SU67729A1 - Two-speed gearbox coaxial screws - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to two-speed gearboxes for rotation in versus (EPO sides of two coaxial propellers.

Two-speed gearboxes of the same purpose are known, comprising two internal-gear solar wheels mounted on a crankshaft and engaged with a system of coaxial satellites; the lead of these satellites is connected to the shaft of one screw, and the shaft of the second screw is connected to one of the satellites of the system by means of a sun gear fixed to the shaft, while the other satellites are rigidly connected to the lane. vymi, run on immobile. sun wheel. The disadvantage of these structures is the transmission through the clutches of the entire motor moment from the shaft of the shaft to the propeller shafts, complicating the design of the gearboxes.

In the proposed two-speed gearbox, in order to eliminate this drawback, in order to transfer only a part of the total moment through the clutch, a freely rotating and arbitrarily braked solar wheel is used. This wheel interlocks with the third satellites mounted on

the same leash with the possibility of independent rotation relative to the other satellites and coupled with one of the sun wheels of the drive shaft, with the second sun wheel matching the drive shaft with a freewheel clutch.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a two-speed reducer; FIG. 2 is another view of the circuit of the same reducer; FIG. 3 - speed, FIG. 4 shows a cross sectional multi-way freewheel, FIG. 5 shows a section along AB of FIG. four.

With engine crankshaft 14 {FIG. 1) two sun wheels / and 2 internal gears are connected, the wheel 2 is rigidly connected, and the wheel 1 is connected by means of a free wheeling mechanism 12.

The wheel / is driven by a large satellite 5, which is associated with a small satellite 4, driven around the sun wheel 7 rigidly connected to the housing 15 of the gearbox. The wheel 2 is driven by a small satellite 5 which engages with the solar wheel 8, which can either idle or rotate stopped using a friction clutch 13 or another brake. The satellite box (leash) 9 is fixed on the outer shaft 10. The large satellite 5 drives the gear 6, mounted on the inner shaft, //.

Since the free torque of the motor is transmitted through the freewheel mechanism 12 (Fig. 1), to ensure the allowable see voltage on the rollers, the freewheel mechanism is performed by multi-gears (2 or 3 rows, depending on the motor torque ).

The asterisks 21 (Figs. 4 and 5) do not have a hard link between them. They are connected to the drive shaft by means of a hub 17 and springs 18, which are mounted on the splines of this shaft. Preloading of the springs of each row is designed to transmit 1/2 or 3 in the case of three rows of motor torque rollers. In the case of jamming of one of the rows of rollers 19, between the asterisk and the yoke 20, the springs of this row are under the action of full moments. That motor is szhmuts, the asterisk will shift relative to the neighboring ones and will ensure their inclusion in the work.

This device, in addition to including all rows of rollers in operation, ensures reliable operation of the free wheel mechanism assembly, since the springs soften the operation, eliminating the effect of irregularity of the crankshaft stroke on the stuck rollers.

In the off state (when operating at speed 2), the relative speed between the sprocket 21 and the yoke 20 is small.

To eliminate the possibility of screw spinning during a dive, the auxiliary free-running mechanism 16 (FIG. 1) is inserted between the bristles 8 and the gearbox housing 15.

In normal operation, gear 8 either stands (work at speed 2) or rotates in the direction opposite to the rotation of the crankshaft (work at speed 1).

When diving, the screws tend to loosen and turn off the main free-wheeling mechanism 12 (FIG.). At the same time, gear 8 receives rotation in the direction of rotation of the crankshaft and, wedging

the auxiliary freewheel stops by restoring the connection between the crankshaft and the shafts of the gearbox. At the moment when the crankshaft again starts to drive the shafts of the gearbox, the auxiliary free-wheeling mechanism 16 is turned off and the gear 8 is released.

When operating at 1st speed, clutch 13 is turned off. Shestern / ,. wedged by the free-wheeling mechanism 12 on the crankshaft 14, rotates the satellite 5, and with it the satellite 4. The latter, rolling on the sun wheel 7, causes the rotation (in the direction of rotation of the crankshaft) of the leash. P, and with it the outer shaft 10.

The satellite 5 drives the wheel b to rotate, and with it the inner shaft 11. From the speed plan (Fig. 3), it can be seen that, because of the location of the instantaneous pole of engagement P on the radius above the pole of engagement of satellite 3 with the wheel 6 located on the radius Re, . the latter receives rotation in the direction opposite to the rotation of the external shaft. If we bring the circumferential speed on the radius Re to the radius of the driver Rn, then in terms of the equality of the flood velocity y and the reduced velocity ve pr we can conclude that the revolutions of the inner shaft are equal to the revolutions of the outer shaft. This equality is achieved by an appropriate selection of the number of gear teeth. When operating at 1 speed, gears 2, 5 and 8 rotate idle.

The gear ratio of the gearbox at the 1st speed is determined by the formula:

1-f

Z. Zi

The condition of equality of revolutions of the external and internal shafts is determined by the formula:

  3 -,

.2 2GB

where Z is the number of gear teeth (the index indicates the number of the gear shown in Fig. 1).

When operating at speed 2, clutch 13 is turned on and gear 8 is stopped. The wheel 2 rotates the satellite 5 running around the stationary wheel 8, and thus reports the rotation of the driver 9 with a peripheral speed at a radius of driver R "equal to v, and w ,, more than the peripheral speed of the driver &" when working at 1st speed ( Fig. 3).

At the same time, the satellite 4, rolling on the wheel 7, rotates the satellite, which in turn drives the gear wheel b, and with it the internal shaft, //.

Circumferential speed at wheel 6 () is greater than circumferential speed when operating at 1st speed (v &). Given the circumferential speed v to the radius of the driver, we can see that -г ,,, means the revolutions of the outer shaft are equal to the revolutions of the inner shaft (Fig. 3).

This is achieved by selecting the number of gear teeth according to the formula:

.

From the speed plan it can be seen that, when operating at speed 2, the wheel / turns faster than the speed of the crankshaft (), as a result, the free wheel mechanism is turned off and the wheel / idles.

The gear ratio of the gearbox at speed 2 is determined by the formula:

1ts -

1-f- S

2,

Subject invention

Claims (3)

1. A two-speed gearbox of coaxial screws, comprising two internal-gear sun wheels mounted on a crankshaft and engaged with a system of co-satellites, the leash of which is connected to the shaft of one screw, and the shaft of the second screw is connected to one of the satellites of the system by means of fixed on the shaft the sun gears, while the other satellites, rigidly connected with the first, run in a fixed sun wheel, characterized by the use of freely rotating and randomly braked sun The cage wheel 8 coupled to the third satellites 3 mounted on the same leash with the possibility of independent rotation relative to the other satellites and coupled to the sun wheel 2 of the drive shaft, the second sun wheel / matching the drive shaft with the freewheel clutch. 2. The form of the gearbox according to claim 1, wherein the one-way clutch is made multi-roller and in order to ensure that all the rows of rollers of the sprocket of each row are made separate spring couplings connected to the drive shaft. 3. Reducer 1P. 1, characterized by the use of propeller-warning screws when diving with an additional freewheel 16, one element of which is stationary and the other connected to a freely mounted sun wheel 8. // S 15 FIG. one If-5 FIG. four FIG. five Sili -j y