SU500803A1 - Device for demonstrating a chess game - Google Patents

Description

the playback pulse clock, the clock pulse selector and the second playback pulse generator, whose input is connected to the amplifier output, and the output to the switch, the output of the first playback pulse generator connected to an additional circuit, and the output of the clock selector connects to the pulse distributor and two-coordinate switch.

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a device, where, for simplicity, only one cell is shown on a chessboard, and only one execution unit is shown on a display board; in fig. 2 - a schematic diagram of a chessboard; in fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of one executive unit of the display board.

The device for displaying, recording and reproducing a chess game comprises a chessboard 1 with cells 2, the number of which is sixty four; a demonstration board 3 with execution units 4, the number of which is also equal to sixty four and each of which corresponds to a specific cell 2 of chessboard 1; ring dispenser 5 pulses with ten outputs; ring distributor 6 pulses, having three outputs; two-coordinate switch, made on the basis of two ring distributors 7 and 8 pulses, each of which has eight outputs, with the outputs of the distributor 7 wires 9 each connected to one of the coordinates (first inputs) of the cells 2 in the same vertical chessboard (see Fig. 2 ) and executive units 4 of the demonstration board (see Fig. 3), and the outputs of the distributor 8 are each connected to the second coordinate (second inputs) of the cells 2 in the same horizontal of the chessboard board (see Fig. 2) through eight two-input circuits 11 "AND- NOT (on f Fig. 1 for simplicity, only two are shown by wires 12 are connected with the second coordinate (second, inputs) of execution units 4 of the display board 3 (see Fig. 3).

Shachmat board 1 also includes amplifier 13 (see Fig. 2) whose input by wire 14 is connected to the outputs of all cells 2 of Shakhmat board 1, and the output is fed to the input of driver 15 (see Fig. 1) by wire 16, and the output shaper 15 is connected to the inputs of two circuits 17 and 18 "AND-NOT, and blocking generator 19 (Fig. 2).

In addition, the device includes three two-way circuits 20 "And (see Fig. 1) connected by their inputs to the outputs of the pulse distributors 5 and 6; control trigger 21, on the first input of which is included the output of the circuit 17 "AND-NOT, and the inverse output is connected to the input of the circuit 22" AND, the output of which is connected to the input of the circuit 23 "OR-NOT, the second input connected with the help of wire 24 with the output circuit 20 "And, and the output of the circuit 23" ILN-NOT connected to the installation inputs of the counter 25 pulses, the control trigger 21 and the counter 26 of the write pulses; a comparison block 27 — counter codes 25 and 26, the output of which is connected to the two inputs of the trigger 28, and it is connected to the first input of this trigger via the inhibit circuit 29, and is connected directly to the second input; master oscillator 30, its output

connected to the counting input of the pulse distributor 5 and the input of the waiting multivibrator 31, which is connected with the output to the shaper 32 of the recording pulses; a playback unit 33, the outputs of which through the switch 34 of the kind of operation of the device are connected to the counting inputs of the distributor 5 pulses and the counter 25 pulses and other elements that will be mentioned below in the description of communications of the device.

Each cell 2 (FIG. 2) of the chessboard is a three-input AND circuit executed on diodes and a transistor 35, the load of which includes an inductance 36. Each of the six four inductors 36 is located under the corresponding chessboard cell and It contains several tens of turns of magnet wire. As already mentioned, to the two entrances of each of the

Four three-input circuits "AND-NOT cells 2 connected the corresponding outputs of the valves 7 (see Fig. 1) and 8 pulses. The third inputs of all circuits "AND-NOT by wire 37 (see Fig. 2) are connected to the output of the block-generator 19. This inclusion provides alternate supply from the blocking generator and 19 for all six hundred four coils 36 one impulse in one polling cycle shahmatnoy boards in accordance with the pulses of the distributors 7 and 8 pulses. All coils 36 are connected via isolating diodes 38 by wire 14 to the input of amplifier 13.

An oscillating circuit 39 is mounted in each chess piece, which is tuned

on the frequency assigned to the name of this figure. Twelve different frequencies are used (according to the number of figure names). Frequencies corresponding to the names of the figures are selected as multiples of the frequency

generator 30 (Fig. 1).

Each extractor unit 4 of the display board 3 contains a switching transistor 40 (see FIG. 3), which acts as a two-input circuit emitter follower 41, the base of which is connected to the collector of transistor 40 through a capacitor 42; a transistor 43 connected to the emitter follower output 41; thirteen (for twelve black cells) projection lamps

44, which include triode thyristors 45, the control electrodes of which are connected via decoupling transistors 46 by cable 47 having thirteen wires, connected to the outputs of a diode decoder of counter 25

pulses. In addition, each operating unit 4 has thirteen (for the black cells, twelve) condensers with images of chess pieces printed on them, and thirteen objectives. The capacitors and lenses in FIG. 3 not nokazai. All sixty four executive units 4 have a common and dark-colored screen on which images of chess pieces are projected in accordance with their position on the chessboard or in accordance with information pulses reproduced by a tape recorder. The writing driver 32 emulators includes two transistors 48 and 49 connected in series, the latter being jittered by a resistor 50. The driver's load is the recording head 51 of the tape recorder. The sequential switching on of transistors 48 and 49 with the resistor 50 shunting one of them is caused by the need to form pulses of different amplitude for recording. PULSES Low-amplitude recordings are used when playing only as clock pulses. Large amplitude pulses, simultaneously with clock pulses, are also used as pulses carrying information about figure sticking and synchronization. The clock pulses for recording come from the output of the millibiber 31 and the base of transistor 48, and the pulses carrying information about the named figures, and the clock pulses go to the base of transistor 49 through the OR circuit 52, which has three inputs. One of them is intended for impulses containing information about the names of figures. These pulses come from multivibrator 31 through AND circuit 53, which is controlled by trigger 28. This trigger is triggered by pulses from the second output of distributor 6, which is connected to the first input of trigger 28 via OR circuit 54 and 29 "Disable. The other two inputs of the Scheme 52 "OR are for sync pulses. To obtain them, two dual input circuits 55 and 56 "And, the inputs of which include the corresponding inputs of the distributors 5-8 pulses and the output of the multivibrator 31. In connection with the switching on of the distributor imulis to reduce the frequency of impulses following the control device, three two-input circuits 20 "AND PI two two-input circuits 57 and 58" And, moreover, the last four outputs distribute 5 PULSES to the last input through circuit 59 "OR the first and third outputs of the distribution are switched on to the other inputs of these circuits Ithel 6 pulses.

The Vosyrovisdein unit 33 includes sequentially included a reproducing head 60 of the tape recorder and an amplifier 61, the output of which is connected to the inputs of the amplitude selector 62 and the generator 63 of such pulses; the driver of 64 pulses connected by its input to the amplitude ce, 62, and the selector 65 of synchronous pulses. The output of the clock generator 63 through the switch 34 is connected with the counting input of the distributor 5 pulses. The output of the driver 64 pulses through the AND-NOT circuit 66 and the switch 34 is connected to the counting input of the counter 25 pulses. The output of the selector 65 sync pulses connected to the installation inputs of all valves 5, 6, 7 and 8 pulses.

The device works as follows.

Demonstration and recording mode. From the output of the master oscillator 30, oscillations with a frequency of 6.4 kHz are fed to the input of the distributor 5 pulses, at the outputs of which

consecutively formed negative polarity pulses with a duration of 156.25 microseconds. From the first output of the distributor 5, the pulses with a repetition frequency of 640 Hz arrive at the input of the distributor 6 (in Fig. 1

these connections for all distributors are shown conditionally), which on all three outputs consistently forms rectangular pulses with a duration of 1.5625 ms. From the first output of the distributor 6 pulses with a frequency

213 HZ are fed to the input of the distributor 7, which at its eight outputs sequentially generates negative pulses with a duration of 4.6875 ms. From the first output of the distributor 7 pulses with a frequency

26.66 ... HZ arrive at the input of the distributor 8, which at its eight outputs sequentially generates negative pulses with a duration of 37.5 ms, and at each output of all the schemes 11 "AND-NOT during this time, series of eight are alternately formed (by the number of cells 2 connected to the output of each circuit 11 coincidence) of positive pulses, and the duration of these implles due to the presence of circuits 58 "AND and 59" OR is equal to

625 microseconds As already mentioned, the distributors 7 and 8 are elements of a two-coordinate switch for turning on all sixty-four cells 2 of chessboard 1 and all sixty-four

Execute the blocks 4 of the display board 3. The time for which all cells 2 of the 1 chessboard 1 and the corresponding blocks of the 4 display board 3 corresponding to them in turn are equal to 300 ms.

Thus, during operation of the device, each chessboard cell is polled more than three times per second. The time for which one cell is polled is 37.5 ts. During this time, the distributor 5 pulses has time

make three cycles, i.e., on all its outputs, it produces three impulses. However, due to the presence of the distributor 6 pulses and the circuits 20, 55, 56, 57 and 58 "And from each output of the distributor 5, control pulses are received only three times in three cycles of operation of the distributor 5 pulses.

Consider the operation of the device during the survey of one cell of a chessboard 1, starting from the first cycle, the operation of the distributor

5 IMPULSES.

When a pulse appears at the first output of the distributor 5 pulses (at the first cycle), the distributor 6 switches (a pulse appears at its first output) and the distributor 7 (the next cell 2 of chessboard 1 and the corresponding block 4 of the demonstration board 3 are turned on). A pulse appears at the output of the first coincidence circuit 20, which is fed through the wire 24 to the input of the blocking generator 19 (see Fig. 2) and through the circuit 23 "ILP-NOT to the installation inputs of the control trigger 21, the pulse counter 25 and the counter 26 record pulses, set them to their original state. The pulse formed by the blocking generator 19 with a duration of 5 microseconds in accordance with the pulses on the outputs of the distributors 7 and 8 of the two-hinged switch comes through the matching circuit AND-NOT of the corresponding cell 2 to the inductance 36 of the given cell 2. If this figure 36 is located , the coil 36 transmits this pulse to the oscillating circuit 39 of this figure. In contour 39 of a figure, fading oscillations arise with the frequency to which the latter is tuned, i.e. with the frequency assigned to the name of this figure. After transmitting the excitation pulses from the blocking hub 19, the coil 36 becomes a receiver of damped oscillations of circuit 39. The received oscillations through the disconnecting diode 38 over the wire 14 arrive at the input common to all sixty four cells 2 of amplifier 13, where these oscillations amplify and the wire 16 is fed to the input of the imaging unit 15, which converts the damped oscillations into sharp-to-low impulses. The output of the imaging unit 15 is connected to the input of the circuits 17 and 18 "AND-NOT, which are closed by the second inputs, and the pulses from the imaging unit 15 do not arrive anywhere.

We note here that the waiting multivibrator 31 also forms a negative pulse, which hits the base of transistor 48 and opens it. The recording head 51 receives a pulse limited in amplitude by the resistor 50 in the event that at least one of the valves 7 and 8 goes out of position. With the arrival of the next pulse from the master oscillator 30, the recording head 51 receives a regular clock pulse from the waiting multivibrator 31, and the distributor 5 switches to the second state and outputs a pulse at its second output. This impulse, having passed the second circuit 20 "AND, opens the circuit 18" AND-NOT, and the sharp-pointed pulses from the driver 15 arrive at the counting input of the counter 25, and with the circuit 18 "AND-NOT (acting as the gate time) the input of the counter 25 is open for a calibrated time interval (156.25 µs), determined by the same master oscillator 30. In connection with the choice of frequencies assigned to the names of figures that are multiples of the frequency of the master oscillator 30, in this interval of time

An integer number of oscillation periods of any of the twelve oscillatory circuits 39 (see Fig. 2) of the chess pieces is laid.

With the occurrence of the next impulse of the master oscillator 30 and the corresponding appearance of the immersion at the third output of the distributor 5, the circuit 18 "AND-NOT fixes the inlet OL, the counter 25 pulses (the count stops, and the counter 25 and its decoder

to store information about the name of the figure until the pulse appears at its installation input) and with the I-NOT circuit 17, the input of the control trigger 21 opens, and the head 51 records the tape 51

regular clock pulse. The trigger trigger 21, when a single-pointed pulse arrives at its input from the driver 15, overturns. It may be that the input of the control trigger

21, there is no pointed pulse from the imaging unit 15 and the control trigger 21 remains in its original position. This happens when the connection between the coil 36 and the contour 39 is small (the chess piece stands far from the center of the cage of the chessboard) and the oscillations of the contour 39 quickly fade out. In this case, there is a greater likelihood of incomplete counting by the counter 25 for the calibrated time of the oscillation periods of the circuit

39. If we allow the transfer of information of incompletely calculated oscillations, then on the board instead of the set figure, a figure whose name is assigned to a lower frequency will be shown. Role

control trigger 21 and circuit 22 "And that is precisely to prevent this.

The subsequent operation of the control trigger 21 together with the matching circuit 22 will be described below.

The fourth, fifth and sixth outputs of the distributor 5 are not used in the device. During the time when the distributor 5 is in positions corresponding to the

pulses at these outputs, magic head 51 records three clock pulses.

According to the seventh output of the distributor 5, the pulse through circuit 59 "OR and circuit 57" I is fed to the input of circuit 22 "I.

In case the control trigger 21 was not overturned (it is highly probable that the counter 25 for the calibrated time interval did not register all the oscillation periods of the outline of the figure), then this pulse passed

circuit 22 "AND and circuit 23" OR-NOT, sets the counter of 25 pulses and the control trigger 21 to the initial states. In another case, neither counter 25 nor the control trigger will be reset to its initial state. With

the further operation of the distributor 5 until the end of the first cycle, in addition to recording clock pulses on a magnetic tape, does no other work in the device. From the beginning of the second cycle of operation of the distributor 5, the distributor 6 moves to the second position, so in;

at its second output, a pulse with a duration of 1.5625 ms appears, which, having passed through circuit 54 "OR and circuit 29" The prohibition (in the absence of the prohibition of block 27 to compare meter codes) overturns trigger 28, which, in turn, opens circuit 53 "And through it, the scheme 52" OR. The pulses from the multivibrator 31 arrive at the base of the transistor 49 of the imaging driver 32. Simultaneously, the pulses from the same multivibrator 31 are also fed to the base of the transistor 48. As a result, pulses with a larger amplitude arrive at the write head 51. The limiting resistor 50 is chosen so that while opening transistors 48 and 49 simultaneously, the write pulses are 3–4 times larger in amplitude than when one transistor 48 is opened. This choice ensures more reliable operation of the amplitude selector 62. From the output of the circuit 53 "And the pulses get on the counting input of the record counter 26, which operates from the falling edge of the read pulses. When the trigger positions of the counters 25 and 26 coincide (and this happens when the record counter 26 counts the same number of pulses as the counter 25 counted earlier), the code comparison unit 27 sets the trigger 23 to its initial state, and recording on the magnetic tape of large amplitude pulses stops (only clock pulses are saved). Recording pulses that carry information about the names of figures is allocated to the time of operation of the distributor 5 of the second and most of the third cycles, since the maximum number of these recording pulses is 15 - and then they stop recording until the appearance of a pulse at the seventh outlet of the distributor 5 during the third cycle his works. With the appearance of a pulse at the seventh outlet of the distributor 5 (at the third cycle of its operation), the corresponding block 4 is assigned to the execution unit 4 through the circuit 59 OR, circuit 58 "AND 11 and AND-NOT over the wire 12 a command is given (positive pulse with a duration of 625 microsec ) about the beginning of the removal of information from the counter 25 pulses. This pulse arrives at the emitter of the switching transistor 40, and since a negative impulse from the distributor 7 came to its base even earlier through the wire 9, the transistor 40 opens. Due to this, transistors 46 of this executive unit are prepared for operation. Note that only now the signal from one of the thirteen outputs of the counter decoder 25 through the corresponding transistor 46 can open the corresponding thyristor 45. At the moment when the counter 25 performs the counting, giving negative signals in turn at the outputs of its decoder the electrodes of the thyristors 45 is closed due to the fact that the transistor 40 is closed. However, the opening of the corresponding thyristor 45 does not occur immediately with the arrival of a positive pulse to the emitter of the transistor 40, since It is necessary to close the previously opened thyristor 45. This is carried out by the RC chain at the input of the emitter follower 41 (with a constant time of 250-300 microseconds) formed by the capacitor 42 and the resistance of the emitter repeater 41, which, when a positive pulse arrives at its input (625 μs) ) from the transistor 40 differentiates 10 this pulse, thereby closing the emitter follower 41 (for 250-300 microseconds), which, in turn, closes the transistor 43. As a result, the current of the open thyristor 45 is interrupted, and it closes. After 15 250-300 microsec after the emitter follower 41, the transistor 43 and the corresponding thyristor 45 (one of thirteen) opens again. This will be a thyristor 45, corresponding to the new figure, if in the interval between the previous and the present polls of this cell 2 there was a change of the figure on the corresponding chessboard cell, or it would remain the same if the game situation on this chessboard cell has not changed. 5 The operation of the device is similar when polling other chessboard cells. It should be noted that in cases when counter 25 did not register figures on the field (due to their absence there) or it is set to its original position with control trigger 0, trigger 28 will not be overturned, since block 27 comparing codes in these cases imposes ban through 29 "Ban. In addition to clock pulses and pulses that carry information about the 5 names of figures, for the subsequent correct reproduction of the demonstration, it is necessary to record synchronization pulses of the beginning of the operation cycles of the device. Taking into account that the pulses carrying information 0 about the names of the figures, follows without gaps, it is not advisable to synchronize the use of two pulses of greater amplitude, following each other through one clock (small amplitude) pulse. For this purpose, the 5th input of the circuit 56 "I included the penultimate output of the distributor 5 and the last outputs of the valves 6, 7 and 8, and the input of the circuit 55" I included the first outputs of all the valves. Thus, for synchronization 0, the penultimate impulse of the previous one and the first impulse of the last device operation cycle were selected.

Demo playback mode. In this mode, the device is controlled by the pulses of the playback unit 33, for which the switch 34 counts the inputs of the distributor 5 and the pulse counter 25 to the outputs of the playback unit 33. The previously recorded recording pulses are reproduced by the reproducing head 60 of the tape recorder, amplified by the amplifier 61 and the former 63, the pulses and small and large amplitudes are converted into sharp-pointed pulses that control the distributor 5. The amplitude selector 62 is on its own

eleven

the output transmits only high-amplitude pulses that are converted by the former 64 into sharp-pointed pulses. These pulses are fed to the input of the selector 65 sync pulses and through the circuit 66 "AND-NOT on the counting input of the counter 25 pulses. The sync pulse selector 65 registers only pulses going through a clock, and at its output only the second of this bunker outputs, setting the distributors 5, 6, 7 and 8 to their initial positions.

In the playback mode, the demonstrations do not involve the chess board 1, the master oscillator 30, the control trigger 21, the circuit 22 "AND, the imaging driver 32, the imaging generator 15, the multivibrator 31,: the trigger 28, the comparison block KOLTOV, the recording counter 26, logic elements 29, 53, 52, .55, 56 and some other elements; you. Logic 66 is AND-NOT necessary in order not to miss 25 clock pulses at the input of the counter, which is ensured after the system enters synchronization.

Consider the operation of the device when transmitting information to one performer according to block 4 of the demonstration board 3 (three cycles of operation of the distributor 5) ,. Suppose that we consider the operation of the device, starting with the fourth cycle of operation of the distributor 5 after the arrival of the clock signal. At the beginning of the fourth cycle from the first output of the distributor 5 through the first circuit 20 "And and the circuit 23" OR NOT the counter 25 will be set to the initial r (position. In addition, the valve 6 will go to the first state and the valve 7 to the second. From the beginning of the fifth cycle of operation of the distributor 5, the counting input of the counter 25 will begin to receive impulses that carry information about the name of the figure (if there was a figure on the corresponding chess cage). corresponds to a large frequency, then the pulse 25 will be counted for the entire cycle. In this case, the pulse count will continue even during the sixth cycle of the distributor 5. However, if even the maximum frequency is assigned to this figure, then the count of pulses by the counter 25 will stop before the impulse arrives from the seventh output of the distributor 5. With its arrival, the corresponding execution unit, 4 demo cards will be given to remove the information from the decoder of the pulse counter 25. Otherwise, the device does not work differs from working in the previously discussed demonstration and recording mode.

Claims (1)

12 claims A device for the demonstration of a chess game containing a demonstration board with execution units, a chessboard, under each cell of which are located inductors coil connected to a two-commord switch and through an amplifier to a pulse shaper, which through the circuits “AND-NOT, plug-in to the first distributor of imiuls, is connected to the counter.m. impulses and the control trigger, which through the series-connected circuits“ AND and - “OR-NOT connected to a pulse counter, and a master oscillator connected to the first pulse distributor, which is connected to the inductance coils of the chessboard through the blocking generator, so that Hj, ee, so that expanding the functionality of the device, it contains the additional “AND, scheme” OR, second pulse distributor connected between the first pulse distributor and the two-coordinate switchboard, waiting multivibrator, the input of which is connected to the master oscillator, a driver and recording pulses, one input of which is connected to the output of the waiting multivibrator, connected to the first additional AND circuits, which are connected to the pulse distributor, two-coordinate switch and OR circuit, connected to the second input of the write pulse generator, a recording head connected to the output of the write pulse generator, serially connected counter code comparison block, imp count recording pulses, the second additional scheme “And, trigger, scheme“ Prohibition, connected to the second pulse distributor and the code comparison unit, an additional AND-NOT circuitry and a switch connected to the first pulse distributor and a pulse counter connected to the code comparison unit, a recording pulse counter and a control trigger, the playback unit, -state 11, connected in series reproducing head, amplifier, amplitude selector, the first driver. pulses playback, the clock selector and the second pulse generator, playback, the input of which is connected to the output of the amplifier, and the output - to the switch, and the output of the first pulse shaper playback is connected to the additional circuit "AND-NOT, and the output of the selector clock pulses-connected to - distributors 1pulses and two-coordinate switch .-. FIG. J