SU468685A1 - Press hammer - Google Patents

Description

(54) PRESS MOLOT

The present invention relates to forge and press machines and can be used for high-speed metal forming.

Hydraulic high-speed press hammers are known, comprising a frame associated with two impinging masses of various sizes moving towards each other, one of which is a working plunger.

In the proposed press hammer, in order to improve the accuracy of manufacturing forgings and increase the energy of the frame, the frame is made in the form of a differential cylinder with a free shaft located inside it.

The weight of the mass of the bed-cylinder not cooled by the impact below the dangerous section of the service windows does not exceed 40% of the total weight of the bed. This increases the load-carrying capacity of the bed in the danger zone and makes it possible to apply calibrating shocks at full power, increasing the accuracy of the stamping.

The press hammer also differs in that the linear dimensions of the feed holes are smaller than the linear dimensions of the sealing cuffs, which ensures the reliable operation of the sealing cuffs and openings.

The drawing shows the proposed pressmolot.

It contains a solid-tube base-cylinder 1 with windows for servicing the working

zones equipped with a quick-disconnecting architrave 2 with an upper die 3 and having vertical movement in the guide support 4 and along the feed column 5. The lower part of the base-cylinder is made in the form of a differential cylinder; and in the area of larger diameter below the working plunger 6, a free piston 8 separating the hydraulic

cavity A from the air cavity B, located above the bottom 9 of the cylinder. Water from cavity A is supplied and poured through pipe 10. Air enters cavity B through channel 11 through the zone of windows of the supply column, made in the form of drilling 12 and windows 13 in the bottom 9. Channel 11 communicates with cavity B of the supply column 5. Channel 14 in the thickness of the wall of the supplying column serves to supply compressed air into cavity G. Cavity A communicates with cavity D through a gap formed by throttling wires located on the skirts of plunger 6 and free piston 8. Valve 15 installed in bottom 9, with

excess pressure bypasses air from

the cavity B into the cavity c, and the drain valve 16 opened by the skirt of the free piston connects the cavity B with the atmosphere only when the free piston is set to its lowest position by water pressure. The vertical movement of the bottom 9 of the bed of the cylinder, and consequently of the entire press hammer along the supply column 5, is limited by bolts 17. A key 18, which is inserted into the groove of the plunger 6, fixes the position of the latter in the bed-cylinder 1.

Works press hammer as follows.

In the cavity A, pipe 10 is supplied with high-pressure water, as a result of which the plunger 6 with the lower die 7 rises until it comes into contact with the upper die 3.

After that, the bed-cylinder 1 will rise up along the guide support 4 and its bottom 9 along the supply column 5, i.e. the press hammer rises to the control stroke, limited by bolts 17. The cavities B and C split up, as windows 13 are in the bottom 9 is moved higher relative to the drills 12. Then, through the channel I, high pressure air is supplied to the cavity B, which is then permanently in it. Through channel 14 air is supplied to cavity D, then water is discharged from cavity A, as a result of which plunger 6 under its own weight is lowered and sits on key 18, and the bed-cylinder with attached masses (architrave 2 with upper die 3) is held in raised The state of air pressure in the cavity G. The press hammer is ready for action.

To make the working stroke, the air from cavity G is discharged through channel 14. Under its own weight, the press hammer is lowered in the guide support 4 and along the supply column 5 and at the time of combination of drills 12 with windows 13, cavities B and B are communicated, compressed air from cavity b through the aforementioned drillings and windows enters cavity b, causing oncoming acceleration of the two systems. The free piston 8, the hydraulic column above it, the plunger 6 with the lower die 7 and the workpiece laid in it are accelerated upwards, and the bottom 9, the frame of the cylinder 1 with the architrave 2 and the upper die 3 - downwards. The counter acceleration is carried out in such a way at 90% of the stroke of the frame and the free piston, after which, at the end of acceleration, a narrow slit is formed when the throttling lines 19 between them are combined, making it difficult for water to flow out of the cavity D.

As a result, the water pressure in this cavity rises and brakes the bed-cylinder with attached masses by braking, stopping and changing the direction of movement of the free piston 8, which then moves with the bed-cylinder down. The plunger b on the acceleration cycle receives a reserve of kinetic energy and then, after changing the direction of movement of the free piston 8, it continues upward movement until the dies collide with the damping of all the kinetic energy in the preforming of the workpiece, and during "dry impact" - in the elastic deformation of dies and

design elements. The rebound after the impact is damped by an air cushion in cavity B. After completing the working stroke, high pressure water is supplied to cavity A, the press hammer rises to the control stroke,

and the free piston 8 is pressed downward, while the air from the cavity B through the valve 15 is forced into the cavity B, and the remaining air under the piston 8 through the drain valve 16 is vented to the atmosphere.

Subject invention

Claims (3)

1. A press hammer containing a frame associated with two impinging masses of various sizes, capable of moving towards each other, one of which is a working plunger, characterized in that, in order to increase the accuracy of manufacture of forgings and increase energy, the frame the press hammer is made in the form of a differential cylinder with a free piston located inside it stock. 2. A hammer press according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to increase the carrying capacity of the frame in the danger zone with the maximum load at the moment of impact, the weight of a part of this frame below its dangerous section does not exceed 40% of the total weight of the frame. 3.Press hammer on the PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that, in order to ensure the reliability of the sealing cuffs and the holes supplying the piston space with energy carrier, the linear dimensions of the supply holes are less than the linear dimensions sealing cuffs.