SU565929A1 - Crude oil desalination method - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to the oil industry, in particular to the process of desalting oil when preparing it in the oil fields.

Known methods of teplochemical

dehydration and desalting of oil are based on the destruction of a water-oil emulsion in stationary installations using emulsion heating, the introduction of a regentademulsifier, warm drainage and fresh hot water, and subsequent ost6, often using an electric floor field 1.

The closest to the invention to the technical essence is the method according to which the preliminary discharge of water is performed using warm drainage water, dehydration, and oil by introducing a demulsifier reagent, heating the emulsion in heat exchangers and preheaters and sludge, as well as desalinating by repeated input of the demulsifier, mixing with hot fresh water, injected in a continuous stream, and settling in the ball electrohydrators 2.

The known method is not efficient enough and requires an increase in the consumption of scarce fresh wash water (1OO150 kg per 1 ton of oil), which leads to additional operating costs due to the cost of the fresh water itself and the cost of its purification after using oil in the desalivini production cycle. In addition, the increased consumption flushing water increases energy consumption, for example, for heating water to the temperature of the desalting mode and pumping the pump.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the effectiveness (1) of the efficiency of the desalination process and reduce the consumption of fresh wash water, and hence the material costs of production.

To do this, when desalting oil, it is suggested that wash water be introduced in portions along the oil flow into the mixing zone — into the pipelines

When fresh water is introduced into the emulsion in a continuous stream, it is not always ensured that the water is sufficiently dispersed in the water UHJrrHHOft. mixtures, as a result of which the bulk of the water is separated, without washing out the salts. In the case of a sufficient degree of dispersion, due to the high concentration of fresh water droplets, the number of collisions and fusions between them increases.

the bulk of the water entering the water is also separated, not having done useful work on the desalting

nnyu oil.

The introduction of fresh water into the emulsion at several points in the pipeline as portions along the oil flow creates optimal conditions for the distribution of fresh water in the emulsion volume and improves the coalescence of fresh water droplets with salt water globules, thereby increasing the number of cases of effec tiveness {{a collision increases, t. that is, the coefficient (the useful life of fresh water) increases several times, which makes it possible to reduce its consumption for the desalination of a given volume of oil.

According to the invention, wash water is introduced at several points of the pipeline, spaced apart from each other, allowing the main mass of the water channel introduced at the previous point to fall out of the emulsion, with the total amount of input water at all points being 5OO-1000 % of water contained in ooabsorbable oil.

At meer.

The water-in-oil emulsion coming from the group installations, containing 30% of the formation water, is directed to the preliminary water discharge tank. Before entering the tank, warm, drainage water containing a de-emulsifier reagent is introduced into the pipeline, which is taken from the sedimentation tanks of the first dewatering stage. The total amount of water in the emulsion is kept within 40-45%. The emulsifier leaving the reservoir of the preliminary discharge of water is introduced into the reagent-demulsifier at the rate of 4O g / 1 ton of oil and after heating in heat exchangers up to 50 ° C, 1 is put into the sump of the first stage of dehydration. At the exit of this stage, fresh water is introduced into the oil containing 3% of water with droplet sizes of 30-40 microns and 700 mg / l of salt through mixers at three points of the pipeline 20 meters apart. In this case, the droplet size of the water introduced is 30-60 microns. The amount of water injected at each point is 1% of desaltable oil. After settling in the bulit, desalting stage for 1 hour at 50 ° C and water discharge, the oil contains 0.05% water and 35 mg / l of salts.

The new principle of press water input increases the efficiency of desalting by 30–40% and allows a 3-5-fold reduction in the consumption of fresh wash water.

Claims (2)

Invention Formula A method of desalting oil by introducing a demulsifier reagent and prewar water, followed by mixing and sludge, characterized in that, in order to reduce the flow of fresh water and increase the efficiency of the process, the wash water is introduced in portions along the oil flow in the mixing zone. Sources of information taken into account in the examination: 1, Kraspar nts K.S. Promyslova, oil and gas preparation, M., Nedra, 1973, p. 81-92. 2. Same with 219-225.