SU701624A1 - Method of the preparation of a chemical and reclamation substance - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, and to methods for the production of soil-tamping chemicals, in particular to chemical mecha- nism and the fertilization of soda solontsons. It is known to use concentrated inorganic acids, such as sulfuric and nitric, for chemical reclamation of saline lands ij. There is also a known method of acidification of soda solonets-solonchaks by treating them with aqueous solutions of nonorganic acids, for example, solid PJ. The disadvantages of this method are the destructive effect of free inorganic acids on the mineral part of the soil, its humus and microflora, while the absorbing soil complex is partially improved and mainly in the surface layers of the soil. Adding acid solutions to the soil is time consuming and difficult. This goal is achieved by mixing concentrated sulfuric acid with urea in the presence of wood waste and solidifying it by fractional addition of nitric acid. As a result of these operations receive a solid water-soluble complex salt of urea with acids. An example of the practical implementation of the proposed method. 10O g (1 mol) of sulfuric acid beats. weights of 1.84 and 1O g of wood sawdust are mixed at ordinary temperature until a thick viscous mass is formed, in which 120 g (2 mol) of solid urea are emulsified and, without interrupting mixing,; 140 ml (2 mol) of nitric acid beats were introduced at a temperature of the reaction mass of 30-40 ° C. weight 1.37-1.40 in two npHeiyta 70 ml. At the same time, the emulsion cures to a powdered mass and the temperature rises to 70 ° C. The finished product dissolves in water without an odorless brown color to form an acid reaction solution. Before drying, the product contains about 15% moisture. Stable when you are drying. The product is not hygroscopic. Wooden packaging is not sluggish, and packaging made from recycled paper does not break. Well transported in plastic bags. Contact of the product with the skin does not cause irritation, except for burning in places of cuts and mucous membranes. The nutritional value of the product is determined with the content of 25% of nitrogen in the nitrate and amide forms and 9% of sulfur. In order to study the effects of the proposed two-acid ameliorant (DKM), a meadow-steppe soda-sul ({) salt solontsa from the Voshodonsky farm of Tsimlsky district of the Rostov region were imaged. The solonets studied were characterized by a high pH of the aqueous extract. Sresh1 anionic water extraction in the cm layer was dominated by carbonate and bicarbonate ions (0.12 and O, 96 mg / eq on the soil UOg), as well as sulfate ions (1.56 mg / eq per 1OO g). The composition of the exchange cations - sodium cations. Dunla soil had a high absorption capacity of 39.3 mg / eq per 10Og and a water peptized sludge content of 29.8%. The heavy mechanical composition and the relatively high saturation of the colloids with sodium were determined by pronounced negative water (|) properties. The table shows the effect of the proposed chemical ameliorant (DKM) and sulfuric acid on the water permeability of soda-sulfate solonetz, mm / min.

PORI | s JIT water for 30 days, ml

O118127

Analysis of the results shows that the filtration rate increases noticeably with the use of (DKM Weak solution of the unsaturated solution through the 30-megaprost layer within 24 hours, whereas the two-acid ameliorator contributed to some acceleration of water passing this way in 21 hours. Use of the two-acid improver significantly reduced the alkalinity and especially the pH of the filtrate.

The proposed method for the preparation of chemical melioration means has the following advantages:

1. It allows you to simultaneously enter into the urea coagulated sulfuric and nitric acids in a fire safe mode and use the heat from re-bearing as temperature parameters.

2. The problem of waste utilization, as a technologist is waste-free.

3. Eliminates co-scatinated acids in the target product.

in relation to soil and personnel when handling.

4.Provides the preparation of the target product, which optimally combines the meliorative and fertilizing properties, and in a solid form suitable for storage, transportation and entry into the night using existing technical means

Claims (2)

5. Reduces the dependence on industry in the production of the target product, since the method is feasible not only on industrial mixing plants, but also directly on the field to be melted using the simplest 57 methods available in households. about. The use of technology in the method of obtaining an ameliorant from urea and strong acids, sawdust is economical, simple and reliable. Claim 1, A method for producing a chemical-melioration agent based on inorganic acids, which is based on the fact that, in order to increase the effectiveness of the sour solonethose smelter, a concentrated sulfuric acid is mixed with urea 46 D in the presence of waste, preferably sawdust and cured with nitric acid beats. weight. 1.37-1.40 npit to the temperature of ZO-7O p. 2, the method according to p. 1, from l and h and with the fact that urea, ccpirjro and nitric acid are taken in a ratio of 2-5 : 1: 2-5, and wood waste - in the amount of 8-10% of the weight of sulfuric acid, SOURCE information taken into account during the examination 1.Pak K.P. Collect USSR and ways to increase their fertility. M., Kolos, 1975, p. 170-173. 2. Author's testimony CCC.F No. 229978, cl. And O1 N 7 / OO, 1967.