SU486474A2 - Nanosecond Switch - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to the field of forming high voltage nanosecond pulses and can be applied in the technique of producing high-power electron beams and quanta.

According to the main author. St. No. 441663 is known for a nanosecond switch containing several main and one triggering gaiter, connected in parallel to the forming line, the two-electrode triggering gage being switched on at half full voltage, and its high-voltage electrode connected via resistors with additional electrodes embedded in the middle electrodes of the main gating arrays .

In order to reduce the switching time in the proposed switch, the middle electrodes of the main arresters are made in the form of plates with sharp edges, and the switch is completely filled with a liquid dielectric.

The drawing shows the proposed switch.

The switch consists of several main arresters 1 with four middle electrodes 2-5 and one triggering arrester 6. Electrodes 7 of the main arresters are located directly on the high-voltage electrode of the forming line, and electrodes 8 on the grounded case of the forming line. The electrodes 9-12 are connected through separation resistances 13 to the middle electrodes of the main arresters. The electrodes are attached to dielectric holders 14. The voltage division at the triggering electrodes and respectively at the main arresters is capacitive due to the constructive selection of plate sizes and electrodes and their location between the forming line electrodes. The resistance value Kk is determined from the following relationship:

Rk-Ck l-2 N s; where / C - / fi,,,

С, Cj, Сз, Q - capacity of medium

electrodes to earth. The main and triggering arresters are placed in transformer oil or water, which are also dielectric of the forming line.

The switch works as follows. When the maximum voltage is reached at the high-voltage electrode 7 of the forming line, the triggering surge is triggered, and it is tuned in such a way that the moment of its breakdown is ahead of the self-test time of any of the main sparklers. After the triggering of the triggering discharge, the potentialal on the middle electrodes of the main discharge during 3-Rh-Cti becomes approximately equal to the potential of the electrode 8. The field in the interval 11-12 becomes non-uniform and many times exceeds the breakdown. After its breakdown in the next gap 10-11, a strong non-uniform field also appears, since all the voltage is released on the resistance R / ,, and it is punched with a small time lag due to repeated overvoltage. The remaining intervals are triggered under similar conditions. The number of plates n is chosen based on the following relationship: fl - n-Bodn where EH is the penetrative intensity of the oil in a non-uniform field, at which the spread of sample break time equal to the gap between two adjacent distorting plates is 1-2 nsec; Odes are the breakdown voltage of the oil for a uniform field with the corresponding duration of the charge pulse and the size of the interelectrode gap in the main discharge. If the time difference between the triggers of the main arresters in the switch is longer than the travel time of the wave front from the switching point of one of them to the next, the forming line electrode can be made with longitudinal cuts between the switching points of the adjacent main dischargers. The length of such cuts along the forming line electrode is determined by the speed of distribution of the wave in the line and the magnitude of the spread time (for a spread of 2-3 nsec in a line with a dielectric — transformer oil the length of the cuts is 30-40 cm). This must be done to avoid voltage swelling on adjacent dischargers before they are triggered. The subject of the invention Nanosecond switch by author. St. 441663, characterized in that, in order to reduce the switching time, it is filled with a liquid di- electrician, and the middle electrodes of the main arresters are made in the form of plates with sharp edges.