SU343871A1 - HORIZONTAL HYDRAULIC PRESS - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the field of metal forming, as well as to horizontal hydraulic presses of predominantly high power, intended for the production of solid and hollow profiles of different cross sections from ferrous or non-ferrous metals, both with and without the use of technological lubrication of the tool.

A known design of pipe-profile presses in which an ingot is fed to the axis of the press between the ends of the container and the press-stamp and is pushed into the container together with the press washer and idle press-stamp. However, such a design scheme requires an increase in the length and, accordingly, the weight of the press.

Known press consists of a traverse, the main working cylinder and the plunger, fastened to the movable traverse, the container of the front traverse with the matrix node, the columns and the bed.

The design feature of the press is a device that ensures the movement of the ram both independently of the movable crosshead and with it, made in the form of a piston moved in the bore of the main tunnel under the pressure of the working fluid.

Such a press structure has a number of significant drawbacks.

Due to the fact that the press stamp is simultaneously a hydraulic cylinder rod, it can have only one diameter of the working part, while excluding the possibility of using press stamps of several sizes required for each press, depending on the required dimensions.

containers. In addition, it is difficult to press with the technological lubrication of the container and the pressing of metals, in which the compressible material sticks to the ram, causing increased wear of the seals of the ram in the piston cylinder.

The complexity of manufacturing and operating components of a hard-to-reach piston cylinder, located in the bore of the plunger of the main working cylinder, is significantly increased.

The piston cylinder, made in the bore of the plunger of the main working cylinder, practically excludes the possibility of placing a special drive of the piercing needle, necessary for pressing hollow profiles, and the stroke of the piston cylinder limited by the length of the plunger is significantly behind the power of the piercing needle rigidly connected to the press stamp. The purpose of the invention is to expand the range of extruded products. The proposed design has the following 5 features: a removable ram is fixed on the head rigidly fixed in the movable traverse by a bolt (lock) formed by two half rings (deadbolts) entering the outer ring of the groove on the head and receiving the force working cylinder press. The head is centered with respect to the axis of the press with the keys fixed in the cavity of the movable crosshead and entering the grooves. 15 Displacement of the head of the press clamp relative to the movable crosshead is produced with the special valves attached to the cylinder head. .20 The outer bar, fastened to the head of the ram, is centered relative to the axis of the press in the cylinder bushings, and the inner rod with the piercing needle attached to it - in the sleeves of the 25-bar hollow shtanga. FIG. 1 depicts the described press, side view with a partial cut along the longitudinal axis; in fig. 2 - slide of the mobile tra-30 version, section, perpendicular to the axis of the press. The described press contains a front yoke 1, a carrier matrix 2, which closes on one side the working cavity 35 of the container 3 installed in the container 4 with the movement cylinders 5. The matrix has a calibrated orifice defining the outer surface of the product 6 manufactured from ingot-40 7, located in the cavity of the container. A press washer 8 is installed in the same cavity on the other side of the ingot 7, moved by a press stamp 9 fixed on the front end of the cylindrical head 45 ki 10. The head 10 is centered in the movable cross bar 11 by the keys 12 which simultaneously serve as guides during the movements it is inside the movable cross-member 11. The head 10 is fixed relative to the specified cross-beam by a shutter consisting of two half-rings / 3 with the cylinders 14 of movement. The movable yoke moves along the axis of the press toward the front yoke with plungers 15 of the main workers55 cylinders 16 mounted in a stationary cylinder yoke 17 mounted on a support frame 18 embedded in the foundation. The movable yoke and the container holder move along the axis of the press along directions-60, 19 and the front traverse along guides mounted on the support frame. 4 is received by columns 2} through the front cylinder head and outer nuts 22. The internal nuts 23 ensure that the arms are in constant contact with the nuts. The head is rigidly fastened to an external hollow rod 24 having guide sleeves 25 mounted in a cylinder head plate. A piercing needle 26, which forms the internal cavity of the compressible product, passes through the ingot, the press nipple and, depending on the requirements of the technology, can either be rigidly fastened to the ram or pass through it and fixed to the inner rod 27 directed in the rod 24 and rigidly fastened to the movable crossbar 28, which is simultaneously one of two stops that restrict the movement of the piercing needle relative to the ram. Moving the crossbar 28 along guide rails 29 along the axis of the press in the direction of the front crossmember the plunger 30 of the working cylinder 31 of the head drive; the cylinder 31 is mounted in a fixed crosshead 32 connected to the cylinder crosshead 33 with nuts 34. The cross member 28 moves in the opposite direction by the cylinder return stroke 35, the plungers 36 of which are rigidly connected to cylinder traverse, and the cylinders themselves are fastened to the movable traverse and together with it move under the pressure of the working fluid. The fastening and moving units of the press-stamp 9 and the piercing needle 26 can be made in three versions, I. If the piercing needle 26 is to form a fixed connection with the press-stamp 9, then the rod 24 of the head 10 can be made solid, fastened directly to the movable cross-bar 28, and the rod 27 needles 26 will be absent. 2. If the piercing needle 26 is to be connected to the rod 27, then in this case the rod 24 of the head 10 is fastened to the cross member 28 so that they can be mutually displaced relative to each other. When the cross member 28 moves forward towards the container, it rests under the action of the plunger 30 on the end face of the rod 24, together with the shaft will move in the indicated direction, and when the cross member 28 returns, the rod 24 will move in the same direction under the action of the plungers 36, the force of which is transmitted from the cylinders 35 to the rod 24 through the mounts 37, the nuts 38, which are the second stop restricting the movement of the mandrel relative to the pressing the clamp, the cross member 28 and the yoke 39 fastened to the shaft 24. 3. The third variant differs from the first two The fact that in the bottoms of the return cylins. In this embodiment, it is possible to perform joint idle movements of the ram 9 and the needle 26 fully extended from it with the shutter open, consisting of two semicircles 13 with the cylinders 14 of movement and independent movements of the needle 26 from the ram 9 with the shutter closed.

The work of the press takes place in the following order.

The pressing force can be generated by one cylinder 31 of the needle drive 26, two main working cylinders 16 or all three together. The cylinder 31 transmits the force through the plunger 30, the cross member 28, the rod 24 to the head 10. The cylinders 16 transmit the force through the plungers 15, the yoke 11, the half ring 13 of the bolt also to the head 10. Then the working force through the press stamp 9, the press washer 8 and the ingot 7 is transferred to the die 2 and is perceived by the front crosshead.

Further, the working force is transmitted from the front beam 1 through the nuts 22 and 34 - the columns 21 and 33 to the cylinder crossbars 17 and 32 and is closed on the cylinders 16 and 31.

FIG. 1, the press is shown in its initial position before making a stroke, for which the working fluid is supplied to the cylinders 16 and 31. The cross member 11 moves along the guides 19, and the press stamp 9 bonded to it advances the press washer 5 through the working cavity of the container 3, displaces the metal of the ingot 7 into the annular gap between the die 2 and the needle 26. This produces a hollow product 6, the cross section of which corresponds specified annular gap.

After completing the working stroke, the press-stamp 9 produces the pressing out of the container 3 of the residue from the ingot 7 (press-residue) and the press washer 8. At the end of these operations, the cylinders 20 return the yoke 11c. press the stamp 9 to its original position, and the press washer 8 is separated from the press residue and transferred to the mechanism that sets it on the axis of the press (not shown in the drawings).

After that, the bolt half-rings 13 are separated by the cylinders 14 and the ram 9 with the needle 26 advanced from it and the head 10 is moved by the cylinders 35 along the axis of the press inside the movable crosshead // along the guide pins 12 so that the needle 26 clears the space required

for issuing the press washer 8 on the axis of the press. Then the press washer 8 is installed on the axis of the press and the idling cylinder 31, the head 10, the press stamp 9 and the needle 26 are served

forward towards the front crosshead / along the keys 12, the needle 26 enters the opening of the press washer 8, the mechanism setting it is removed from the axis of the press, and the press washer 8 remains mounted on the needle 26. Next in the space between the container 3 and the movable traverse // lubricates needle 26, removes it with press washer 8 and ram 9 inside traverse 11, feeds a new ingot to the press axis in the vacant space between container 3 and traverse 11, then with the help of cylinder 31 idle forward 26 with press washer 8, press stamp 9, head 10 by keys 12.

When this needle 26 passes through the hole in the ingot 7, and the press washer 8, put on the needle 26 until it stops in the press stamp 9 pushes the ingot 7 into the working cavity of the container 3. At the end of the specified stroke of the semi-ring 13, close the shutter using the cylinders 14, after which the press will take the initial position (before the start of pressing, see Fig. 1.2).

thirty

Subject invention

Claims (2)

1. A horizontal hydraulic press containing an anterior traverse mounted on the frame, on which the matrix and the container are coaxially mounted, the movable traverse with the ram and the movable crossmember cooperating with the working cylinder and the piercing needle fixed on the rod, as well as the bolt fixing the position of the ram relative to the movable crosshead, characterized in that, in order to expand the assortment of compressible products, it is equipped with a head mounted on the movable traverse with the possibility of moving relative to it in the axial direction from the self-actuator, at one end of which the stamp is mounted and the other end is connected via a hollow rod to a movable cross bar, while the rod with the piercing needle is passed through the hollow rod. 2. A press according to claim 1, characterized in that the shutter is made in the form of two adjustable half-rings concentrically covering the head of the mobile traverse. 75 6 2 7 9101413 P / - / y // y / / / Y / / 22 23 2i 26 Id t 12 15 IS 17 2427 59 28 352BJJS8 3240 fl 23 25 2220 29 W 33 34. 21