SU535929A1 - Installation for the maintenance of aquatic organisms - Google Patents

Description

(54) INSTALLATION FOR THE CONTENT OF WATER ORGANISMS

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The invention relates to fish farming, and can be used in the field of aquatic toxicology.

The known installation for the maintenance of aquatic organisms consists of a reservoir for placing organisms, an air duct with nozzles for supplying air, a filter and a pump cd supplying water interconnected into a closed circulation loop by means of ducts with valves 1.

However, the design of a known installation does not define the effect of metal ions on living organisms in con fi ned conditions, since it lacks a system for supplying metal ions to water, as well as a system for removing toxic gases from water and adjusting the active reaction of water (pH).

The aim of the invention is to determine the effect of metal ions on active organisms under controlled conditions.

For this, the proposed installation is equipped with an electrolyzer with a gas separator and a water quality control device with a flow meter, successively BKjno4eHHf) iMH to a circulating water circuit

KjHT p.

It is advisable to make a device for monitoring the quality of water from tanks for reagent treatment and water flow, mixers and sensors for the active reaction of water (pH) located in the water flow tank.

The drawing shows schematically the proposed installation, a general view.

The installation for keeping aquatic organisms includes a reservoir 1 for placing the organisms and a closed circulation loop. The latter consists of a water purification filter 2 with a water supply pipe 3 and a valve 4 and a drainage pipe 5 and 6 with valves 7 and 8 of the pump 9 connected to the water supply pipe 10 and the three-way valve 11. The circuit is additionally connected in series with the monitoring device water quality and electrolyzer. A device for monitoring water quality consists of a tank 12 for water reagent treatment, an electric mixer 13, sensors 14 for the active reaction of water (pH) with a cH-meter 15 and a dispenser 16 for adjusting and stabilizing the sensor 13 and sensors 14 are placed in the container 12.

The electrolyzer contains a collapsible hermetic container 17, a gas separator 18, a vacuum pump 19, electrodes 20 and a suction pump 21, the latter and the gas separator 18 are connected to the circuit by means of a flow meter 22 and three-way valves 23, 24 and 25.

In addition, an injector 26 and a spray 27 for aerating water are included in the closed circulation loop.

The installation works as follows.

Water from tank 1, in which aquatic organisms are contained, is pumped through pump 9 through a closed water circuit through filter 2 (valve 7 is closed and valve 8 is opened) into tank 12 through valve 11 with pipeline 10 off. The containers 12 check the pH value of the water, then the water is circulated through the three-way valve 23 to the electrolyzer for de-aerating process, the vacuum pump 19 of the gas separator 18 and the suction pump 21 are previously put into operation, and the electrode system 20 is turned off. Then deaerated water using a suction pump 21 through three-way valves 24 and 25, mine flow meter 22, and through the injector 26 is fed back to the tank 1 and simultaneously serves oxygen from the air duct 28 through the adjusting valves 29 and 30 to the injector 26 and the spray gun 27.

Water from reservoir 1 is fed through a closed circulation circuit until complete water purification has been performed and toxic gases (ammonia and carbon dioxide) have not been removed from it. At the same time, by aeration of water, it is maximally saturated with oxygen to ensure optimal living conditions for aquatic organisms.

In the course of such pretreatment of water, in the presence of dissolved carbonic acid and other gases in it and their removal from the water, as well as its oxygenation, if necessary, regulate the pH of the water to be treated by acidification or alkalization. Adjusting the pH of the water is carried out in cases where it is necessary to study the effect of a given concentration of metal ions on living organisms depending on the pH value or in cases where it is necessary to create the highest concentration of a particular metal element in ionic form, for example iron. For these purposes, the reagents are fed into the water from the dispenser 16 (for example, HCI or NaOH or other chemical reagents suitable for these purposes according to the physico-chemical characteristics of the water quality indicators) with the runner 13 switched on.

After the pH value is brought to a stable state, the stirrer 13 is turned off and electrodes 20 (made of copper, zinc, iron, or lead) are connected to the network, depending on the metal ions that need to be treated. Electrical systems are made with a constant current of 5-30 mA with a voltage of 6 volts.

The amount of metal (in .ir). Hurry to

water as a result of electrolysis, is determined by the formula:

171 sXet:

where k is the electrochemical equivalent of a metal;

 - power of direct current passing through water, a;

t is the electrolysis time, sec; m is the current output of the metal, depending on the salt composition of water,%;

In this case, the electrochemical equivalent of the metal is determined by the formula

1, A

П 26,6

where A is the atomic weight of the metal,

n is the valence of the metal.

The amount of metal dissolved in water during electrolysis can be determined by the gravimetric method, the weight of the anode before electrolysis and after the end of electrolysis (the process of enriching water with metal ions), as well as the volume of water enriched with metal ions.

Water deaerated and enriched with metal ions by the electrolyzer using a pump 21 is fed through a valve 24 to the flow meter 22, from which oxygen is fed to the injector through the valve 25 and the injector 26 to the reservoir 1. At the same time, from the air line 28 through the valves 29 and 30 26 and sprayer 27.

The volume of water that has passed during the enrichment process with metal ions is determined by the flow meter 22. The amount of metal dissolved in water is determined according to the formula described according to Farad’s law or by the gravimetric method. The concentration of metal ions in one liter is determined from the volume of water enriched with metal ions by an electrolytic method and the amount of metal dissolved in it. At the same time, for greater accuracy, the quantitative content of the elements of the metals that were in the water before the enrichment process is studied.

The remaining water in the circulation circuit is drained, as well as the flush water is drained through pipe 3 with the direction of water to the sewage system.

After water has been enriched with metal ions to a predetermined concentration, the circulation water circuit is disconnected from operation, and the electrolyzer is disconnected from operation and valves V, 8, 24, 25 and 30 are shut off.

After the termination of the water process of enriching the water with metal ions in the filter 2, the filter material is replaced with a new one.

The concentration of metal ions in water is controlled by quantitatively determining them by one of the known methods.