SU506816A1 - The method of registration of elastic vibrations - Google Patents

Description

pressure, called the spinodal), less and less strong disturbances transmitted to the surrounding fluid, its continuous medium, lead to a phase transition, respectively boiling or crystallization.

The studies conducted by the authors on model seismographs implementing this method, as well as experiments and mode observations made by the authors on Kamchatka and Reinekhart - on American geysers, compared with the dates of strong earthquakes occurring in the regions of geysers location, the eruption mechanism of which is associated effect of seismic waves on metastable (superheated) geyser water, it is believed that based on the proposed method, special seismographs can be developed for lgosrochnogo forecast earthquakes.

To register the wave process by boiling up the overheated liquid (Fig. 1), the vessel 1, placed in the studied continuous medium 2, is filled with the working liquid 3 and sealed. The overheating of the fluid is carried out either by creating a discharge, stretching the fluid (vacuum pump 4 connected to vessel I, or bellows 5 mechanically driven bits), or by slowly heating vessel 1 using heater 7. According to the thermometer 8 and a pressure sensor 9 installed inside the vessels 1 determine the degree of metastability of the liquid.

The application of the method is implemented as follows.

A wave of perturbation (longitudinal or transverse), propagating through a continuous medium, coming to the location of vessel 1 causes oscillations of both the walls of the vessel and the fluid inside it.

If the energy parameters of the wave (power, amplitude, oscillation frequency) are high enough to initiate the formation of an embryonic vapor in the liquid, spontaneous boiling up of the liquid occurs, accompanied by a pressure increase in the vessel 1. The boiling up is performed according to pressure sensor 9 or any other contactless sensor 10 (capacitive, photoelectric), responsive to changes in the phase composition in the vessel 1.

The vessel 1, placed in the medium 2 with the temperature TOO (Fig. 2), is filled with the working substance 3. The vessel is equipped with a heater 4 and a cooling circuit 5. The functions of the heater and refrigerator can be combined in a single design, which is a set of semiconductor junctions connected consistently, and in accordance with the Peltier effect, heating or cooling the vessel relative to the environment, depending on the direction of the direct current in the circuit of such a thermoelectric battery. The vessel is equipped with a thermometer 6 and, for example, a photoelectric sensor 7 that reacts to changes in the phase composition of the working substance.

The application of the phenomenon depending on the ratio between the temperature of equilibrium crystallization of the substance Hzr and the temperature of the medium is implemented as follows.

With (operation without additional cooling circuit 5).

Turning on the heater 4 melts the working substance detected by the phase composition sensor, then the heater 4 is turned off, and the liquid begins to cool due to heat loss to the environment. The cooling rate is determined by the degree of

overheating of the fluid relative to TOO, heat capacity and liquid volume, thermal diffusivity of the environment, vessel design, in particular, thermal conductivity of its walls. Liquid cooling is carried out

such that the temperature gradients in it are minimal.

After cooling to temperatures recorded by thermometer 6, the liquid becomes metastable. A wave of disturbance propagating through the medium 2, the arrival at the location of vessel 1 causes oscillations of both the walls of the vessel and the fluid inside it. If the energy parameters of the wave (power, amplitude,

the oscillation frequency is high enough to initiate the formation of solid phase nuclei in a liquid, then a spontaneous crystallization of the substance occurs, accompanied by a rise in its temperature. The fixing of this moment is carried out according to the indications of thermometer 6 and sensor 7.

After that, the process is repeated - heating, melting, cooling, etc.

When (work with an additional refrigerator).

If the temperature of the equilibrium crystallization of the HRS is close to or less than the ambient temperature of the TOO, then cooling circuit 5 is used. Including it reduces the temperature of the liquid. After the liquid has cooled down to a minimum spatial temperature heterogeneity, the disturbance waves are fixed in the same way.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula The method of registering elastic oscillations using an elastic oscillation sensor brought into contact with an object in which elastic oscillations occur, characterized in that, in order to ensure that the moment of elastic oscillations passes through the localized region, the vessel with a liquid medium is used as the sensor. In a metastable state, its phase transition is recorded, by the presence of which it is judged about the appearance of elastic oscillations at the location of the sensor.