SU651719A3 - Building member - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the fabrication of elements, in particular, to building panels of various types made of plastics and used in residential construction and other areas of the national economy. V The closest technical solution to the invention is the construction element, including a base of foam with non-stressed metal fiber and glass fiber reinforced resin coating. Such panels have good mechanical properties due to the heat between the base and the coating, which is provided in the manufacture of elements during the curing of the resin that makes up the coating. The disadvantage of such building elements is that, with their small thickness, they are not strong enough to flex, which narrows the scope of their application. When introducing internal stiffness elements, the structure of building elements becomes more complicated, since the element has to be divided into parts, between which stiffeners are inserted. The aim of the invention is to increase the mechanical strength and rigidity of a building element. Pl this in a building element, including a base, for example, from a foam with a non-stressed metal reinforcement and a coating of resin reinforced with fiberglass, the reinforcement is placed between the base and the coating. FIG. 1 shows the proposed construction element (at the time of manufacture); in fig. 2, 3, 4 - embodiments of the element. The building element includes a base 1 of foam and a coating 2 of resin reinforced with fiberglass, and an unstressed metal and shagura 3 is placed between the base and the coating. The building element is made in the following way. A layer 5 of a finishing material dp is applied to the wall of the mold 4. On layer 5 one or non-layers of layers of textiles or fiberglass impregnated with an {unsaturated resin, for example polyester, are applied. On the layer 5 is placed a plate-base 1, for example of foam. This plate-base is made with parallel grooves made from cooking the plate or by additional processing. In these grooves, an unstressed metal armature 3 is placed. On the other surface, a layer 2 of the base plate 1 of textiles or glass fabric soaked in a non-stiffened resin is placed. The mold is closed with a lid, the surface of which is covered with a layer of a substance for finishing. The metal armature is placed in the grooves after they are coated with resin, and the fabric impregnated with resin is placed on the reinforced plastic plate. After removing the product, a building element is formed from the mold (a panel which, by mechanical properties, prevails over panels of already known types, but not equipped with metal reinforcement. This result is due to the connection between the reinforcement metal with a film (s) or coating of the panel which, in turn polymerization of the resin in contact with the metal fittings and the glass fabric is ensured, and the glass fabric is firmly fastened to the base 1. In another embodiment (FIG. 2) the panel holds the base of the floor Ivinyl chloride, provided on one surface with film 2 on a glass fiber reinforced substrate, and on the other surface with polyester film 2, reinforced with fiberglass with elements of metal fittings 3 on the inner surface. In the next embodiment (FIG. 3) the panel contains a base 1 polyvinyl chloride film with 2 Hia polyester base reinforced with glass fiber where reinforcement of the element 3 on both sides of the base of the panel is introduced on the inner side of the film. The surface of the panel thus reinforced is predetermined to work on stretching as soon as the film is bent. The presence of metal reinforcing elements also increases durability. panels to compress. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, n & The pel contains polyvinyl chloride base 1 with parallel metal reinforcing elements 3 under the cover 2. On the other hand, Layer 6 of fiber cement (etternit) is applied to the base, while coating 2 is made of glass-fiber reinforced polyester composition. The proposed construction element is suitable mainly in all those cases where panels are used, containing a plywood base and a glass-fiber reinforced plastic coating (e.g. for building containers for land or sea transport). With the same strength and cost, such panels are approximately twice as light as multi-layer plywood panels. The proposed construction element is also suitable for housing, for the manufacture of walls, doors, roofs, etc. Its enhanced mechanical characteristics allow it to be used with a small thickness. The base can be made of polyurethane or polystyrene, or of phenolic foam. The equipment for the manufacture of building elements may contain a table on which a layer is applied for final processing, then a resin, then textiles or fiberglass, then a pre-extruded material supplied with reinforcing elements in contact with the resin, then the whole system is subjected to pressure, for example overlay plastic sheet under the action of vacuum. In some cases, resin polymerization is accelerated by heating. These elements have high mechanical properties, as well as extruded material properties. Making easy n cheap. In cases where increased fire resistance is required, the use of phenolic resins is contemplated for the considered external coatings of such panels. Panels are made of various thickness from 12-15 mm to 150 mm and more. The plastic for making the body of the panels usually has a density on the order of O, OZ-0.15, their coefficient of resistance to compression, shear or stretching is from 1-2 kg / cm to 10 kg / cm. The thickness of the outer film of the coating is 1-2 mm, the weight of the panel with a thickness of 15 mm to 2-30 mm is less than 10 kg / m. If necessary, very large panels can be made: up to 50 m long and up to 2.5 m wide .

Claims (1)

1. Ivanov A. M, The use of plastics in building structures and parts of buildings, Moscow, 1965, p. 125  x.t- -X - x-- //// xx; Yg x; r ;; ; - xvv //, / -, ;;