SU38775A1 - Way to seal the knots in the boards - Google Patents

Description

The amount of sawn timber, for example, for railcar construction and, in particular, for the carriage of freight cars, is essential, since during the carriage of goods in bulk, such as grain, the hole in the knot will cause leakage and loss of cargo.

The difficulty of ensuring the high demand for railcar construction of required quality sawn timber necessitated the installation of knots in the floorboards and in the wall covering of freight cars with metal buttons. However, the use of these buttons did not give a positive result and it did not get to spread at car repair plants. But simply putting the knots in the boards does not hold the plugs in them.

According to the invention, to eliminate the extrusion of the plugs, the openings for the plugs are drilled on either side of the board at half its thickness and, moreover, in the case of straight-different diameters and inclined-equal diameters, but with axes shifted relative to each other.

In FIG. 1 shows a section of a board with a vertical knot; FIG. 2 is the same, with an inclined knot;

(90)

FIG. 3-embedding an inclined knot of the board, and FIG. 4 - termination of a vertical knot of a board.

Poor-quality knots in the boards — black, horny, tobacco, loosely intertwined with wood, and also holes from the dropped out knots are sealed with two wooden jams.

Wood plugs are harvested on a conventional drilling machine from waste (pieces) of sawn timber, pre-dried to 15-18% moisture (abs.). The height of the plugs is set depending on the thickness of the boards to be embedded and the lumber from which the plugs are harvested. All boards, in which it is necessary to close knots or holes, are pre-selected and distributed into two parts, namely, boards with knots arranged vertically (Fig. I), and on boards with knots arranged at an angle (Fig. 2) but with respect to the wide board. This separation is important for speeding up the process of working in, drilling the knots.

At that. same drilling machine, on which the stoppers are prepared, knots and holes are drilled from both

sides of the board, if possible, half the thickness of the board on each side; Moreover, if the bitch is located obliquely, then the hole in it is drilled with the same size on both sides (Fig. 3), and if the knot is located vertically, then on one side the hole should have a smaller diameter, and on the other, a larger one (Fig. 4) .

With this method of sealing, the cork on each side will abut against the remaining un-drilled part of the board and cannot be knocked out, but can only be pulled back, moreover, it is coated with iron to remove the last cork.

Wooden plugs of the required size are inserted into the drilled hole of the board, having preliminarily dipped them in ferrous sol heated to a liquid state. With a hammer blow, the plugs fit tightly into the holes; while the remaining part of the cork is cleaned with a chisel behind the surface of the board.

To eliminate the gouging, it is necessary to insert the plugs with the coincidence of the direction of the fibers.

Knotting can be done before gouging h after gouging lumber. In the latter case, after sealing the hole with a cork, the surface of the board must be planed with a plane.

The plugs sealed in this way are held so firmly that they do not jump out from strong blows with a hammer, they are neither high (70-80 °), nor low temperature, nor humidity.

With proper gouging of lumber after dyeing, even without puttying, places with embedded knots do not differ from the rest of the board.

Knotting can be easily mastered without the need for special equipment, since all trimming can be used for plugs.

The use of the proposed method of embedding knots allows the use of, for example, carriage engineering of spruce sawn timber and facilitates the conditions for providing sawnwood carriagework without compromising the quality of the produced cars.

The proposed knot sealing method can be used in various fields of construction industry.

The subject matter of the invention.

The method of embedding knots in planks, characterized in that in order to eliminate the extrusion of the plugs, the holes for the plugs are drilled on both sides of the board by half its thickness and, in the case of straight knots, of different diameters (Fig. 4), and inclined of the same diameter, but with axes shifted relative to each other (Fig. 3).

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