SU61309A1 - Gas generator for fine fuel, such as sawdust, etc. - Google Patents

Description

Burning sawdust, shavings and other similar garbage in the gas generators of conventional systems is either very difficult or completely impossible due to the high degree of grinding of these garbage, as well as their high degree of moisture. Various systems of gas generators, providing for such fuels, the installation inside the working chamber of various mechanical strokes and layer disintegrators, have not found wide industrial application. Such mechanisms are unreliable in conditions of relatively high temperatures, as well as bulkiness with relatively low productivity and difficult maintenance.

The gas generator described here refers to the type of gas generators that work on the principle of forcing the fuel layer (displacement) from below, inside the gas chamber, where the fuel layer moving at the required speed, enclosed in a vertical pipe, without air from outside, successively passes the stage of drying to a partial degree. carbonization and significant release of volatiles.

In such a device, fuel layers loosened by liberated gases, by means of pressure from below, are gradually displaced from the pipe and fall in the form of separate cascades, already in the state of charred wood, onto the air-supporting pipe system. Here, the volatilization is completed and the process of gasifying the coal pieces under the conditions of correspondingly limited supply of air to this zone begins, with the aim of obtaining maximum CO on the gas working line or by adjusting the suction of the engine. Gas pressure can be balanced.

No. 61309-2 A distinctive feature of the gas generator according to the invention is that the air intake pipe is made in the form of a coil located around the fuel inlet pipe.

The drawing shows a schematic diagram of the gas generator.

In the gasifier, the cover / gas chamber is hermetically connected to the cylindrical part 2 of the chamber lined inside by refractory brick lining 3. Between these walls there is a space into which the produced gas passes through the gas vent window 4 into the gas main 5. The cylindrical upper part 2 of the chamber is also hermetically connected to the conical part 6, which has a refractory lining 7. Air is blown into the space between these walls. the torus 8 through the control-shut-off valve 9 into the spiral air supply pipe (coil) 10. The upper end of this pipe is plugged, as a result of which the air supplied to the pipe enters different parts ki downward layer of fuel through the slit-like holes in the directions indicated by arrows in the drawing. To protect it from exposure to high temperatures, the pipe is externally covered with a layer of refractory material held on the surface of the pipe by means of hooks welded to various parts of this pipe. The main fuel supply, and the pipe 11 is made of steel and outside, i.e., from the chamber side, is also coated with a refractory composition. At the bottom of the main pipe, a fuel feed is mounted to 12, supported by the thrust plate 13 and rotated either directly from the electric motor or through the pulley 14 from the transmission. A layer of fuel 15 (sawdust, shavings, small schenka or even wood fine debris, or stone coal fines) is free on an inclined plane or forcibly falls to the receiving window 16, where the screw 12 is picked up gradually moving along the pipe // upwards. The burning down layer of fuel around the pipe from the chamber side transfers its heat to this pipe by direct contact and radiation. The heat transfer through the pipe walls inside its fuel will gradually dry, and then start gasifying, and the outgoing gases will only have an exit from the top of the pipe into the gas chamber, since the outer end is blocked by a rotating worm and continuously flowing fuel. Since such a pipe will heat up significantly, the sub-suspension and gasification inside the pipe will be very intensive. As a consequence, the gases released from the fuel, transferring their heat to the central zone, will tend to escape, loosening the moving overlying layers, which, under the action of pressure from the screw to the lower layers, will be forced out of the pipe and freely fall down in a cascade completely charred layers of fuel lying on the spiral pipe 10, covering its coils from all sides. The heated air entering through the pipe gaps in a limited amount will react with this coal to form CO and other combustible gases. The resulting ash will freely fall into the lower cylindrical part of the gas generator, from where it can periodically, without interrupting the generator, be removed by direct blowing, controlled by valve 17 and mounted on the ash ash tray connected to the ash valve and branch 18.

In the gasifier, the water gas cooler 19 is provided with a bottom part of the settling tank, a shut off valve 20, by means of which water and settling resins accumulating in the settling tank are periodically released into the tank 21.

subject matter

Gas generator for fine fuel, such as sawdust, etc., with central fuel supply pipe and perforated pipes for air supply and distribution located in the loaded fuel layer, characterized in that air supply pipes are made in the form of a coil located around the fuel supply pipe respectively lower conical parts of the gas generator's crankshaft with a tilt angle equal to the angle of repose of the gasified fuel.

No. 61309

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