SU65660A1 - Hollow beam and method of its manufacture - Google Patents

Description

Hollow beams are known to form overlapping ceilings and other parts of structures made of asbestos cement sheets, of which the top sheet is U-shaped and bent and bonded with its bent edges MI with the bottom flat

The invention relates to beams of the specified type and consists in the fact that the edges of the top sheet are bent for connection with the bottom flat sheet inside the beam. In the upper corners of the U-shaped curved sheet can be made concavity like “quarters along the entire length of the beam.

In the method of making a hollow beam, the new feature of the U-shaped bending is that the uncured sheet of asbestos cement is spread on the bottom and the side walls of the open form, installed on the diaphragm sheet with the imitation slats and then raise the side walls of the form in the vertical position so that asbestos cement sheet is pressed against the diaphragms; The edges of the asbestos cement sheet are folded inwards on the longitudinal rails and a flat sheet of asbestos cement is placed on them for attachment.

On . the drawing of FIG. 1 depicts

The view of the proposed hollow core of asbestos cement, FIG. 2 and 3 - a beam in transverse and longitudinal sections; FIG. 4 - flooring of hollow beams, which laid lightweight concrete, FIG. 5 and 6-beam in the manufacturing process.

The beam consists of an asbestos cement sheet B, bent in the form of a symmetrical figure, having edges bent inwards and longitudinal depressions with sides; A band of sheet asbestos cement A is fixed to the edges of the .HicTa in one piece, so that a closed profile is formed in the section. Asbestos fibers in a curved. Test B are oriented in the transverse direction, in the A-strip in the longitudinal direction (the orientation of the fibers is shown in Fig. 1 by arrows). Sheet B is turned by its rough side (imprint of the Feli-transiiopTepa pap-machine) outward. In} gutra. Ksh the beam angle of the beam has several lengths of 1 transverse: x diaphragms D with notches / With a hole O in each. Diaphragms can be made of asbestos cement, wood, etc .; their purpose is to give the beam spatial rigidity. Bent sheet B may be made composite in length. moreover, it is advisable to grind overlap (Fig. 3). The lower band A on the extension of the band can be made varying in thickness, through the use of two or three raw pressed LDFs; This band also has a component. The first, sheet A, working in the design, the frame and the reinforcement sheet, and the sheet B, which receives the scaling and corrugated steel, as well as the width of the overlap of the composite sheets, are calculated.

Of hollow beams, the slab is constructed as follows.

Prior to laying the beams, their end-end S-bolt H is filled with concrete to receive vertical forces on the support (Fig. 3). Balkn is placed on the supports in the basement of the nastya (Fig. 4), to create a ceiling in the triangular sinuses above the longitudinal joints of the sheets / 1, forming the ceiling, it is possible to lay tarred E or other plastic gaskets. After the installation of the beams, and the meticulous salusto thalna nssunnuyu detachment. on top of them lay lsgk1: st concrete (for example, cinder, n; laxgns, onylochny gypsum n t. and.) of the required thickness. Wiring harnesses /: prevent the solution from flowing 1 under the overlap. Thanks to good adhesion to the surface. Asbestos-cement beams, concrete forms with it a monolithic small layer, working in the overlap of the structure, to the zone. Between the beams, the concrete forms a "lock C" (Fig. 4), ensuring the joint operation of the beams, is unopened) -; therefore, local loads are distributed over several balds. beams B, clamped by concrete and diaphragms, rapaHTHpO: UUibi from lateral deformations, so that the rigidity of the beam is ensured. On top of the uncovered or .1; cover part of the NOL or mole: you: the carpet is done in the usual manner. The ceiling of the overlap is also trimmed by any of the known methods, with the grooves between sheets A being puttied.

The manufacture of asbestos cement hollow beams is carried out in the following way. Curved element B is made of. asbestos-cement sheet removed from the pan-mashnna format drum and cut across (forming the drum) into strips of the required width; length) 1.6:, g.

To form the sheet B, there is a enclosing form (Figs. 5 and 6), consisting of three well-connected parts, 1, 2 and 2, which can be opened. The walls of the form are made of waterproof plywood or tin and equipped with fins. A sheet of asbestos cement forming the jr eHT in the beams is spread out raw on the open form with the rough side down, as shown in FIG. 5. If the sheet is: stationary, then parts of Oio here are overlapped, for which purpose the newly formed surfaces are frizzled, wetted with cement; mololkol1 and squeezed by crushing with a small vibrotram. Hi. the raw sheet is placed in the diaphragm D in the required places, mainly in the iiecTax staples of sheet B. On the b (cut ;;; bottom:;: the ragmas are stacked with rake 3 and about Ng; sushne L. line beams. Then the side 2 n 2 forms are lifted so that the asbestos cement sheet is pressed to the inner side. To the lateral side :, diaphragms D. The edge of the sheet is folded inwards and laid on top of the rails 5, o, thus raw asbestos11, semenna, th sheet B but exhausts its final shape . Bottom face L bgl: and is made of asbestos psmsptn with Io ;, - chgta, removed from the format drum cut in the length (i.e., but the circumference of the drum) per nolos (necessary shistotsssnta no.tosa (nln a few nolos in the raft and in the butt joint, according to nroe-ktu) in the raw form is laid on top {and the edge of the element B, the new surface to which are pre-filled and moistened with cement milk. The strips are laid on rails 4, 4; the sidewalls of the mold are fixed to clamp 5, and then, to obtain a short-term connection of an Elune L with an elongate B, a distemper of the compound is produced by a small vibrorammer. Upon attaining sufficient strength, the product is released from the external form and guided solidly into the chamber ;; and. - {The presence of through holes (air holes) in the diaphragms D contributes to a better steaming of the product. Wood rails 3, 3. can be left in the product and use IiaTbCH in the floor to strengthen the scrubber: telnye devices, etc. purposes. It is also possible their izalskag after pre-hardening of the product. In the ETHOL1 case, for the convenience of removing the rail, they are made from segments of half the length of the beam and each segment is made of two longitudinal parts that are joined together into a cone.

It is also possible to manufacture a beam using gluing; in this case, the part B with diaphragms is molded separately and brought to full curing, the part .4 is also manufactured separately and the hardening hardens. The connection of these parts is made on strong glue (for example, on waterproof phenol-formaldehyde glue, on case-by-case, carbino-r glue mt. I ;.) with pressing-in of the connected parts.

The described construction can be used for building the floor and attic floors of residential and residential buildings, as well as coatings for industrial buildings.

Application offer:, goy design is especially effective in treeless areas and, if necessary, saving metal. When this is done, you can get the following advantages: a) non-combustibility of the structure, b) industrialism of the manufacture of basic elements, i.) Assembly, d) low weight of individual beams and total overlap in general, e) possibility of using lightweight concrete from local materials - hins, slag, without the use of metal, which is susceptible to corrosion in such concretes, e) low cement consumption only for the thin shell of the structure, g) cover the heat insulating and sound insulating qualities due to the properties of asbestos cement and the presence of zdushnogo layer. The beam construction of the beam makes it possible to obtain the flooring from ilotically cohesive beams, which work as self-supporting parts of the ceiling, without a device I /: - do beams of concrete structural ribs, as is the case in the well-known structures.

Eoton enters the minimum amount of wood beams with cement beams only to form a lock (or key) that allows the beads to work together.

The use of diaphragms, which, in general, are known, but cannot be applied in hollow beams from YaSbestotsement, molded with the help of internal liners, significantly enhances the rigidity of the wall beam and, consequently, the bearing capacity of the slab.

Subject invention

Claims (3)

1. A hollow beam to form a floor of floors and other parts of the structure, made of asbestos-like or similar sheets, of which the top sheet is U-shaped and bent and fastened with its own edges to bend with the bottom flat sheet so that the edges of the top sheet are bent to join with flat l ;; stamp inside the beam. 2. The beam is emptied according to claim 1. about the t and the fact that in the upper corners of the U-shaped sheet is made concavity like the fourth quarter along the Hceii length of the beam. 3. Method of making hollow core according to sub-item 1 p 2, about t of l and h and yu:, and with the fact that the non-curing sheet of asbestos is intended for U-shaped bending is laid out on the bottom and the side walls of the opened one and installed on the sheet of the diaphragm with the longitudinal, athea: Lateral steppes of the mold are placed in a vertical position, pressing the sheet spread on them to the diaphragms, bend the edges of this sheet on the longitudinal slats and lay on them the asbestos cement for attaching. FIG. 2 n- FIG. 3 FIG. four