SU34517A1 - A way to make silk - Google Patents

Description

Available literature data | about ways from natural desire; silk by producing fiber of the WINE weight on the fiber of the tin; is reduced to the following. one

The oldest method of wanting j was that the sheak was treated in a solution of chlorine tin of a well known concentration, then the next wash was carried out j and finally i was treated with a calcine solution; A bath of soda, due to which the basic tin salt precipitated on the fiber, passed into tin anhydride, which was the final result of the operation.

Obtained in this way from the coveted silk did not give softness, elasticity, because of its matte color it did not give an opportunity to turn out the goods in a white uncolored form and, mainly, strongly lost its initial strength.

Somewhat later, a method was proposed for producing double tin of a nano-phosphorus weight gain. In this method, sodium phosphate was taken instead of soda to fix tin oxide.

Later, for the purpose of greater weight gain, the firm Neuhaus and Krefelde proposed a method by which, after fixing a tin weight gain on silk using phosphoric acid sodium, it was further processed by

(42)

soluble glass, i.e. alkaline solution of cream-acid sodium.

In this case, a triple compound of tin oxide, phosphoric acid and silicic acid is formed on silk.

This method gave the opportunity to return the qualities inherent in silk like gloss, silkiness on a soft and pure white color.

With the methods described, the weight gain was carried out exclusively on silk in the form of skeins, and the difficulty of obtaining weight gain on the fabric was due to the large number of sequential repetitive operations and the lack of specific equipment necessary in this case. In addition, the process itself required a lot of time and often lasted more than one day.

To speed up the process, pre-swelling of the silk fiber was required from the desire. The swollen silk fiber reacts quickly and easily with tin, phosphate, and silicate solutions during the process of reduction.

Recently, Clavel and Lindenmayer have suggested using 75% formic acid for this purpose. But formic acid in such a high concentration creates unhygienic working conditions and requires strong ventilation.

In addition, after swelling in the city of silk, silk fiber must be very thoroughly washed for the following reasons. The first step in the actual dressing is to treat the fiber with a solution of chlorine tin. It is known that alkaline fiber is able to decompose medium salts of basic and acidic and while, in this case, the basic salt of chloride tin, is absorbed by the fiber, the acid salt and resulting also free hydrochloric acid, gradually accumulating in the bath, increase the acidity last. A decrease in the Ph of the solution may lead to the fact that on subsequent immersion of silk in this tin solution, the silk fiber will not absorb chlorine tin. It is obvious that poorly washed fiber, having the remaining acid, will further lower the Ph of the solution.

In the proposed method, an EO / O-solution of calcium chloride is used to swell the silk fiber at a temperature of 70-80 ° C and a processing time of the silk fiber for about 1 minute.

The method allows the entire process to be carried out in a web and in a continuous flow.

Silk fabric, freed from sericin by decoction on soap in the usual way, is processed in an EO / o-solution of calcium chloride at a temperature of 75 ° for 1 minute, followed by a spin on the pad, air cream and rinsing. The swollen silk goes directly to the usual treatment with chlorine tin, phosphate layers and sodium silicate. For this purpose, the fabric is washed and squeezed on a paddle for half a minute in a solution of chlorine tin, with a strength of 35 ° Be, at ordinary temperature, followed by squeezing, air brewing, a second pass to the chlorine tin solution under the same conditions, wringing, brewing . Then the tissue is fed to the U / o-nyi di-disodium phosphate solution at an ordinary temperature, pressed with a subsequent air gun, and fed to the Yu / en-ry alkaline solution of disodium phosphate at an ordinary temperature, wringing and boil. After the brewer, the fabric is washed and pressed. The duration of treatment in phosphate baths in each case is half a minute. After that, the fabric passes all the operations described again, starting with chlorine tin solution and ending with washing and squeezing after passing an alkaline phosphoric acid soda to the alkaline solution, and finally processing it with sodium silicate solution 3Вё with soap added at a temperature of 60 for 1 minute and finally it is washed in an ordinary way.

The fabric carried out according to the described method gives a weight gain of 17-189 / 0 with a high gloss and good elasticity.

The whole process of desire takes about 40-50 minutes. By varying the concentration and duration of treatment in each individual solution, it is possible to get the desired percentage of weight gain in one pass.

In dyeing, silk gives subtle tones, retaining all the properties of natural silk, like shine, elasticity and characteristic crunch.

The subject matter of the invention.

The method of desiring silk with chlorine tin, phosphoric acid salts and sodium silicate, characterized in that before treatment with solutions of these salts, silk is treated at 70-80 ° with calcium chloride solution, squeezed and matured in air to swell the fiber, then swollen silk is washed and directly treated with chlorine tin, phosphoric acid salts and sodium silicate.