SU578842A3 - Method of treatment of porous materials - Google Patents

Description

(54) METHOD FOR PROCESSING POROUS MATERIALS

one

The invention relates to the woodworking industry, in particular to a method for treating porous materials, for example wood, for the purpose of applying a permanent coating to a material.

A method of treating porous materials, such as wood, is known by propigating them with sulphate liquor and subsequent heating.

However, the material impregnated in this way is not sufficiently stable.

The aim of the invention is to obtain a material with a constant waterproof color.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the porous material is impregnated with a 3-6% aqueous sulphite liquor solution with a lignosulfonic acid content from 4O to 1OO%, heating is carried out to a temperature of 62-232 ° C for a period of time sufficient for the polymerization of lignophosphate. The impregnation of the material is carried out from 2 to 72 hours at a solution temperature of from 20 to 93 ° C, and after impregnation the material is dried in air.

Example 1. A 25% solution of spent calcium sulphite liquor is depleted in calcium ions by adding sulfuric acid to the colony | dostochno-dl,: reaction, L 95% of calcium in the liquor. The calcium sulphate formed during the reaction is removed by filtration. The resulting solution is used as an impregnator for applying paint to a sample of birch plywood with a thickness of 1.58 mm.

A sample of birch plywood is immersed in an impregnator overnight, then it is kept in air overnight and then heated for 4 minutes to 135 ° C to polymerize the lignosulfonic acids present in it. Sample I

Sprayed plywood is colored through brown, similar to walnut wood. The painted sample is immersed for 10 minutes in boiling water to determine the water resistance of the paint. After the prosushchifak it is checked - no significant damage to the color was found.

Claims (3)

Example 2. A 25% solution based on calcium sulfite liquor is depleted in calcium ions by adding sulfuric acid Above enough to react with 95% of the calcium present in the liquor. The calcium sulphate formed during the reaction is removed by filtration. The resulting solution is heated to 10O min of 93 ° C to thicken a brown color and is used as an impregnator to color a sample of birch plywood with a thickness of 1.58 mm. A sample of plywood is poured overnight at the specified impregnator, which has a room temperature. The impregnated sample is dried overnight and heated for 4 minutes (without pressure) at 135 ° C to polymerize and insolubilize the lignosulfonic acids present in the plywood. The plywood acquires a brown color that is darker than that of the sample in Example 1. EXAMPLE 3 2 A 5% solution of a calcium based sulfite liquor is treated with a sufficient amount of sulfuric acid, which reacts with 75% of the calcium present in the liquor. The solution is purified by filtration and then maple plywood with a thickness of 1.58 mm is used as an impregnator for coloring a sample. A sample of maple plywood Immersed for 1O minutes in an impregnator, which is heated to a temperature of 93 ° C. The impregnated sample is passed in air and then heated for 4 minutes to 1350 ° C. A sample of plywood acquires a brown color. A separate sample of birch plywood (7.6 cm "15.2 cm" 0.16 cm) is immersed .--- in 72 h in 12.5% and 50% solutions of ammonium-based sulfite liquor. Impregnated plywood samples squeeze in air for 24 hours and then heat 4 minutes to. Lignosulfonic acids are polymerized by heat treatment, while the heat of the press partially destroys the ammonium salts in the spent sulfite liquor. Samples of plywood acquire a brown color, and dissolve the treated 509o-1m darker than the samples treated with a 12.5% solution. Staining is carried out with an impregnator containing ammonium-based sulphite liquor, which is partially decaturated by heating. The coating obtained is less water resistant than that described in Examples 1 and 2, however, such an impregnator is also successfully used for wood staining. Example 4 2 A 5% solution of spent calcium sulfite liquor base is depleted in calcium ions by adding sulfuric acid in an amount sufficient to react with 5% of the calcium present in the liquor. The calcium sulphate formed during the reaction is removed by filtration. The resulting solution of partially free lignosulfonic acids is used as an impregnator to color a sample of plywood made from 1.58 mm thick. A sample of plywood was dipped in an impregnator overnight, and the impregnated sample was allowed to air overnight, after which it was heated for 4 minutes while polymerizing lignosulfonic acids of plywood. The sample is colored brown, which is water resistant. Example 5. Samples of birch plywood with a size of 1.5 cm "7.2 cm" 0.16 cm are saturated with the following aqueous solutions: 1) 1O% solution of calcium-based sulfite liquor. 2) 1O% solution of spent calcium sulphite liquor, treated with a sufficient amount of sulfuric acid to precipitate wt% of cations and filtered from the resulting calcium sulphate; 3) A 10% solution of a calcium based sulfite liquor, from which 1OO% cations are removed. Each sample of plywood is immersed in one of the solutions for 24 hours. Impregnated samples are dried in air 24 hours in a press under a pressure of 10.5 kg / cm at different temperatures, and then checked for the degree of color. Samples treated with the 1st solution acquire a slight color or do not stain at all, even when heated to 210 ° C. Samples treated with a 2nd paci thief have a smooth brown color with increasing intensity from oak to dark brown with an increase in rtbO temperature to 24 ° C. Samples treated with the 3rd solution are even more intensely colored than the samples treated with the 2nd solution. The results of these tests show that an aqueous solution containing untreated spent sulphite liquor does not paint the wood to any desired level even when it is saturated with this solution and is heated to a high temperature. Wood, impregnated with a solution of spent sulphite liquor of the same concentration, but from which 40% by weight of basic ions are removed, acquires a brown color, the intensity of which varies depending on the heating temperature and the amount of basic ions removed from the spent sulphite liquor. The proposed method makes it possible to improve the quality of the wood, since its fibers, impregnated with ligno-scent and foxpot, are subjected to chain sampling, protected by these acids. As a result, the coloring is uniform, because the copmerizable acids are evenly distributed between and around the woks; moreover, the product is more dense. When the plywood processed by the proposed method is scratched and bare, the unpainted tree does not open (as it does on a tree on which surface paint is applied, packaged, etc.), since the lower layer of fibrous material has the same color w the same characteristics as the surface layer surrounding the scratched area. Therefore, damage cannot be detected immediately, and the integrity of the original appearance of the plywood is preserved. By processing the wood according to the proposed method, the dimensional stability and hardness of soft woods can be significantly improved, which will allow soft woods that have not previously been used in industry to be used for various industrial purposes. Claims 1. A method of treating porous materials, for example wood, by impregnating with sulphite liquor and subsequent heating, is different. so that, in order to obtain a material with a consistent waterproof color, the porous material is impregnated with a 3-60% aqueous solution of sulfite liquor with a lignosulfonic acid content of 4O to 1OO%, and the heating is carried out to a temperature of 62-232 ° C for a time polymerization of lignosulfonic. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the impregnation of the material is carried out from 2 to 72 hours at a solution temperature from 2 to 93 ° C. 3. Method pop. 1 and 2, characterized in that the material after impregnation is dried in air.