SU63539A1 - Steel testing machine - Google Patents

Description

The object of the present invention is a machine for testing steel by the bending method of a single cantilever beam. Existing types of test machines are complex and often cumbersome mechanisms. ; This is caused by the nature of the testing process, in which large forces act on the test sample. Using the bending method of the odion cantilever beam, it is possible to conduct tests of steel samples, having the form of rods, without resorting to large loading forces. In this case, a bending moment is used, therefore, a reduction in the force is achieved due to the length of the test rod.

The proposed machine for testing steel rods by the method of bending differs in the application of a load of steel, as an exciter of loads, and a tape is used to transfer the forces, which is fixed at one end on a disk sitting on the common with a smallpox. The other end of this tape is connected to the loaded end of the test specimen by means of a frame with a knife, which can fit into a special kerf on the sample.

In FIG. I depicts the front view of the proposed machine.

FIG. 2 is a side view and FIG. 3

view along arrow A of FIG. I.

The whole mechanism of the machine is installed on two cast-iron legs, forming the frame of the first machine.

The mechanism that creates the load is as follows. The steel struts 2 are carried on a Krivoshchip 3 ball bearing, which is associated with a rifled vp 4, moved under the action of a pair of bevel gears 5 from the handle 6. If you rotate the handle 6, the crank axis will rotate and, consequently, the cartridge 7 will rotate serving to grip the test rod 8. The sample is captured on the principle of a single cantilever beam. The cartridge has removable sleeves 9 for gripping rods of different diameters. Screws 10 serve to fasten the specimens. One end of the specimen is fastened in the cartridge, while the other end is connected by means of a tape 11 with a pathogen of loads — a cargo carrier 16. The link of the specimen with the tape is arranged in such a way that the specimen will not experience any other stresses except bending.

For this purpose, the steel strip 11 ends with a frame 13 (FIG. 3) in which the knife 14 is placed; the knife enters into a special cutting in the specimen and, therefore, during the loading process it cannot jump off the specimen or create a load distorting the picture of the test material.

At the other end, the tape 11 is attached to the disk 15, which sits on the same axis as the ball 16. If you stretch the tape upwards, then the face will deflect and provide resistance equal to the tension of the tape. The rod 12, carrying the weight 17 of the tambour 16, has a screw thread, so that the load 17 can move along it to set different scales of sensitivity. The vertical rod 18 serves to mark the installation of the load 17 of the trough 16 at the desired sensitivity; for this purpose, the corresponding risks are applied to it, which at the time of permutations coincide with the end of the pointed tube 19. The axis of the pendulum suspension operates on two ballon sharpeners. The whole talon is suspended on the brackets 20. On one axis with the tandem there is a fixed carrier 21, which ends with a roller locking in the canal 22 connected with a rifled roller 23. The latter turns the dial hands.

Dial 24 loads has three hands. Arrow 25 is leading and control for counting loads; Scale 26 is graded in kilograms. Arrow 27 serves to count the deformations; scale 28 is graduated in millimeters. Arrow 29 is used to count the angles of rotation of the curve; the disk 30 is graduated in degrees.

To install the arrows in zero zero, the threaded roller 23 has a head 31. Despite the fact that the test rod rotates, the absolute bend of this rod can be counted on the dial of the loads. This is achieved by the following device. The frame 13 has a shank 32, to which is attached the lace passing through the roller 33, reinforced on the bar 34. The bar itself sits on the axis of the crank 3.

By turning the crank, the paw 34 turns to the same angle as the crank itself. The lace from the shank 32 goes through the roller 33 to the axis of the arrow 27. The axes of the dial face the axis of the crank. If the crank or shaft 34 rotates, then the deformation needle will be stationary, but if this rotation rotates the test rod, the deformation arrow will deflect, as the cord will pull and move by an amount equal to the deformation.

Weights 35 and 36 pull back the free ends of the pin.

Work in maschine is performed as follows. The sample rods are prepared (400 mm long), and a knife blade is made at the ends of the samples. Then the specimen is clamped into the cartridge 7, the frame 13 is suspended at the other end of the specimen, the hands of the load dial 24 are set to zero position, after which the cord, which sets the movement of the deformation arrow 27, is tied to the shank, is fitted on the rollers and the deformation needle is set to zero position. After this preparation, the machine is adjusted to action. The handles of the loading mechanism rotate and gradually load the specimen, stopping at certain intervals to record the force and deformation.

Subject invention

A steel testing machine using the single-cantilever bend method, characterized by using the load of the 16th load as the driver, and, as a force transmitter, the And tape, which is fixed at one end on the disk 15, which sits on the axis 16, and the other is associated with the loadable end of the test sample by means of a frame 13 with a knife 14 intended to enter a special kerf on the sample.

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