обработке магнитопроводы образуют замкнутую цепь с минимальными воздушными зазорами между магнитом,' верхним и нижним ярмом, сто-, порными гайками и магнитопроводами.The upper and lower bases of the cylindrical magnet are opposite poles. After the assembly of the device, the magnet, the lower and upper yokes, lock nuts and the magnetic cores to be processed form a closed circuit with minimal air gaps between the magnet, the upper and lower yokes, one-and-a-half nuts and magnetic cores.

Затем устройство помещает в рабочую камеру печи.Then the device is placed in the working chamber of the furnace.

В процессе термической обработки по заданному режиму магнитопроводы 6 находятся под воздействием магнитного поля постоянного магнита 1, направление которого перпендикулярно направлению последующего намагничивания магнитопроводов. В результате такой обработки в магнитопроводах создается устойчивая магнитная текстура^при которой магнитные домены ориентированы преимущественно по направлению приложенного при обработке поля. Наличие такой текстуры приводит к томуф что процесс намагничивания осуществляется преимущественно механизмом .обратимого вращения векторов следствием чего является снижение остаточной индукции и линеаризации кривой намагничивания.In the process of heat treatment in a given mode, the magnetic cores 6 are under the influence of a magnetic field of a permanent magnet 1, the direction of which is perpendicular to the direction of the subsequent magnetization of the magnetic cores. As a result of such processing, a stable magnetic texture is created in the magnetic cores ^ in which the magnetic domains are oriented mainly in the direction of the field applied during processing. The presence of such a texture leads to the fact that the magnetization process is carried out mainly by the mechanism of reversible rotation of vectors, which results in a decrease in the residual induction and linearization of the magnetization curve.

Использование предлагаемого устройства обеспечивает по сравнению с известными устройствами следующие преимущества:Using the proposed device provides, in comparison with known devices, the following advantages:

- уменьшение размеров и массы устройства за счет размещения источника маг— 15 нитного поля внутри кассеты с обрабатываемыми магнитопроводами, что дает возможность использовать для термообработки более экономичные электровакуумные печи, т.е. с меньшим объемом рабо- 20 чего пространства.- reducing the size and weight of the device due to the placement of a magnetic field source inside the cassette with the processed magnetic cores, which makes it possible to use more efficient electric vacuum furnaces for heat treatment, i.e. with less work space.

- уменьшение в 2,5 раза веса используемого для изготовления источника магнитного поля дорогостоящего сплава типа магнико при обработке того же количества ²⁵магнитопроводов.- a decrease of 2.5 times the weight used for the manufacture of the magnetic field source of an expensive alloy of the Magnico type when processing the same amount of ²⁵ magnetic cores.

уменьшение примерно- на 1 час времени, необходимого для достижения в магнитопроводах температуры, требуемой для их термомагнитной обработки.a reduction of about 1 hour of the time required to reach the temperature required in the magnetic cores for their thermomagnetic treatment.

- упрощение изготовления источника магнитного поля за счет более простой конфигурации постоянного магнита.- simplification of the manufacture of a magnetic field source due to a simpler configuration of a permanent magnet.

Claims

The invention relates to metallurgy and can be used for the thermal treatment of magnetic circuits. A device for thermomagnetic treatment of magnetic cores made of soft materials in a transverse magnetic field is known, which contains a source of magnetic field, a closing rom and a nonmagnetic holder for the magnetic cores being processed. The source of the magnetic field is made in the form of permanent Mai yarns made of alloys, preserving the properties of magnetically hard materials at temperatures of thermomagnetic processing, a nonmagnetic holder with processed magnetic conductors l is placed in the working gap. The known device has the disadvantage that the source of the magnetic field is made of several permanent magnets. This creates the possibility of the influence of the magnetic field of one pair of magnets on the magnetic fields in the working gaps of other pairs of magnets, which reduces the magnetic characteristics of the magnetic cores, and also has large dimensions and can be placed only in furnaces with a large working space. It is also known a device for thermomagnetic processing of magnetic cores made of magnetically soft materials in a transverse magnetic field, containing a source of a magnetic field of permanent magnets, a closure hub and non-magnetic holders. The source of the magnetic field is made in the form of a disk with holes in which holders with processed magnetic cores 2j are placed. When conducting a magnetic-magnetic treatment, the device with magnetic conductors is placed in the working chamber of the furnace, the furnace is heated to the setpoint temperature, which makes it possible to carry out thermal-magnetic treatment. The known device has the following drawbacks: large dimensions due to the location of the source of the magnetic FIELD around the processed magnetic cores, and the space inside the column of the magnetic cores is used only to install the rod fixing their position relative to the source of the magnetic field, which is especially unfavorable when processing the magnetic cores and large dimensions (d internal 20, mm). In the known device, the source of the magnetic field has a large mass, 2.5 times a greater amount of expensive magnico-type alloy is consumed to make it, and, moreover, the source of the magnetic field has a complex configuration, and it is believed that the material of permanent magnets is fragile. and is amenable only to electro-aeroionic processing with subsequent grinding, i.e. The manufacture of said magnet is difficult and requires a large amount of material. Thermomagnetic processing is carried out in vacuum, where heat exchange occurs only due to radiation, and the mass of the assembled device is significant, the magnetic circuits being processed are inside the device and are separated from the heating of the furnace bodies by the thick walls of the permanent magnet, which significantly increases the heating time of the magnetic circuits. The duration of the thermomagnetic treatment mode increases to a predetermined temperature and to that extent. The aim of the invention is to reduce the size, mass and time of heating of the magnetic cores without reducing their electromagnetic characteristics, as well as to simplify the manufacture of the source of the magnetic field. This goal is achieved by the fact that the known device for thermomagnetic processing of magnetic magnetic cores: ultra soft materials in a transverse magnetic field containing a source of a magnetic field from a single permanent magnet end closure and a nonmagnetic holder for machined magnetic cores, the source of a magnetic field is made the form of a cylindrical rod placed inside a non-magnetic holding with treated magnetic circuits. FIG. 1 and 2 depict the proposed device for thermomagnetic processing of magnetic circuits. It includes a permanent magnet 1, a non-magnetic stand 2, a screw 3, an upper yoke 4 and a lower yoke 5, designed to close the magnetic flux of the cartridge for accommodating the magnetic cores 6, each of which includes a sleeve 7 7 5 burned 8 and lock nuts 9 and 10, screw 3, lock nuts 9, 10, designed to eliminate air gaps, which minimizes the influence of any demagnetizing factor. The permanent magnet is made of magnetically magnetically hard alloy, the lower and upper frames, the screw, the lock nuts are made of mild steel magnetic; Rtodka, casing stand - from non-magnetic steel. The device works as follows. A batch of ring magnetic cores 6 to be machined is put on sleeve 7 with a screwed lock nut 1O, then a casing 8 is put on, protecting the magnetic cores from squeezing when assembling the device, the top nut 5 is screwed onto the sleeve, also protecting the magnetic cores from squeezing and creating a minimum air lock between the column of machined magnetic cores and lock nuts. A magnet 1 is inserted into the cassette with processable magnetic cores, with an attached lower rom 5 and a stand 2. Attached is an upper yoke 4 with a screw 3 attached. Rotate the screw to achieve minimal air gaps between the magnet, upper мом rm and upper locking nut. In the cassette you can place one column of magnetic cores with a large internal diameter, or several columns of magnetic cores of small diameters on nonmagnetic rods around the source of a magnetic field (permanent magnet) between the lock nuts 9, U (Fig. 2), the upper and lower bases of the cylindrical magnet ow are opposite poles. After the device has been assembled, the magnet, the lower and upper frames, the lock nuts and the magnet lines to be processed form a closed circuit with minimal air gaps between the magnet, the upper and lower frames, and the stop and lock nuts and magnetic cores. Then the device is placed in the working chamber of the furnace. In the course of heat treatment according to a predetermined mode, the magnetic cores 6 are under the influence of a magnetic field of a permanent magnet 1, the direction of which is perpendicular to the direction of the subsequent magnetization of the magnetic circuits. As a result of such processing, a magnetic texture is created in the magnetic cores in which the magnetic 57 domains are oriented mainly in the direction of the field applied during the treatment. The presence of such a texture leads to TOMyvj that the magnetization process is carried out predominantly by the mechanism. the reversible rotation of the vectors results in a decrease in the residual induction and linearization of the magnetization curve. The use of the proposed device in comparison with the known devices provides the following advantages: reducing the size and weight of the device by placing a magnetic field source in the inner cassette with the magnetic cores being processed, which makes it possible to use more economical electrovacuum furnaces, i.e. with less working space. - a 2.5-fold reduction in the weight of a costly magnet-type alloy used to manufacture a magnetic ol source, processing the same number of magnet lines 15, reducing by about 1 hour the time MBHrf required to reach the temperature required for their thermomagnetic processing. - simplification of the manufacture of the source of the magnetic field due to the simpler configuration of the permanent magnet. The invention The device 1U1 for thermomagnetic processing of magnetic pipelines containing a source of a magnetic field from a permanent magnet, closing the chassis and a nonmagnetic holder with processed magnetic conductors, characterized in that, in order to reduce the size, weight of the device and shorten the heating time of the magnetic pipelines, the permanent magnet is made rod, placed inside a non-magnetic holder. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR author's certificate O 372281, cl. C 21 D 1 / O4, 1973.

2. USSR author's certificate O 514899, cl. C 21 D 1/04, 1974.