SU496999A1 - Automatic plant for hydroponic plant growth - Google Patents

Description

I

The invention relates to equipment for the hydroponic cultivation of plants and can be used for their cultivation by a substrate without the use of a puff.

A known automatic plant for hydroponic cultivation of plants, comprising vegetative vessels with lids and plant holders mounted on racks in brackets, communicating with the supply liquid reservoir, coma, metering tank and compensating tank.

The nutrient solution in the vegetative vessels with plants is supplied from the same reservoir, which excludes the possibility of growing plants in different nutrient media. In addition, the vessels with plants are removed from the reservoir with the solution, which increases the required volume of nutrient solution in the system. To carry out the cultivation of plants on several solution solutions, for each nutrient solution it is necessary to have a pump, an agitator, a dispenser, a device for aerating the solution. At the same time, the introduction of a large number of electromechanical devices reduces operational reliability and increases power consumption.

The purpose of the invention is the simultaneous cultivation of plants in different nutrient solutions, increasing the operational reliability of the plant, filling the vegetative vessels to one given level, improving the placement of crops.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the supply liquid tanks in the proposed automatic installation are located directly in the lower part of the vegetation vessels, communicated with them by tubes, and with the atmosphere through capillary holes; located above the level of the solution, are connected in parallel with the reservoir-compensator and the reservoir-l of the air duct, the outlet openings of which are located at the bottom of the tank and are equipped with an air-sprayer pl. The metering tank is connected to a compensating tank moving in a sealed cuff tube and elastic tube. Covers with plant holders in all growing vessels are located on

equal distance from the level of air inlet to the supply fluid tanks. Racks of vegetative vessels are placed in brackets movably and fixed in the required position by locking screws.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed automatic plant for hydroponic plant cultivation, a general view; in fig. 2 - solution supply scheme.

Auto installation for hydroponic

plant cultivation includes vegetative vessels 3 fixed on racks 1 in brackets 3 with lids 4 and holders of 5 plants, communicating with the reservoirs 6 of the feed liquid, the command device 7, the metering tank 8 and the compensating tank

9. All equipment will be placed on the frame

10, on top of which the luminaire is fastened 11. Into the supply liquid tanks fill the solutions at the reference mark on the level gauges 12. Check for the absence of clogging of the solution supply tubes 13, air ducts 14, air sprays 15 and capillary holes 16. Openings 17 are for filling solution of tanks 6 they are closed with hermetic plugs 18, the operation of the drain valves 19 is checked. Water is poured into the metering tank 8 and connected to the compensating tank 9, mixed in a sealed cuff 20 with a tube 21 and an elastic tube 22. Open A controlled air supply valve 23 of the compressor 24, set the growth vessels 3 in the desired position and fix the locking screws 25.

The setting of the solution supply to the vessels to a predetermined level is carried out with the compressor on by vertical mixing of the metering tank 8. The valve 23 is used to set the compressor 24 capacity. Command device 7 sets the time interval for solution supply and the compressor operation time 24-time turn on and off the lamp.

But the signal from the command device 7 includes the compressor 24 and the air through the air ducts 14 is injected into the supply liquid tanks 6 and simultaneously into the reservoir tank 8. Air pressure causes the solutions from the tanks 6 to be displaced through the solution supply tubes 13 to the vegetation vessels 3. At the same time, water is displaced from the tank dispenser 8 through the tubes 21, 22 into the reservoir-compensator 9. When combining the water level in the dispenser with the level of the opening of the tube 21, the air through the tubes 21, 22 begins to flow into the compensating reservoir 9 and into the surround environment. At the same time, the air pressure in the system is stabilized, which ensures a given level of flooding of the root zone of plants.

After a predetermined time has elapsed, the signal from the command device 7 trips the compressor 24 and the air is discharged through the capillary holes 16 to the environment. The solution is drained by gravity through the tubes into the tanks 6, fed to it, the liquids from it, and the water from the tank-compensator 9 to the metering tank 8.

After a specified time, the cycle repeats.

Installation can work in several options:

1. Growing plants on different nutrient solutions, where each vessel 3 is connected by a tube with the corresponding reservoir 6.

2. Growing plants in different vessels on the same nutrient solution, where all the vessels 3 are connected to the same reservoir 6 for feeding

fluid.

3. Growing plants on different nutrient solutions with different modes of supplying solutions, in which electro-valves are installed on the air inlet to each reservoir of the supply liquid. In addition, the air from the feed liquid tank is also vented through the corresponding solenoid valve at the outlet of the tank 6.

4. Growing plants using compressed air cylinders, where the compressor 24 is replaced with a compressed air cylinder, and the valve 23 is replaced with a gearbox and a solenoid valve.

The plants carried out a comparative study of six nutrient solutions for growing Beijing cabbage, a variety test of lettuce radish, lettuce mustard, pickled herbs, parsley leaf, pea, cabbage and tomatoes.

All overhead line connections are made of elastic rubber tubing. The MCP device, an electromagnetic valve of the ERS brand, an MRTU compressor with a capacity of 50 l / min were used as a command device.

Subject invention

Claims (3)

1. An automatic plant for hydroponic cultivation of plants, including vegetative vessels with lids and plant holders mounted on racks in brackets, connected to the feed liquid reservoirs, a control device, a dosing tank and a compensating reservoir, characterized in that for the simultaneous cultivation plants on various nutrient solutions and increase the operational reliability of the installation; the tanks of the threading fluid are located directly in the lower part of the vegetation vessels; Tubes with them, and with the atmosphere, through capillary holes located above the level of the solution, are connected in parallel with the compensating tank and the metering tank with air ducts, the outlet openings of which are located at the bottom of the said tanks and equipped with air-sprays. 2. An automatic installation according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to fill the vegetative vessels to one predetermined level, the dosing tank is connected to the compensating tank moving in a sealed cuff with a tube and an elastic tube, vegetation vessels are located at the same distance from the input level air into the tanks of the feed liquid. 3. Automatic installation on PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that, in order to improve the placement of the crops, the pots of the growing vessels are placed in the brackets in a movable manner and fixed in the required position by locking screws. f6 6 / J / 3 r ( 20 / 7 -four 2f ng -8 7 iqr G9