SU34146A1 - The method of extraction of metals from slags, districts, tailings and other metal-containing waste, as well as oxidized or sulphite ores or concentrates - Google Patents

Description

The proposed method for the extraction of metals from slags, raymak, tailings and other metal-containing wastes, as well as oxidized or sulphite ores or concentrates, by restoring the gaseous medium during the gasification of the fuel in a suspended state, consists in that the processed materials are blown into the heated furnace chamber along with coal dust, fluxes and similar materials with hot air and dry or superheated steam in such a way that the jets of the feed mixture intersect between themselves and the torch of the heating nozzles above lacquer bath.

In FIG. Figure 1 shows a furnace designed for carrying out the proposed method in a longitudinal section; FIG. 2 is the same section along the ABC line in FIG. one; FIG. 3 is a section along the line DE in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a section along the line of the HP in FIG. one.

The proposed method relates to the treatment in suspension of various metallurgical industries (slags, raimkovka, etc.), as well as oxidized or sulphite ores and concentrates, with the aim of extracting the contained /: in them metals, consisting in

(388)

WHAT the processed materials are blown together with coal dust and fluxes with hot air with dry or superheated steam into the heated chamber of an oil, gas or coal-fired heating furnace, where intensive gasification of the charge fuel occurs in a suspended state with decomposition of water vapor and combustion products fuels, the recovery of metals produced by the active gaseous medium (Ha-j-CO), the melting and slagging of waste rock and separation from non-volatile metals due to the difference in specific weights, as well as the evaporation of volatile substances allov and sulfur and removing them as vapor together with the exhaust gases.

To eliminate the charge ash and ash from the top of the willow and with gases, ground slag or similar low-melting materials are introduced into the mixture, forming slag rain above the furnace bath, entraining dust and ash of fuel into it.

Exhaust gases containing a significant amount of combustible components together with fumes of volatile metals and sulfur are burned in a furnace to improve the thermal balance of the process and, after cooling, are fed to conventional dust collectors to separate metal oxides, and sulfur dioxide can be used to produce sulfuric acid or produce sulfur. When recycling materials that do not contain sulfur, waste gases with volatile metal vapors may not burn them in the furnace, use kik combustible gases for industrial plants after the separation of metal oxides, since during the passage through the gas pipeline and long-term contact with gases containing carbon dioxide and water vapor will be oxidized to form an additional amount of combustible components.

. The practical implementation and introduction into the industry of the method of processing materials in a suspended state depends not only on the method of conducting the process, but also on the design of the furnace for processing, ensuring continuous operation,

retention of pulverized charge in the furnace and rational use of heat.

P0 to the proposed method, which involves introducing low-melting materials into the charge to hold the mixture in the furnace, although dust is deposited in the slag bath, but requires the use of a long flare or high temperature at the end of the furnace. In addition, when processing sulphite ores and concentrates, with varying degrees of grinding sulphite materials and solid reducing agent, a strict distinction is required in the kiln of the kiln, reduction and oxidation zones. All this indicates the need to use the furnace.

of elongated type, however, ensuring the presence of a high temperature at the end of it for melting a fine drink carried with c-gases.

The proposed furnace design, designed to carry out the proposed method, according to the inventor, fully satisfies the process requirements and, in addition, allows coarse dust to be precipitated using a slag chamber and to use in the heat furnace furnace the afterburning of gases from the reduction chamber. .

The furnace consists of a long horizontal chamber / for gasifying the fuel and restoring metals in suspension, having a dull arch 2 and a narrowing at the end, and a bath 5 for separating non-volatile metals from the liquid slag, due to the difference in their specific weights. The prechamber, - # is designed to smoothly charge the charge in the upright state and introduce Extra Fuel for heating the furnace with oil gas or pulverized nozzles from the front side of the furnace along its long axis, which expands in all directions towards the reducing measure and adjacent to her extended part. The slag chamber 3, which is used for fusing and precipitating coarse dust and slag particles, is carried away by:) gases, connected to a reducing chamber 6 by a short narrow channel 6 with a common hearth with a slope in the direction of gas movement. The chamber 7, intended for the afterburning of gases and the oxidation of volatile metal vapor and sulfur, has a number of windows for supplying additional air and a window 9 for removing waste gases and metal oxides.

In addition, for the maintenance of the furnace there are windows / {closed during the operation of the furnace, and for the production of metal and slag separate tap holes // and / 2 located at different levels of the slag chamber.

Air heating and the generation of steam required for the process are carried out using the heat of the exhaust gases using conventional means.

Before starting the operation, the furnace is well heated by heating nozzles, then the mixture of finely chopped processed materials, coal dust and fluxes is blown through the end of the prechamber 4 with air with dry or superheated steam, and due to the smooth expansion of the prechamber chamber in the direction of gas flow, the mixture has a smooth decrease speed, which prevents the premature loss of large particles of its components, and the heating of sulphite materials is heated and fired.

In the recovery chamber 7, decomposition of water vapor and combustion products of fuel “decanted” and particles, carbon in a weighted state, recovery of the resulting gaseous medium contained in the mixture of metals and sulfur dioxide, fusion of injected low-melting materials (slags, etc.) and deposition slag rain fluxes V waste.

Non-volatile metals, entering the bath 3 of the furnace, are separated from the liquid slag from the difference in their specific gravity. But also: sulfur evaporates bcc and together Ci, nocTPynatoT flue gases through a narrow short channel 5 with an increased gas velocity into the slag chamber 5 with a significant cross section, which results in 5 large dust particles from the slag due to a sharp change in the gases. The finer dust and hardened slag particles, entering the high temperature zone in the afterburning chamber, are again melted and in the form of large droplets also deposited on the slag bath. ; ., ..,,

The waste gases, after the combustion of the combustible components and the oxidation of volatile metals and sulfur in the chamber 7 located under the slag chamber 5, are removed from the furnace along with the metal oxides at a gradually increasing rate, thus preventing the deposition of metal oxides on the slag bath.

Oxides of volatile metals are precipitated in a Kotrel apparatus after cooling gases, in devices for heating the air and generating steam, and sulfur gases are used to produce sulfuric acid or / to obtain sulfur.

To prevent the walls of the reducing chamber from being eroded by the burning stream of the charge and reducing the ablation with gases, refractory; fluxes (quartz, limestone, etc.) can also be introduced through the arch of the furnace along its walls with the formation of slopes through

 ..-, - ff,

special holes 75 with automatic loading.

Thus, in the furnace of the proposed design, it is possible to treat in a suspended state both sulphite materials and oxidized ores and metallurgical wastes to produce liquid metals, mattes, alloys and metal oxides with separation of waste rock in the form of liquid slags. .

The subject matter of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. A method for extracting metals from slags, raits, tailings and other metal-containing wastes, as well as oxidized or sulphite ores or centers by reducing the gaseous medium during fuel gasification in a suspended state, characterized in that the materials being processed are blown into the heated furnace chamber in order to deposit dust to the reacted charge, together with coal dust and low-melting fluxes, slags or other similar materials with hot air with dry or superheated steam so that the jet of the fed charge is crossed alis between themselves and fakelrm heating nozzles above the slag bath. 2. Furnace for carrying out the method according to claim 1, characterized by using a long horizontal reducing chamber J connected by a thin arch 2 and a narrowed part with a vertically positioned oxidizing chamber serving for the afterburning of gases and provided with windows 8 in the middle for introducing additional air. 3. In the furnace according to claim 1, use a pre-chamber 4 extending from the end wall of the furnace towards the reduction chamber and the extended part adjacent to the latter in order to smoothly supply the charge in suspension and introduce additional fuel for heating the furnace (liquid, gaseous IKI pulverized) along the axis of the furnace. to authorship certificate E: B. # .:. -Ryёova J YShb. - ... ... /