RU1772139C - Lubricant-coolant liquid for mechanical metal working - Google Patents

Abstract

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: a liquid contains di (-n-butyl) alkylaryl polyothylene glycol phosphate esters of the general formula CdJeSbH O (C2H4E) 12P (0) (OC4He) 2 2-10% and mineral oil 90-98%. 1 ill.

Description

The invention relates to the machining of metals, in particular to cutting fluids (coolant) used in metal cutting.

It is known that on a whole series of metalworking machines for the lubrication of machine parts and machine parts and at the same time, industrial oil I-20A (GOST 20799-75) in its pure form is used as cutting fluid for cutting tools.

At present, a large assortment of domestic and foreign coolants has been developed, containing pro-wear, anti-seize and protective additives, antifriction fillers, etc., which significantly improve the thermal properties of oil coolants when they are introduced into mineral oils

Sulfuric oils, vegetable and animal fats, organic sulfides and polysulfides, chlorinated paraffins, propylene tetramers and fatty acid esters, chlorosulfidated a-olefins, polybutenes and animals are widely used as anti-seize and anti-wear additives for oil coolants fats.

The most common antiwear and extreme pressure additives that enhance the lubricating properties of oily coolants are organic compounds containing chlorine, sulfur or phosphorus, or two or three active elements at the same time. The presence of these additives in the coolant is characterized by the content of active elements.

Xi

XI hO

With

The closest in composition to the proposed cutting fluid containing the phosphorus active element is a mineral oil based coolant with the addition of a phosphorus-containing compound of tricresyl phosphate (TCF) having the chemical formula: (CH3CbCO) CRO and containing 10.2 wt.% active phosphorus.

Both cutting fluids, which are pure mineral oils, and coolant oils with tricresyl phosphate additives do not ensure the efficient use of metalworking equipment in terms of resistance of the cutting tool and the cleanliness of the machined surfaces.

The aim of the invention is to increase tool life and quality of the machined surface.

This goal is achieved in that a metalworking fluid containing mechanical oil and a phosphorus-containing additive, contains phosphorus-containing di (n-butyl) alkylaryl-polyethylene glycol esters of phosphoric acid of the general formula as a phosphorus-containing additive:

C9HigCel-UO (C2H40) l2P (0) (OC4H9) 2

in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

di (n-butyl} alkylaryl-

polyethylene glycol zfirs of phosphoric acid2. ,, 10

mineral oil 90 ... 98

Surfactant (surfactant) di (n-butyl) alkylarylpolyethylene glycol esters of phosphoric acid (codename Syntaphate, TU 38. 50796-88) has the following physicochemical characteristics:

Appearance Viscous liquid

yellow to dark brown Odor Specific

mineral oil

Density at 20 ° С, kg / m.

no more than 1100

Flash point about open crucible. ° C. no more than 190

Acid number, mg KOH / g.

no more than 80

Mass fraction of phosphorus,%, not less than 3

Hydrogen index (pH) of 5% aqueous solution 5 ... 7

Solubility In oils, organic solvents, in water forms stable emulsions

The water content, wt.%,

no more than 0.4

The drawing shows the dependence of tool life (drilling depth) on the concentration of the phosphorus-containing additive Syntafat surfactant in mass percent.

To prepare the proposed coolant, it is necessary to pour the calculated amount of surfactant into the mineral oil and mix thoroughly. When refueling machines, the required amount of surfactant is poured into the oil tank, and the additive is mixed with oil during the operation of the machine.

For comparative tests, 10 formulations of the proposed coolant were prepared according to the table. 1.

The indicated compositions of the proposed coolant (1-10) were tested in comparison with the known coolants: the analogue was I-20A mineral oil (composition 11) and the prototype was I-20A oil with the addition of 1 wt.% Tricresyl phosphate (composition 12).

The tests were carried out while drilling on a 2H135 model vertical drilling machine. The cutting tool is a cylindrical spiral drill with a diameter of 8.5 mm, the material is P6M5 (GOST 866-77). The processed material is high-strength steel ZOKHGSNA-vd, heat-treated on NRSe 49 (OB 170 kgf / mm2). Cutting speed V 2.4 m / min (n 90 rpm) feed 5-1.1 mm / r.

The holes were drilled blind to a depth of three drill diameters (25 mm). The criterion for evaluating the effectiveness of the coolant was taken to be the resistance of the drill to full dullness: the appearance of a creak and the termination of the cutting process.

The results of comparative tests of the proposed and known coolants are summarized in table. 2.

As can be clearly seen from the dependence of tool life (drilling depth) on additive concentration (surfactant) in I-20A mineral oil (Table 2 and drawing), the effect of the additive in the proposed coolant is manifested at a concentration of 1 wt.%, Then gradually increases and after 4 wt.% increases sharply, reaching a maximum at a concentration of 7 wt.%, followed by a gradual decrease. The optimum content of Syntaphate surfactant in the coolant is 2-10 wt.%, Increasing the concentration of more than 10 wt.% Is impractical. When the concentration of surfactants in the proposed coolant 7 wt.% The resistance of the cutting tool increases by a factor of b compared with the prototype

To assess the beneficial effects of the proposed coolant, pilot tests of the coolant were carried out in the manufacture of gears on gear milling and gear cutting machines.

In the manufacture of gear wheels made of ZOKHGSA steel, cutters made of high-speed steel P18 on a gear milling machine filled with standard working fluid with I-20A oil produced an average of 5-10 parts without regrinding of the cutter, after 9A Syntaphat surfactant was introduced into the coolant of the machine, 9- 10 parts with uniform machining modes. The purity of the treated surface increased by one class, from RZ 20 to Ra 2.5, which, when converted to the height of PZ bumps in microns, amounts to a decrease in the height of bumps by 10 microns.

Comparative tests of the proposed cutting fluid were carried out on a gear-cutting machine in the manufacture of gear wheels made of 38Kh2MYuA steel with a cutter from P6M5 high-speed steel until it was fully worked out by regrindings, and the number of gears made per one cutter at various concentrations of Syntaphat surfactant was determined Mineral oil I-20A.

The test results are presented in table 3.

From the data table. 3 it follows that in the manufacture of the same number of parts with

By using the proposed coolant, tool consumption is reduced from 2 to 8 times depending on the concentration of coolant additive.

Claims (1)

The use of the invention will only allow the introduction of a phosphorus-containing additive of the surfactant Syntaphate into the cutting fluid of metal cutting machines without other additional costs to increase the efficiency of metalworking equipment, reduce, wear and increase the durability of the cutting tool, increase the productivity of the process and improve the quality of the workpieces. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A metal cutting lubricant containing mineral oil and a phosphorus-containing additive, characterized in that, in order to increase tool life and surface finish, the liquid contains di (n-butyl) alkylaryl polyethylene glycol ethers as a phosphorus-containing additive phosphoric acid of the formula СДН 19СбН40 (С2Н40) 12Р (0) (OS4Н9) 2 in the following ratio of components. May%: di (n-b / tyl) alkylaryl- polyethylene glycol phosphoric acid esters of the indicated f01: ul 2-10 mineral oil 90-98. Table 1  a b l c a 2 400О 2 4 О 8 Ю 12 14 16 IS 2Q Concentration / pucad / ru Us. % Continuation of Table 2. Table 3