SU45989A1 - Photochemical relay - Google Patents

Description

Existing types of light relays, based on the conversion of radiant energy into electrical energy, using so-called photovoltaic cells have a very large drawback, namely, very low power at the output of the photocell and, as a result of this, the use of intermediate amplifying devices in the photo-relay, which in turn require additional nutrition

The foregoing, due to the relatively high cost of existing types of photorelays, the need to be serviced by qualified personnel and a number of very significant power difficulties in the amplifying part, creates very unfavorable prerequisites for the introduction of light relays in a number of branches of the national economy, in particular, in railway transport.

The proposed photochemical relay, which uses photochemical reactions with a large energy output, as compared with the luminous flux, makes it possible to build a simple, cheap and reliable operating device to prevent train collisions, as well as a number of other similar signaling and safety devices and devices.

In the proposed photochemical relay is used, for example, photochemical

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the reaction between chlorine and hydrogen takes place in a vessel protected by a light filter from the action of the scattered light, when a beam of light hits the reactants, for example, from a signal lamp.

As is known, the formation of hydrogen chloride from chlorine and hydrogen under the action of light is accompanied by a temporary, very significant increase in the volume of gas produced. In the proposed relay, this phenomenon is used to actuate a piston, the movement of which causes the closure of the electrical circuits of the actuators of various operating devices.

The drawing shows a longitudinal section of a photochemical relay.

The gas vessel / is connected to an optical device consisting of a light filter 3, to detain as much scattered daylight as possible, in order to protect the gas mixture from the slow formation of hydrogen chloride under prolonged exposure to daylight, the collecting lens 4, the aperture 5 and the safety glass / 2. Lens 4 and diaphragm 5 are set and calculated so that only the rays incident on the lens 4 from the light source located on the same optical axis with the lens 4 illuminate the gas mixture in the vessel 7.

The vessel 7 is connected to the cylinder b with a piston 7 placed in it, the stem of which carries the head 10, which closes the contacts 7 / of the working circuit of this or another actuator. The cylinder b is provided with an opening 5 for the discharge of the produced gas; the gas mixture enters the vessel / pipeline 13 through the valve 9.

A beam of light or ultraviolet rays, the source of which is installed on the continuation of the optical axis of the lens 4, causes the formation of hydrogen chloride when the gas mixture (hydrogen and chlorine) in the vessel 7 is illuminated. A temporary increase in pressure in the vessel, accompanying the formation of hydrogen chloride in a closed space, causes the piston 7 to work, closing its contact head 10 with the // contacts of the electrical circuit of various actuators.

Filling the vessel with a mixture of hydrogen and chlorine can occur by manually opening the faucet 9

or automatically by an additional device, the action of which may be due to the operation of the main actuators.

It has already been indicated above that a light relay using photomechanical reactions can be used in a number of automatically operating signaling, safety and other similar devices and devices.

The subject matter of the invention.

A photochemical relay, characterized in that a photochemical reaction with a high energy output, for example, a reaction between chlorine and hydrogen, occurring in a light-protected vessel from the effect of scattered light upon contact with reactants, is used to actuate the piston closing the working circuit contacts. light beam, for example, from a signal light.