US1184034A - Testing-machine. - Google Patents

Description

H. L. SCOTT.

TESTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 9. 1915.

Patented May 23, 1916.

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HENRY L. sooner, or PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND.

TESTING-MACHINE.

To all whom it may concern:

Be, it known that I, HENRY L. Soon, a citizen of the United States, and resident of the city of Providence, in the county of Providence and State of Rhode Island,

have invented certain new and useful- Improvements in Testing-Machines, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates totesting machines of the class designed more particularly for exhibiting the breakingtensile strength in pounds or other unit of measure of textiles or other-materials. I

The object of the invention is to provide means for applying a tension to the material to betested, sufficient to break the same, and also vto provide means whereby the cross section of the material ;may be reduced to a predetermined dimension during the strain applying operation,'for the purpose of accurately obtaining its tensile strength.

' appended claims.

With these and other objects in view,-the invention consists of certain novel features of construction, as will be more fully described, and particularly pointed out in the In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a side elevation partly in section show one'form of testing machine to which my improved device is shown as being attached. Fig. 2 is aside elevation partly in section showing one form of severing demachine.

vice and a portion of the means whereby it may be attached to the tension applying Fig. .3- is a'perspective view showing thefgrippi'ng jaws engaging opposite ends of the narrow strip of fabric and representing a strip as having been pulled apart also showing the severing device in position to operate upon a strip held between the jaws. Fig. 4- represents a strip 'of material with its opposite edges cut inward a predetermined depth.

The usual method of testing woven fabrics such as cloth, canvas and the-like, is to strip the materialinto Ilill'IOWJVldthS, usually about one inch wide and then apply a strain to'the strip sufficient to pull the fabric apart, but it is found that such a test is quite unsatisfactory, particularly with the'heavier fabrics such as canvas, duck orthe like, for the reason that in weaving, the

warp threads are passed alternately over and under the weft threads and are thus formed in a wavy or sinuous line which Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 23,- 1916.

Application filed Janua-ry 9,1915. Serial No. 1,460. I

which is about twice the width-of that de-' sired for the actual breaking test. To 'this I apply a predetermined tension and then cut or otherwise sever and reduce the cross section of the material to a predetermined dimension, preferably by cutting'the warp threads-at the opposite edges, and then continue the application of the power until the strip is broken, the breaking strain being indicated on a graduated dial. By

this means the weft threads are firmly held by the ends of the interwoven warp threads from 'raveling orstraightening, thus the uncut warp threads of the full remaining inch will hold their original woven shape, and so take their full share of the load permitting an accurate test to be obtained of the fabric.

In the drawings I have illustrated one form of tension applying mechanism in. 'which- 10 and-11 designate the opposite supports which are connected together by means of a plurality, of tie rods'12, on the upper pair of which are supported longitudinal rails 13 on which roll the two carriages 15 and Non their respective wheels 17 and 18.

The carriage 15 is connected by a chain 19.

to the hub 20 which is mounted on suitable anti'friction bearings in the head 21. To this hub is secured a pair of pendulum arms 22 and to the lower portions of these arms 'is secured an adjustable weight 23 by the screw 24. A gear segment 25 is also connected to this hub 20 to engage with the pinion 26 and so. operate the pointer 27 to indicate in poundsor other unit of measure on a fixed. graduated dial 28 the amount of ten sion which is being exerted on the material through the chain 19. On'this carriage 15 is mounted a gripping jaw 29 which may be operated by the hand screw '30 and a duplicate jaw 31 is connected to the carriage 16, its loose jaw being pivoted at 32 and iio operated by the hand screw 33; To the carriage 16 is connected a long tension screw 34 which passes through the head 35 in which is mounted suitable mechanism edges thus reducing the effective cross section of the .material to a predetermined dimension, and to accomplish this in a simple and effective way, I have shown one form of mechanism which is that of a standard portion 37 which may be clamped by means of a screw 39 through the front bar 38 to the tie rods 12 and on this standard I have pivoted at 41 a cutter arm 40. This arm is provided with a pair of blades 42 and 43 which are fastened'thereto by screws 44 and 45 and in order to provide a' suitable support for the material .while being cut, I hai e provided a rest arm 46 which is slotted at 47 and 48 to receive the blades 42 and 43 when the cutter arm descends to force these blades through oppo-- site edges of thematerial. Thisarm-40 is slotted longitudinally at about the screws 44 and 45 to permit the knives to be adjusted toward and from each other, and so regulate the depth of this cut in the oppo-'.

site edges of the material.

The operation of my improved mechanism is as follows :-The opposite ends of the material a to be tested are firmly gripped in the jaws 29 and 31 which are mounted on their respective carriages 15 and 16. At the beginning of the test the weight 23 hangs vertically and the pointer 27 indicates zero,

the strain is applied to the material by'rotating the handwheel 36thereby moving both carriages to the right and swinging the weight from its vertical positionand when the pointer indicates a predetermined amount the hand of the operator strikes the handle 49 of the knife arm and the blades 42 and 43 are forced down through the material severing the edges of the same inward a predetermined distance. These blades are immediately returned by the spring 50 and the tension process is continued until the material breaks at which time the porticn of the pointer is accurately noted thus indicating the exact tension in pounds or other unit of measure at which the material was severed. The pendulum arm 22 is provided 66 witha pawl 51 which contacts with the notched surface of the segment bar- 52 so that this weight and the pointer arecaused to remain in their advanced position until such time that it is desired to return them to normal which may be accomplished by a small reel 53 operated by the handle 54 to the strain applying .shown one form 0 wind up'the cord 55 andapply ,Suflicient tension on the arm 56 to'release the pawl 51 and then lower the weight back to normal.

It will be noted in Fig. 2 that have formed the cutter knives-of thin bladeshaving their edges beveled at an angle length wise, with their inner edges the -deepest, so

rial to a predetermined dimension during operation and I have plishing this result but any mechanism adapted to perform this function will fall withinthe spirit and scope of my invention.

I have described the testing strain on the fabric asbeing applied in the direction of its warp threads butthe same test may be mechanism for accommade equally as well in the direction of the weft threads if desired I claim: v 1 1 In a testing machine, means for applying tension to the material to be tested, a

.cutter for makinga slit in the edge of the loo material thereby reducing the same to a predetermined dimension to permit said tension applying means to break said reduced portion, and means in said 'machine'for supporting and guiding said cutter.

2. In a testing machine, means for apply-- in tension to the material to, be tested, a

plurality of cutting blades, cutters for making slits in opposite edges of the material thereby reducing the same to a predeter mined dimension to permitsaid tension ap-f plying means to break saidreduced portion, and means carried by the machine for supporting and guiding said cutters.

- 3. In a testing machine, means for applying a tension to the material to be tested, a pair ofspa'ced apart cutters for cutting slits in the edges of the material thereby reducing, the same to a predetermined dimension, to, permit said tension applying means to break said reduced portion, and a frame carried by the machine, in which SaldCllftGIS are mounted and guided. 4. Ina testing machine, means foitap ing a gradual tension to break the material ing a tension to a strip of material sufficient to break the same, means comprising a pair of cutting edges to cut slits simultaneously in opposite edges of the strip thereby reducing the same simultaneously in opposite edges of the strip reducing the same to a predetermined testing width during the strain applying operation, and means for guiding and controlling said cutting edges.

6. In a testing machine, means for applying a tension on a strip of material, a pair of cooperating spaced apart cutters for slitting opposite edges of the strip and so reducing the same to a predetermined'testing Width during the strain applying operation, means for guiding the cutters, and means for supporting the material about the cutters during the cutting operation.-

7 In a testing machine, means for a plying a'tension to a strip of material sufllcient spaced apart blades for cutting a narrow slit'in opposite edges of the strip, thereby reducing the same to a predetermined testing Width durin the strain applying operation said blade's being arranged to cut into the body of the fabric in a direction outward and toward its opposite edges.

- 8. In a testing machine, means for applying a tension to a strip of material suflicient to break the same, a pair of blades for cutting a harrovsyslit in opposite edges of the strip reducing the same to a predetermined testing Width during the strain applying operation, and means whereby the knives may be adjusted to regulate the distance between them.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

HENRY L. SCOTT.

Witnesses HOWARD E. BARLOW, A. F. MAGREADY.

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