SU594064A1 - Method of cutting sheet material - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the processing, in particular, cutting of sheet brittle material. There is a method of cutting glass, which includes the application of the notch line and the subsequent breaking l. The disadvantages of the method are low cutting quality and low productivity. Methods of glass cutting are also known, including applying a notch line by applying a load along this line, as well as a subsequent break pj and t3j. When an incision is made on the material being cut, there always appears a crack going deep into, around which chips are formed on the surface of the material, which degrades the quality of the cut. The purpose of the invention is to increase the quality of cutting. This is achieved by the fact that in the method of cutting sheet material, predominantly glass, including the application of cutting lines and the subsequent fracture, before applying the cutting line along the latter, a force is applied which does not exceed the material failure limit a-la. X When the surface of fragile bodies is scratched of particles of material, and the formation of a network of microcracks propagating deep into the body. The layer of the body in which microcrystals and macrocracks are widespread is called the pre-fracture zone. At the same time, the strength of the material in the pre-destruction zone is always lower than its original strength. A microcrack pre-crush zone can also be created without separating material particles. Such a zone can be created, for example, by applying a force to the surface of a brittle material using a tool with a curved shape of the working surface with a small roughness. If in the pre-destruction zone the material is cut with a wedge-shaped tool that creates a concentrated load, then a crack occurs, spreading deep into the material. At the same time, a smaller load must be applied to cause this crack.

than when cutting beZS: Creating a pre-destruction zone.

When cutting materials according to the proposed cnocii6y, before applying a notch to the surface of the material being cut, an effort is made and the NA forces a curvilinear form of the working part, for example a smoother with a toroidal shape of the smoothing part. In this case, the force H8 must exceed the requirement of the matter destructiveness of the material.

 The value depends on the material being cut in the shape and roughness of the con. Tactical surfaces and selected experimentally. For example, when cutting glass with a surface roughness of a toroidal tip of 0.8 - Os4 µm, the eye is within a kg. In this case, the force on the cutter is reduced by and the csopc-cTb cutting can be increased from l-ljS m / s. up to 2-2.5 jvi / ceE.

A reduction in force on the rezi in the proposed psaKd mode allows you to improve the quality of the 9th cutter, cutting speed; what improves performance ,,

For experiments from a sheet with a thickness of 3 mm, kareaal strip with a width of SO and a diameter of 350 mm. Do not stripes created, call the pre-destruction with the help of ironed with the shape of the working part; Of the synthetic synthetic fibers, qo by the following parameters s R 2.5 mm, s О, Bmy rough surface R Os8-.Oj4 iviKivi ,,

Effort to press the holder to the ho & epXHOC glass 1.5 kgf. Then, in the pre-destruction zone, an incision was made with a glass cutter made of synthetic diamond, type TU88 USSR, ISM 254-74. The incision rate was changed from 0.5 to 3.0 m / s after 0.5 m / s. After that, 5 samples of 50-50 mm in size were cut from one psi wasp for a bend to fracture test and 3 mm each. yes, measuring the depth of the formed cracks and determining the quality of cutting (formation of surface chips),

The samples were destroyed at a rate of application of a bending moment of 135 mm / m. The stress destruction was calculated from the shape. 5-Pp-a .6 „---- g - (. Kg / mm),

2b-h

where: RJ destructive load, kg; ez1, is the distance between the supporting blades, mm; L is the sample width, mm; H - sample height, mm.

The tests were carried out by 1FI temperature 2O n relative humidity of 70-80%.

The dimensions of the crustal and velvet osprey were measured on a microscope. .

, -Technical indicators of the methods were compared with the same dilution, for example, HilKf-EQUAL;, 6 .KG / MM. ,,

The results of comparative tests are given in the table. ,

Tests have shown that the proposed method, with the same breaking stress, gives smaller surface splits, which improves the quality of cutting, and also creates a crack of the same depth and requires less force on the glass cutter, which increases the resistance of the glass cutter. Besides

In addition, the proposed method allows an increase in the rate of incision, which allows machine cutting to increase productivity.

Claims (3)

The expected economic effect from the implementation of the proposed method is 1OOOOO. , 594O 5 Formulaisobrbtenn Method of cutting sheet material, especially glass, including the application of the cutting line and the subsequent fracture, about t and a and y with the fact that, in order to improve the quality of cutting, before applying the cutting line along the last, apply a force not exceeding the limit of destruction of the material, 4. . “Sources of information taken into consideration during the examination: 1. German patent No. 1496435, cl. 32 a 33/04, 1970. 2. US patent No. 3865673, cl. 161-1, 1975, 3. CUIA patent number 3865294, cl. 226-2, 1975,