SU29582A1 - Wooden shield for walls, ceilings, etc. - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a wooden board for arranging walls, ceilings, etc., consisting of binding with dowels on the inner side, taken by boards inserted into these dowels. In the proposed wooden board of the board, the fence consists of wedge-shaped planks inserted and slid over each other.

In FIG. 1 depicts a wooden shield in general; FIG. 2 - the same in vertical section; FIG. 3 - the same in horizontal section; FIG. 4 - the slab; FIG. 5-sawing on shingles; FIG. b-gont.

The outer walls of buildings can be made: from boards completely, from boards with gaps filled when installing boards into place, and in the form of a frame of racks on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd floors, filled with slab or shingle without nails.

The exterior wall panels consist of two vertical side racks, a bottom cushion and a foreman 7, with the racks being made with dowels to pick up a slab or shingle; their dimensions: thickness 50 or 60 mm, width 200 or 220 mm, but even with a rack width of 200 mm, a sufficient gap is obtained

282

(120 mm} for backfilling two shields. Bottom cushion of the same size, but with one dowel on the underside for mounting them on the tongue.

An apex has a width equal only to the distance between the dowels in order to thereby enable the shielding of shields from above and, if necessary (after shrinking and sedimentation), be supplemented by that even after the entire assembly of the building; There is also a tongue in the crown for mating with the top lashing ridge.

In order not to tear up the shield pillars with a fence or against any other efforts, in the middle of the shield height, a side fight 3 is placed, which binds the shield and is reinforced with wooden nuggets with side posts. At the corners, the shield is firmly knit together, with the production of wooden dowels. After making the binding, it is filled with slab or shingle, cut just in size between the posts of the shield in the dowels, where the cuttings are put into the grooves.

The fencing of the inner side of the shield is done so that the sharp edges of the halves of the slab or shingle are located upwards and not downwards, due to which gaps are obtained into which plaster gets into the plaster of the walls and is securely held there.

The fence of the outer side of the shield cannot be made with a double-coded or clean planed shingles (you can even be grooved}, if the wall is plastering, then with a non-planed shingle or slab, as well as from the inside, but a little different, namely: for plastering the solution is better kept on the wall, it is necessary to give it strong points, which are the places taken as the inner side of the shield, the rest is overlapped to divert water or even damp, which may accidentally fall on the wall.

With this arrangement of the outer fence, the dampness cannot fall into the backfill of the shield, but will be intercepted by a fence that drains water from the wall; at the same time, the plaster will hold very reliably.

It is very easy to make windows and doors between the blind shields, taking them only to the desired height.

Alternatively, the walls consist of a frame, the latter having racks on one, two or three floors, the same cross-section (in shape), as well as lateral racks of shields.

The frame posts are installed at a strictly defined distance, after which the frame begins to be filled with croaks of slabs or shingle, inserted with the ends into the sheet dowels.

The principle of laying is the same as in the shield walls.

Internal walls or partitions are made according to the same principle and construction as external walls, i.e. they can only be assembled from shields alone, or from shields with spans that are picked up additionally, or, finally, simply from racks with dowels into which croaks of slabs or shingle are inserted.

The thickness of the partitions is not less than 12 cm, with a gap of about 5 cm between the two fences to absorb sound conductivity and heat resistance, covered with sawdust or other similar aggregates; basically the same design. partitions resemble exterior walls, only in smaller sizes.

Ceilings and black floors consist of ceiling beams, 0.8–1.0 m from each other; at their lower edges, on both sides, there are dowels into which crocks or shingles are inserted without nails, according to the wall fence principle.

The ceilings can also be plastered directly, without upholstering with shingles, which greatly facilitates the finishing of houses and guarantees a proper plaster. If the ceilings are not supposed to be plastered, they can be picked up with shingles.

Ferrous floors can also be slab or slaked; better with slab, which should be dazzled, and then lubrication and backfilling of the underground space is done.

A regular slab, obtained from sawing wood, is from 10 to 15 mm thick, and is length-on-demand. If the width of the slab is more than 100-110 mm, then it must be split in half lengthwise, or sawn, if there is a circular saw.

You can make an artificial slab of black wood (aspen, linden, black elm, alder, birch, etc.) in the form of shingles obtained by sawing logs (manually) or on circular saws, or on trellis cutters (first on plates, then in half) i.e. on quarters, and the last on triangular shingles. For the manufacture of shingles, logs of blackwood or pine are required from 16 to 22 cm thick. Sawing on shingles is done on a simple circular saw with an inclined ruler; but it is possible, if required, to give a special shingle machine of great productivity.

The subject matter of the invention.

A wooden shield for arranging walls, ceilings, etc., consisting of a tie-up with tongues on the inside taken up by boards inserted into these tongues, characterized in that the board is made of wedge-shaped boards inserted overlap each other. section.

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