SU738021A1 - Spark discharger - Google Patents

Description

(54) SPARK DISPLAY

I

The invention relates to a high-voltage pulse technique, namely, devices for the formation of rectangular pulses and can be used in high-current nanosecond accelerators.

Spark glitters are known that contain two electrodes, the end surface of one of which is covered with a layer of a substance with high thermoelectron emission, which contributes to an improvement in the stability of the gaseous arresters 1.

The closest known technical solution to this proposal is a spark discharge, containing opposing electrodes located in a dielectric medium, the field between which is slightly inhomogeneous, and a sample initiating element, by local distortion, the field located at the end of one of the electrodes 2.

In the specified discharge element, the initiation sample is made in the form of a metal ring with a sharp edge protruding beyond the end surface of the electrode. Strengthening the floor on the edges of the specified column leads to the appearance

from them corona discharge and intensive illumination of the discharge gap. The service life of the discharge is long since the main discharge does not affect the sharp edges of the rings.

A common disadvantage of all of the 5 arrays mentioned above, which hinders their use in high-voltage nanosecond generators and accelerators, is that when using dielectric fluids, for example, transformer oil or purified water, the above methods for improving the stability of the discharge cell are ineffective. This is explained not only by the difference in the ignition mechanism of the discharge in these media, but also due to the short mean free path of electrons and the intense absorption of radiation in liquid dielectrics.

The object of the present invention is to increase the stability of operation in liquid media.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the 20-spark discharge element the initiation sample is made of a solid dielectric, and its dielectric constant (S) differs from the dielectric constant of the medium. The work offered (.: - --- t-. .--- ch-g.

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The device is based on the principle of field distortion caused by the combination of at least two insulating media with different dielectric constants.

The drawing shows a spark discharge consisting of the housing 1, in which two electrodes 2, 3 are located, which are the structural elements of the energy storage device. The initiating isolation element 4 represents a layer or an insert made of polyethylene and made in the form of a ring and mounted on the anode. Purified water with specific resistivity cm and dielectric constant is used as the dielectric medium in the discharge (S 80). The polyethylene is selected from the condition of resistance to shock loads and low dielectric constant (, 2).

The job of the bucket is performed in the following manner,

When charging an energy storage device, for example, from a high-voltage pulse generator assembled according to the Akadev-Marx scheme, the potential at high-voltage electrode 2 increases to a value determined by the electrical strength of the insulating medium of the discharge (purified water). At the same time, near the opposite electrode with an insert or a layer of electrical material; at the interface between the water and the solid dielectric, distortion (local amplification) of the field occurs and, thereby, the discharge ignition process is stabilized. After the discharge is triggered, the discharge is usually initiated from another point, which contributes to the uniform erosion of the electrode. In addition, the insertion, for example, in the form of a ring, contributes not only to the uniform erosion of the electrodes and to an increase in the life of the glitter, but also creates conditions for multichannel com: mutations, which is especially important in low-impedance devices. The distance between the discharge electrodes was established from the condition that the breakdown took place on the ground pulse at the time of the charge line up to the maximum amplitude of the charging voltage. For example, during the breakdown of a gap 10 mm long. The lag time was 650 NS, RMS 738021

The delay time delay is 45 NS. In this case, the deviation of the amplitude of the current pulse (short-circuit mode) was 7% with an average value of 40 kA. After three hundred inclusions, there were no changes in the mode of operation of the arrester.

Thus, the presence of local areas with distortion (amplification) of the field in the anode region makes it possible to stabilize the discharge ignition process and substantially

to improve the mode of operation of the gage, namely: the stability of actuation increases, besides the insert or dielectric layer made in the form of a ring promote uniform erosion of the electrodes and, accordingly, the number of gaps of the discharge with increased stability of operation increases, besides, the multichannel switching mode is realized. It should be noted that it is promising to use two-electrode arresters in MW generators and high-current accelerators with water insulation, as well as in impulse devices for electro-hydraulic processing of materials that do not require tight synchronization with any other installations.

Claims (2)

Invention Formula Spark glitter containing opposing electrodes located in a dielectric medium, the field between which is weakly non-uniform, and a sample initiating element, by local distortion of the field located at the end of one of these electrodes, characterized in that, in order to increase the stability of operation in liquid media, the initiating element is made of a solid dielectric, and the dielectric constant of the solid dielectric is different from the dielectric constant of the medium. ;Information sources, taken into account during the examination 1. Application of the Federal Republic of Germany No. 1950090, cl. H 01 T 3/00 1973. 2. USSR author's certificate No. 351275, cl. H 01 T 1/00, 1971. ; 2J " Kss X N X X N NT CCS X M X X X X X X X X X 7 / / / / / Alv r / /. f   XxXxxxxx