SU574388A1 - Method of automatic control of gas-phase chlorination process - Google Patents

Description

one

This invention relates to the field of automatic control of chemical, petrochemical, and exploratory technology processes and may be used to automatically regulate catalytic chlorination processes.

There is a known method for automatically controlling chlorination processes by maintaining reagent consumption at a predetermined ratio and temperature in a 1J reactor. However, this method does not provide the required accuracy of maintaining the ratio of reagent costs, provided that their composition varies.

The closest to the technical drying of the invention is the method of automatic control of the gas-phase chlorination process in a fluidized bed reactor with forced refrigerant injection by maintaining the temperature in the reactor and the ratio of raw material and chlorine consumption by changing the chlorine consumption.

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But this method maintains such a flow rate of one of the components in order to maintain the stoichiometric cost ratio, which is established by the absence of an increase in the temperature of the reaction mixture after mixing it with a part of the said component, since this indicates

that the reaction in the reactor is complete.

The disadvantages of this method include its low dynamic properties, so

as a regulating effect is produced depending on the temperature, an emulator is ohm at a point that is outside the reaction zone, and this reduces the control level. In addition, in the case of

the successive chain of exothermic reactions, when the target product is B, the absence of a temperature increase in itself can mean that a reaction has occurred and a by-product has been formed. This leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the reaction of the uni process.

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the process and increase the accuracy of the adjustment.

This is achieved by the fact that each method of automatically regulating the gas-phase chlorination process in a fluidized bed reactor of a catalyst with forced refrigerant injection by maintaining the temperature in the reactor and the ratio of raw materials to chlorine consumption changes the chlorine consumption value to

chlorine, depending on the sum of the signals of the KOHij.eiripaJuni hydrogen chloride and chlorine ratio in the reaction gases at the reactor outlet and the temperature difference at two points along the height of the initial portion of the reaction zone, is n1, which is lower than the place where the refrigerant entered.

This makes it possible to improve the yield of target and products due to the stabilization of the ratio of the costs of comonents in the conditions of mating of the composition of the initial mixture.

The drawing shows a schematic diagram of the implementation of the proposed method.

In the reactor 1, the temperature is maintained in accordance with a predetermined value by means of the regulator 2., acting on the refrigerant supply to the reactor. Reagents -organic substances (OB) n chlorine is fed to the reactor in evaporated form. Consumption (JB is stabilized with the help of flow sensor 3 p of regulator 4. Thermal IM 5 p G measure the temperature at two points along the height of the initial portion of the reaction zone below the coolant inlet. Analyzer 7 determines the concentration of hydrogen chloride and chlorine in the reaction gases on the reactor output Signals that are proportional to the difference between the readings of thermocouples 5 and 6 and the deviation of the ratio of the concentration of hydrogen chloride to the chlorine concentration from the desired value are summed up in the functional unit 8. The output signal of the unit 8 is fed to the regulator Scenes 9, with help, which adjust the ratio of the consumption of raw materials and chlorine by changing the flow rate of chlorine using the flow sensor 10 and valve 11.

When chlorine concentrations in chlorine concentrations fall, the amount of heat released during the flow of a coherent chain of exothermic reactions decreases. As a result, there is a difference in temperature in the initial part of the reaction zoo, where the process is most intense. Therefore, a shear effect is produced to increase the consumption of chlorine.

With an excess of chlorine, the temperature difference does not occur, but a control effect is produced on the decrease in chlorine consumption due to a decrease in the ratio of the concentrations of hydrogen chloride and chlorine at the outlet of the reactor 1.

When) the destruction of the homogeneity of the layer due to sintering of the catalyst particles, the occurrence of the temperature difference leads to an increase in chlorine consumption. The growth of chlorine consumption is limited using the composition analyzer 7. Under the action of excess chlorine, the resins burn out, the uniformity of the layer is restored and the temperature difference decreases to a value close to the bullet. Chlorine consumption is reduced to normal using the ratio controller 9.

Correcting the ratio of costs by temperature difference allows one to work out perturbations in the composition of the initial reagents, by not resorting to the analysis of the latter. This contributes to increasing the efficiency of the process. The introduction of a corrective signal on the composition of the reaction gases, the fluctuations of which can be caused by the nonstationary nature of the object, provides an increase in the stability of their composition, which, in turn, leads to an increase in the accuracy of regulation.

Claims (2)

1. Automation of chlorine production. I.L. Lomakin et al., M., “Himi, 1967. 2. USSR author's certificate №226559, cl. At 01F 3/08, 1967.