SU52323A1 - Method for separating wool fat from wool-washed waters - Google Patents

Description

There are several methods for isolating wool grease from wash water after treating wool on wool washers.

The main methods include: 1) decomposition of wash water with sulfuric acid with other acids, settling and removing the surfaced fat layer; 2) fat deposition with lime and separation of the precipitated sediment containing calcium soaps, free fats and contaminants; 3) flotation by flushing the air with alkaline wash water or foam packing by breaking up a jet of wash water from a known height; 4) centrifugation of wash water in centrifugal separators and 5) method of extraction with liposolvents.

These methods have a number of disadvantages, which, in addition to the duration of the process, the need to use special equipment, etc., include incomplete extraction of grease from the washing water.

According to the present method, wool fat is separated from wool-washed waters by treating them with acid at a water temperature of 15 ° and below, while using

carbon dioxide released during neutralization of free soda contained in wool-washed water or introduced into water before settling. Due to this method of work, the fat quickly floats to the surface of the water and up to 95-98% of it is extracted from wool-washing water. Treatment of wool-washable water with acid can be carried out in a continuous mixer operating at a pressure above atmospheric and connected to a settling tank operating at atmospheric pressure. In order to saturate the treated liquid, carbon dioxide or air can be introduced into the mixer. Filtration of the resulting grease is performed by hot filtration through a filter pan, and a pure fat (lanolin) is obtained.

As an example, the following method is suggested. In order to get rid of wool fibers and small threads, wash water from a Leviathan with a temperature through a fine mesh into storage reservoirs in which water is cooled to a temperature not higher than 15 °.

Water is cooled either by refrigeration or by draining it through cooling towers or by combining both of these methods.

The cooled water is pumped into a barque, acidified with concentrated sulfuric acid until slightly acidic, after which they give an excess of the correct acid (based on the conditional 100% acid) in an amount of 0.125% by weight of water at a content of 0.2% fat and 0.25 % with a content of 0.4% fat.

The contents of the bark are again well mixed, after which soda ash in the amount of 0, b / o by weight of water at a content of 0.2% fat and 0.12% water at a content of 0.4% is spread on the water surface, evenly as possible. fat, then quickly knead the soda with water and allow the solution to stand. When the content: above 0.4 fat in water should be diluted with wool-washed water with clean water to a fat concentration of 0.4 ° 1 If the dilution is undesirable, water can be treated using chalk instead of soda, and in the acidified to weakly acid reaction water is given a lumpy chalk an amount of 0.1 Vo at a content of 0, b / o fat and then added in two steps 0, (by weight of water) concentrated sulfuric acid.

In waters containing 0.8% fat, 0.17% chalk and 1.0% sulfuric acid are added. The size of pieces of chalk can be up to 1 cm in diameter.

Due to the reaction between soda and acid, as well as chalk and acid, carbon dioxide is released in the whole body of water, which rises to the surface mechanically and carries solid particles of wool fat along with wool contaminants. At the same time, the volume of water increases by a fraction of the original volume. The excreted fat on the surface has a loose appearance due to the high content of carbon dioxide in it in the form of bubbles. After mixing, the amount of grease is reduced by a factor of 10-12 due to mechanical destruction.

carbon dioxide bubbles. As a result, the fat content of fatty foods is reduced from 2 to 20-23 / o. Gypsum accumulating at the bottom of the chalk method can be flushed from the bottom with water and removed to the sewage system.

At the end of the process of raising the fat content to the surface, which takes about 1 hour, the lower fat-free layer of water is drained to the sewer, and the upper fat loss layer is left in the barge.

A fresh portion of wash water is poured into the bark and the acidification is repeated and the soda is treated as described above; The same is repeated with the third portion of wash water. Having accumulated in this way a sufficiently thick layer of fatty oil, the latter is either removed from the surface by a scoop or is drained through the bottom opening of the barque, first a layer of water devoid of fat into the sewer system, and then the fatty oil is drained into a vessel equipped with a steam pipe. To reduce the volume of fat, it is poured and compacted.

The bark filled with grease is slowly heated to water without stirring and left at the same temperature for 6 hours. In this case, the fatty layer is compacted to a content of wool fat in the amount of 26 - 28 ° / i, with the release of excess water. At the same time, the volume of grease is reduced by a fraction of the original volume, after which the lower transparent pool of water is drained into the sewage system.

The fatty oil thus sealed is washed with heating and stirring with caustic soda until neutral.

Caustic soda for fatty acid saponification of fatty oils is consumed in the amount of 10% per 1 ton of purified fat.

The washed fatty fat is heated to 110-120 and evaporated with continuous stirring. Fat dehydration can be conducted to a moisture content of 35% to 0, which does not affect the quality of fat (lanolin).

The dehydrated fatty material is dissolved at a temperature of 70 ° in gasoline, taken in such an amount that the gasoline solution contains 25 ° / lanolin. Thereafter, the mass is vigorously stirred and settled for 24 hours.

The settled gasoline solution is pumped into adsorbers. At the bottom after the dissolution of the fatty oil remains: scrubbed dirt on which a fresh portion of grease oil and gasoline is poured. After a significant amount of grease is collected in the sump, a portion of gasoline is poured into it, which extracts the lanolin remaining in it. Thus, the dirt after the final treatment with gasoline contains 3-57o lanolin.

The lanolin gasoline solution is transferred to the adsorbers for cleaning. The solution sequentially passes through three adsorbers. Yadoresorbers are high (cylindrical tanks, somewhat narrowed downwards, fitted inside with a deaf steam coil that heats the adsorber. Inside the adsorbers are filled with adsorbents, which are arranged in the following order: at the bottom lay the steamed bone, the so-called pad, in the amount of 20 / about further layer of animal coal in the amount and above it animal charcoal in size. Inside the adsorbers, the temperature is maintained at all times during operation up to 70 °. The lanolin gasoline solution enters the first adsorber from the top, passes through Without a layer of adsorbents to the bottom and then goes to the top of the next, and so on, the passage sequentially all three.

Having passed all three adsorbers, the gasoline solution of lanolin enters the settling tanks, as it contains some amount of turbidity, which mechanically settles to the bottom when it is settled. After settling, the solution is pumped to the distant tanks. The distillation of gasoline can be conducted under vacuum or at a temperature not higher than 70. In the latter case, it is necessary to blow air through the mass to accelerate the distillation process and to deodorize the lanolin.

The subject matter of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. A method for isolating wool fat from wool-washing waters by treating them with acid, separating a fatty surrogate and filtering it hot, characterized in that said acid treatment is carried out at a water temperature below and below. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that sodium carbonate or similar alkali is added to the acidified wool-hard water before settling. 3. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the treatment of wool-washing water with an acid is carried out in a continuous mixer operating under a pressure higher than atmospheric and connected to a settling tank operating at atmospheric pressure. 4. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that carbon dioxide or air is introduced into the mixer in order to saturate the liquid to be treated.