SU404275A1 - LUBRICANT-COOLING LIQUID FOR CUTTING METALS - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to auxiliary materials for increasing the durability of the liii tool or the duration of its operation before regrinding, and measures of cutters, drills, cutters, staffing and so on. further, as well as steel, covered with a cutting layer, reducing their wear, in particular to coolant lubricant (coolant).

Known cutting fluids based on water or oils contain salts, alkaline earth salts and alkali metal salts, soap and salt mixtures such as borax, sodium soap or tlycol, alcohols and other liquids, dilated 1; e in water.

Together with soap and water, which are used in ocHOiB HOM in 1 Water solutions, also coolant based on hydrochloric acid, complex etheral and toilet soap are used. Friction and isosy / s are shaky. In this case, as a result, it interacts with metallic materials.

These materials, with a mixture that is under a torsional load is graded, take lubricating agents, consisting of soluble, H compounds, in which chlorine, sulfur and phosphorus are used.

It is known to use agro-ectable anti-rotary pigments, for example, inorganic acids, for the treatment of metals by removing chips. These solutions should have a pH value of 1-3. For example, acids are used which form the sparingly soluble heavy metal salts and calcium. Salts of heavy or alkali metals of the same acids are used as buffering additives. The indicated COJM heavy alkali-metals, therefore, must maintain the pH within the specified limits.

It is known that on the cutter so time of action; Voltage when using a current source of electric current is constantly galvanically deposited layers of lead, which are abraded, but continuously restored, reducing the wear of the cutting tool.

For all of the above methods, it is characteristic that an increase in the durability of the cutting tool or the length of the cutting, as well as an increase in the productivity of work, can be achieved only within very limited limits.

The thermal stability of liquid lubricants and their cooling means is also limited, as a result of which the working pressure can be used within very narrow limits, which limits the working speed and the load without removing the chip.

Oils have less ability to remove heat than -water solutions. In most cases, aggressive solutions of inorganic acids can only partially remove heat. The solutions used in the quality of ZT1I lubricant cooling agents cause inadmissibly severe corrosion.

All this causes, as a rule, expensive additional processing of products. In addition, tools must be subjected to dolol.noitelnoy and expensive processing before the work of ta.kn. Coatings applied to the tool before work are ground relatively quickly, so the tools need to be replaced after 1 short working time.

In case of galvanic deposition of layers of grain on the cutters, during the actual voltage, an additional 1 V external current source is necessary.

The aim of the invention is to increase the durability of the cutting tool or the length of the cut, increase the productivity of inpii processing by removing chips, improving the surface quality of the products being processed and providing greater opportunities for processing chips to be difficult for this type of material. processing.

The cutting tool is directed to a jet of an appropriate auxiliary means, which is capable, under the conditions existing during machining, to provide a coating that reduces friction and wear and tools and compensates for the harmful effects of tokov (without exerting undesirable influence on this tool.

It was found that the introduction of coolant to coiCTaiB, which is a mixture of FUEL and various additives, of a heavy metal electrolyte greatly increases the cutting tool durability and cutting length, increases productivity, etc. The electrolyte solution must flow continuously. sprayed on the cutting tool in operation ..

To improve the effect of the solution, for example, to increase wetting (and to protect machines, tools and processed products from corrosion, appropriate additives, such as surface active substances and inhibitors, are used.

iB as an electrolyte of a heavy metal, use nickel sulphate and, as additives, a mixture containing sodium nitrite, triethanolavdin, a polyhydric alcohol, for example polyethylene glycol.

Weight is introduced into the fluid. %: Nickel sulfate 3-6; sodium nitrite 0.2-0.3; polyethylene glycol 5-20; triethanolamine 3-10. and water up to 100.

The advantage of the proposed solution is that, with its help, many times the cutting tool's durability and cutting length are obtained in comparison with the known fluids, thanks to

which reduces the cost of the tool. In addition, a rational processing is possible by removing the chip and cutting the material, which are difficult to give to this type of processing, or materials that have not yet been inoped could be processed by this method. At the same time, there is no need for additional expenses, as electrolytic solutions can be supplied and discharged in the same way as well-known lubricants: but coolants. The productivity of the work is also increased with the same durability of the cutting tool and the length of the cutting, and accordingly the cutting and feed speeds increase.

Example 1. When milling steel C-a-bore milling cutter with a diameter of 80 mm (number of teeth 10) with approx. Electrolytic solution of the following composition, weight. %:

Nickel sulfate -. (N1504-THAO) 3.0 Nitrite. Sodium 0.2

Polyethylene: gly: col10.0

Triethanolamine5.0

| Water81,8

(pH value 8-9), with a cutting speed of 35, deep cutting of 3 mm and a milling width of 40 mm, the feed rate for rough cutting is 600 mm / min. The average width of the milling wear trace after a cutting length of 30,000 mm is 0.3-0.4 mm.

Example 2. When milling C-60 steel with high-speed steel, using nickel electrodes With a content of: nickel 38-42 hl, chloride 8-10 g / l, boric acid 16-18 g / l (pH 4-4 , 5) at a working temperature of 20-60 ° C, a double cutting length is obtained at a cutting speed almost (three times the usual one. With a cutting depth of 3 mm and a normal cutting length (15000 mm), the cutting speed increases from 17 up to 70 m1min.

Under the same conditions of cutting with the use of conventional oil emulsions as a lubricant-coolant, a full cutter of milling tools begins already after a cutting length of 600 mm.

Subject and reference to IT

Claims (3)

1. A cutting fluid for cutting metals. Based on water, with the addition of additives, characterized in that, in order to increase the durability of the cutting tool and the quality of the surface to be treated, a heavy metal electrolyte is introduced into the composition of liquid B1. 2. A liquid according to claim 1, characterized in that nickel sulfate is used as the electrolyte of a heavy metal, and as an additive is a mixture containing sodium nitrite, triethanolamine, a polyhydric alcohol, for example polyethylene glycol. 3. Liquid by un. 1 and 2, characterized in that iB its composition is introduced, weight. %: Nickel sulfate 3-6 Sodium nitrite. 0.2-0.3 Polyethylene glycol 5-20 Triethanolamine 3-10 Wadado 100 5 The priority of claim 1 is calculated on 30/1/1969 in accordance with Application No. WP 23c / 137552 (GDR) and in 6 paragraphs. 2 and 3 - from 29.VII.1969, according to the application number WP 23c / 141522 (GDR).