SU49907A1 - Device for adjusting the water level in replacement tanks - Google Patents

Description

When fuel is consumed from ship tanks, the weight of the tank contents decreases, causing a decrease in the draft of the ship. For tugboats with propeller wheels, this causes deterioration of the wheel work, and the sowing capacity is reduced by the towing capacity of the tug.

To avoid this and ensure a constant draft and constant efficient operation of the paddle wheels, it is necessary to compensate for the weight of fuel consumed with an appropriate amount of ballast water. This water can be either in special bladder compartments or directly into fuel tanks, where it replaces consumable fuel, why such tanks are called zamoheni tanks.

The main requirements for replacement tanks are maintaining the weight of the contents of the tanks while fuel consumption, automatic operation and ease of maintenance, approaching conventional tanks, the ability of tanks to work in normal order, i.e. without replacing fuel with water and no water flooding.

In the proposed device for regulating the level of water in replacement tanks, in order to obtain a constant highest level of water in the tank after pumping out fuel, a vertical pipe is installed in the diametrical plane not reaching the bottom of the tank and connected to the top of the side of the tank by a pipe. To prevent water from being sucked into the oil pipeline and draining oil into the outboard pipe, the fuel pipe and drain water to the pipe are fitted with valves.

In the schematic drawing of FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a replacement tank with a device for adjusting the level of water therein; FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section of it; FIG. 3-horizontal section of it; FIG. fuel pipe valve; FIG. valve drain water no1e pipe

A constant level pipe 1 is welded into the drain pipe 2 and open at both ends in the fuel tank in a diametral section; besides, water supply pipes 3 are introduced into the tank; fuel is taken from the tank;

through the intake pipe 4 and the oil pipeline 5. Through pipes 3 to 9 the tank continuously, or TOflbko during the fuel intake, heat is introduced to the water, on the steam vessels it leaves the cooling water of the main engines, and on the steamers water from the main condensate discharge pipe of the main machines, usually located high enough to ensure proper pressure., Water continuously flows through the fuel and travels overboard through pipe 1 of a constant level and drain 2.

For standing, it is possible to pump water into the tank using ship pumps.

When a fuel is stored in a tank, the level of explosive in it is equal to the level in pipe 1 of a constant level. When fuel is injected into the tank, water is not supplied to the tank, fuel displaces part of the water through pipes 1 and 2, and the level of fuel in the tank rises to L4, at which equilibrium between the weight of the column

the contents of the tank and the pillar of water in the pipe 1 postkonnigo level. The AA level is determined by the condition

that the total weight of the tank-containing tank is always longer: it must be equal to the weight of the water filling the tank at explosive level; the highest level corresponds to the highest possible filling of the tank with fuel. The location of the pipes at a constant level and a drain is such that the effect of roll on the level in the tank is excluded.

When using fuel input

; ON PIPES 3, water a replaces the fuel to be taken in, filling the tank and removing it in smaller quantities overboard. The overflow still continues, because the water supply through pipes 2 usually significantly exceeds the fuel intake through pipe 5. Test taps and a float gauge serve to monitor the amount of fuel in the tank.

The upper valve 6 is installed at the highest level of fuel and the appearance of the fuel, which indicates that the tank is full of fuel, and its lower level approached the bottom

 and the bottom hole are coarse 1 constant level. When fuel is added

the valve is closed from the crane with which the drain pipe is supplied, and after that the fuel intake is stopped or, if it is necessary to accept a larger normal reserve, continue reception, fill the tank at least to the deck.

The lower test valve 7 is located above the fuel intake.

In all cases when there is fuel in the tank, it flows out of the crane 7. When water comes out of it, the ego means that there is no fuel in the tank, i.e., water has replaced all of the fuel (except for a small layer above the which is not usually used).

The float indicator consists of a float floating on the surface of the fuel in the tank and moving, when the level changes in the tank, by means of a cable pointer on a scale in the engine room.

Since the change in the height of the fuel level in the tank is due to the change in the density of the contents of the tank from the density of the fuel to the density of water, equal to 1, the height of the scale for work with substitution is about 0.1 of the total height of the fuel loading, i.e. scales. With a loading height of 2.0-2.5 g, the height of the replacement scale is 20-25 cm. The scales in tons are graduated.

The tanks are supplied with a drainage pipe 8 of the pump, which allows pumping water out of the tank, and a lower fuel intake 9 located close to the bottom, which is used to work without replacement with any fuel in the tank.

For work with high freezing point fuel, tanks are equipped with heating and cutting coils; heat of flowing water is also partly used. In order to fully heat the fuel due to the heat of the water, it is necessary to have a device in the second bottom tank in order to prevent a significant cooling effect of the bottom.

The tank is equipped with shut-off devices to prevent water being drawn into the pipeline and oil is drained into the intake drain pipe.

The top closure device (FIG. 4) serves to prevent the possibility of water being sucked into the pipeline