SU3162A1 - The method of burning pulverized fuel in the free combustion chamber - Google Patents

Description

The proposed method aims to complete the combustion of pulverized fuel (even with its uneven grinding and not dry enough). The author proceeds from the following considerations: the volume of the combustion chamber per kilogram of fuel burned per hour is not as important as the burning rate itself, i.e. the time during which the particles of the fuel, in the presence of a sufficient amount and sufficiently good washing of its air and at a sufficient temperature, is in the combustion chamber; in this case it makes absolutely no difference whether this residence time of the fuel particle is reached, surrounded by sufficient air and at a temperature sufficient for burning, due to the lower speed of its movement, or due to the larger path traveled in the combustion chamber by the fuel particle; at the same time, the speed of movement of the fuel particles with air is proportional to the velocity of the gas, and, consequently, the velocity of the thrust or vacuum in the furnace, and therefore at a certain stretch the speed

The fuel particles are not changeable. In order to increase the residence time of the fuel particles in the combustion chamber, it is thus necessary to lengthen its path. In the present invention, this elongation of the path is made by blowing the air spray with a high pressure (in the form of a loop) back against thrust by blowing.

FIG. 1 explains the possibility of carrying out the invention in the Lankashire boiler; FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section of the furnace device; FIG. 3 is a variant of the device, at which, due to the additional heating of the dust itself, it is possible to incinerate a more humid or in general more difficult inflammable type of pulverized fuel, even of uneven size and coarse granular grinding, in FIG. 4 is the location of the combustion device (as in Figs. 2 and 3) below the horizontal water-tube boiler, and the combustion chamber itself is brought here somewhat backwards, in FIG. 5- device

fireboxes similar to FIG. 3, with the difference that here the dust is supplied through the pipe 1 from below and is not heated by the action of gases in the furnace; in FIG. 6- location of the firebox under the vertical -vodotrubny boiler with the direction of the torch loop downwards, in FIG. 7 is the same, the device with a torch loop from bottom to top, in FIG. 8 is a variant of the same device of the combustion chamber for its rotating water-tube boiler, as shown in FIG. 3 for a horizontal water tube boiler, and in FIG. 9 is an embodiment of the same embodiment, but heated by a pulverizing jet, not by heating through the walls of the air conducted to the nozzle, but by looking at the air in the nozzle with gas that is siphoned off from the combustion chamber.

When implementing the proposed method, according to FIG. 2, the dusty fuel is supplied through pipe 7, and the air supplied by fan 3 through pipe 2 intersects a stream of dust at an angle at its exit from the nozzle 4, the exit is like that of a rectangular and narrow nozzle 5. At the same time (as it rises the flame 6 bathes the tube 2) the air heats up strongly, cooling the tube 2 and preventing its combustion. The surface of a naphnea air jet, pre- formed by tube 2, can be made from iron, cast iron, or from any refractory material, or in the form of a brick channel inside or on the wall of the furnace, or in the form of a channel with grate tiles, or in a similar way. The temperature of the air leaving the nozzle 5 can be regulated by the speed of its movement through the tube 2; By covering the air supply valve to the fan, it is possible to regulate the required amount of air entering through the tube 2.

Since the air flowing through pipe 2 is given by means of a fan 3, respectively, a greater pressure than that of a dust jet coming out of the nozzle 4, the direction of movement of the mixture, as shown by jets b (Fig. 2), is deviated, creating a maximum the passage path of the combustion chamber that

should strongly contribute to the complete combustion of anthracite and shtyb.

In those cases, when it is necessary to deal with extremely flammable or raw fuel, as well as with a larger grinding of dust, the present invention provides for the device shown in FIG. 3. Here the tube /, which supplies dust suspended in a small amount of air, passes the same way as tube 2 for air, through: cutting the combustion chamber; As a result, both the air and the dust itself are strongly heated at the site of the exit and the intersection of both jets from nozzles 4 and 5, as a result of which a greater pyrometric effect should be obtained when crossing them. Due to the direction of intersected jets from bottom to top, larger and heavier particles 7, attributed by the centrifugal force of the jet to the upper walls and the arches of the firebox, after hitting them, fall back into the burning stream, where they themselves burn. In addition, in the case of low-melting slag, the air tube 2 or any air heating surface, being located below the torch, can also play the role of a condenser of slags 8, which fall through it into a pile 9. The location of the tube 2 at the bottom of the combustion chamber (FIG. 3) it has a number of advantages in terms of better protection of the pipe itself from burning through a layer of ash deposited on it, as well as in the sense of better strengthening it and eliminating the possibility of its progress.

FIG. 4 shows the same as in FIG. 3, the device of the invention under the horizontal water-tube boiler with the only difference that the combustion chamber is retracted here; “And FIG. 5 tube /, unlike the device in FIG. 3, is supplied from below and is not heated by the gases of the furnace; in fig. 6 shows the proposed invention under the vertical-tube boiler, with the direction of the flare loop down; FIG. 7 gives the same device with a torch loop from bottom to top; FIG. 8 represents a variant of the same furnace device for a vertical water tube boiler, as

It has been shown in FIG. 3 for a horizontal water tube. In addition, in FIG. 6 the dotted line shows the location of the pipe 7 for the above described case of heating, except for air, also dust, and on phag. 7 points, indicated by ty | {location of the air tube 2 /, in case it is desirable to use it also as a liquid fusible slag condenser. The embodiment of FIG. 7 torches from the bottom up are more reliable in case of insufficient thoroughness of grinding.

FIG. 1 explains the burning of dust, anthracite and gum in the Lancashire boiler. Here, also, as in the cases described above, two options are shown for supplying the pyti into the chamber without heating from the bottom through the tube, or with no jjorpeeoiM from the top through the chamber through the pipe 7, and in both cases the torch turns from the bottom upwards and, consequently, larger (flying away from the walls of the chamber with a rebound) particles of grinding. At the same time, for more reliable ignition of the fire. part of the flame tube is also lined with refractory bricks 7. Air tube 2 or other KIOH structures, the heating surface can also serve as a condenser — for low-melting slags; it is fixed to the bottom of the flame tube and is better protected from burning, due to the fly ash deposited on it.

FIG. 9 illustrates the implementation of the proposed invention by a variant of heating, pulverizing a dust stream of air by using an air mixture with a gas sucked in by this air from the furnace. Here, compressed air from a fan or compressor goes through pipe 3 to nozzle 4. Nozzle 4 sucks gas from a duct through channel or pipe 7 and, mixing it with air in nozzle 4, pumps directly, as in FIG. 9, or through a pipe at an angle to the dust-like nozzle in such a way that the stream of dust, as in the cases described above, intersects at an angle with a hot stream of air and gas in one or another proportion. In this case, a hot gas jet, cutting off the dust jet at an angle, can be sucked in and pumped by any means, such as: an air or steam siphon, a direct and indirect ventilator, a gas pump, gas emitted from an engine cylinder, and so on. .

LREDME-T PATENT.

1. A method of burning pgleid fuel in a free camphor, characterized by the fact that

With a conventional supply of coal dust through a tube / nozzle 4, air was blown through the second tube 2 with a nozzle 5 located at an angle to the nozzle 4 close to 90 and serving to deflect the flame from the shortest one, according to the pull, ways to achieve better fuel combustion.

2. Alteration of the method described in claim 1, characterized in that tube 2, generating air (figs. 1, 2), or tube 7 delivering fuel (figs. 3, 8), is flushed with a flame. x pedogra va their contents.

3. Variation of the method described in paragraph 1, characterized by the placement of tubes 2 at the hearth of the combustion chamber (Fig. 3), in order to form a condenser for low-melting slags released during combustion with fuel.

- 4. Modification of O1hara1 methodized in § 1, characterized in that the air entering through the nozzle 5 (Fig. 9) sucks in some of the combustion products, for which purpose the vault 5 is applied.

Tipo-lithographs “Krashly Pechlnik, Leningrad, International, 75.