SU617285A1 - Material briquetting apparatus - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to the processing of materials by pressure and can be used for briquetting materials, such as household waste.

A device for briquetting materials is known, comprising a loading chamber, a working chamber and a pressing plate with deforming pins located in the working chamber, an ejector plate and a movable abutment plate 1.

When forming a briquette for several strokes of the pressing plate, the individual pressed extrusions in this device are bonded by pushing the pins of the pressing plate with a portion of the pressed material with the next portion into the cavities of the previous portion formed by the dark pins on the pressing plate.

Such binding of portions is possible only for a dense, low-compressible material and is not suitable for a heterogeneous material, such as household waste. This is due to the fact that during the pressing process, especially in its initial stage, household waste is moved apart by pins, and not squeezed out of the next normal in the excavations of the previous norm.

The purpose of the invention is to ensure briquette transportability.

This is achieved in that the device is provided with an additional plate with through holes for deforming pins mounted on a pressing plate with the possibility of relative movement, and elastic elements mounted between the pressing and additional plates. FIG. 1 schematically shows a device for briquetting; in fig. 2 — nlating with additional liner; in fig. 3 - nolization of elements of the pressing plate at the final stage of pressing.

The device comprises a working chamber 1 communicating with the loading chamber 2, a pressing plate 3 brought into reciprocating motion by means of hydraulic cylinders 4.

On the pressure plate 3 there is mounted a lid-gate 5 with a drive from the hydraulics of Pindra 6. The pressing nolite 3 has deforming pins 7 on its upper surface, the ends of which are placed

in the holes of the additional plate 8.

Springs 9 are installed between the pressing 3 and the additional 8 plates. In the working chamber 1 opposite the pressing plate 3 a movable unorn is installed.

plate 10, mounted on the brush of the hydraulic cylinder And, the piston cavity of which is communicated through the throttle 12 with the drain. Parallel to the throttle 12, a check valve 13 is installed. Perpendicular to the working chamber 1, an ejector plate 14 is mounted to remove the finished briquette 15 from the device, driven by a hydraulic cylinder 16. In the lower part of the chamber 1, a valve 17 mounted with a hydraulic cylinder 18 is mounted, blocking the window 19 for unloading of the briquette 15. The cylinders 4 and 11 are communicated by pipelines with a drain and a pumping station (not shown) through the spools 20 and 21 connected to the control unit 22. The hydraulic cylinders (6, 16, and 18 are also controlled by spools (not shown in the drawing) are associated with the control unit 22. On the thrust plate 10, a rod 23 is installed that cooperates in the end position of the plate 10 with a limit switch 24 also connected to the block 22 management

The device works as follows.

At the actual position of the device, the pressing plate 3, the ejector plate 14 and the valve 17 are in the position shown in FIG. 1. The support plate 10 is in the extreme left position (shown by dotted lines). Household waste is loaded from the hopper into the working chamber 1 and uniformly fills the entire space of the working chamber 1 in the interval between the pressing 3 and the resistant 10 pieces. After filling the working chamber 1, a signal is sent to the control unit, which switches the valve 20 to a position that provides fluid supply to the piston cavity of the hydraulic motor 4 and the rod end of the hydraulic cylinder 6. The process of compaction of waste with an additional plate 8, the first part of which is located, begins c in the working chamber 1, is separated by means of a cover-gate 5 with the remaining part of the waste in the bunker. When a certain portion of waste reaches a certain density, the force from the hydraulic cylinder 4 is transmitted through the mass of waste on the hydrocylon plate 11 of the support plate 0, from the piston cavity of which the liquid begins to be displaced through the throttle 12 on the drain. The hole in the throttle 12 and the speed of movement of the pressing plate 3 are designed in such a way as to provide the necessary pressure on the extruded portion of waste. In the process of operation, the pressing plate 3 reaches the rightmost edge.

(in Fig. 1 is shown by a dotted line), and the stop plate 10 moves away from its extreme left position to a distance equal to the thickness of the pressed waste portion, while the springs 9 are compressed, and the free ends of the shields 7 come out of the hole in the additional plate 8, embedded into the preformed last portion of the waste, forming a recess in it. The extreme position of the pressing plate 3 is fixed by a position sensor (not shown in the drawing), at a signal from which the control unit instructs the actuators to return to the original floor {pressing plate. After filling the second portion

the waste of the above described actions of the .MOii mechapods are repeated. At the same time, the pins 7 are inserted into the second portion of waste pre-pressed by the plate 8, having pressed part of its mass into the grooves of the previous

portions of waste and form in it the grooves, similar to the grooves in the previous portion. Thus, all subsequent portions of the waste are compressed and bound together. When the abutment plate 10 reaches the rightmost position, the rod 23 acts on the limit switch 24, which supplies a signal to the control unit 22. On this signal, the block 22 actuates the hydraulic cylinder 18,

moving the valve 17 to open the window 19. After opening the latter, the hydraulic cylinder 16 of the pusher plate 14 is activated, which removes the finished briquette from the working chamber and all the elements

devices occupy the original position.

FORUMU 11 3 (; b ete and u

A device for briquetting materials, comprising a loading chamber, a working chamber and a pressure plate located in the working chamber with deforming pins, an ejector pusher and a movable abutment plate characterized by

so that, in order to ensure the transportability of the briquette, it is provided with an additional plate with through holes for deforming pins, mounted on a pressing plate with a BOSMOL of relative displacement, and elastic elements installed between the pressing and additional plates.

Sources of information, Pripu tju in attention at examination

1. US patent No. 3988978, CL. 100-35, onub. 1969.

--ABOUT

II7 7

one