SU2256A1 - Turbine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention is a special device of the working and guiding wheels of the turbine, whereby the direction of the working medium is not produced by the final elements of the blades, but, on the contrary, by the entire lateral surface of these blades of the fixed crown of the turbine, rotatable relative to their longitudinal ribs. Due to such a device, the working medium deviates almost entirely from its initial direction of flow already in the guide vanes of the fixed crown of the turbine, and the angles of the guide vanes are changed around the longitudinal edges of the guide vanes to fully utilize the energy of the working medium.

FIG. Figure 1 shows an axial section of the left half of the guide and impeller of a water turbine with radial and axial deflection of water; in fig. 2 is a plan of this device without a guide part; in fig. 3 - axial section of the left half of the twin turbine with radial and axial deflection of the working medium; in fig. 4 - axial section of the left half of the guide

and a turbine wheel with full axial deflection of the working medium in the space of the guide wheel, and in FIG. 5 - the same section of the coupled turbine impeller with full axial deflection of the working medium.

The turbine shown in FIG. 1 and 2, consists of a central impeller with radially oriented blades 2 having an upper diameter D smaller than the diameter D of the lower part of the wheel. The ledge formed by the upper and lower parts of the impeller includes a guide crown with fixed or rotary blades S-. The water entering radially along the guide ring along the guide vanes Si, as shown by arrow A (Fig. 2), is divided into two streams, of which the part going to the R impeller (as shown by arrow /) forms a turbine crown with the radial direction of the working medium, the other part, going in along with the R impeller (as shown by arrows 2), forms a turbine crown with the axial direction of the working medium. Thus, the working medium arriving along the guide rim in the space R undergoes

the total deviation is already in the guide space, while the deviation of water in the space f is insignificant. In order to allow water to flow in the manner described, the blades of the stationary rim are arranged in such a way that not only their output ribs, ... are surrounded by adjacent parts 1, e ... of the impeller ribs, but also the longitudinal ribs yo The "2 ... blades of the guide part are surrounded by parts of the incoming ribs e, 2 of the rotating wheels. Due to this, the transfer of water energy to the surfaces of the blades occurs in two different directions, i.e. in radial and axial directions.

In order to increase the amount of water flowing per unit time through the impeller, this wheel is made dual (Fig. 3), i.e. The blades of the fixed guide ring are covered by the blades of the impeller on three sides, forming two radixes R, -, R with the radial direction of the working medium (as shown by arrows /, Fig. 3) and two axes and with the axial direction of the working medium (as shown arrows 2 and 3, fig. 3).

If all the water is passed through the turbine, the mass of water must be completely deflected in the axial direction, then the guide crown with blades S (Fig. 4) is brought to the axis of the impeller, in which only the worker with R remains. The crown moves in the directions indicated by arrows 2, and in the stationary part of the turbine undergoes a complete change of direction from radial to axial and transfers energy to the blades 5 of the impeller. In order to fulfill this condition, the guiding ribs a ,, and the fixed crown must be surrounded by the input

the ribs 2, 2 of the impeller face at the edges a, a ... (Fig. 4).

A further increase in per unit time of the amount of working medium through the turbine can be achieved by double twin turbines (Fig. 5), in which the fixed crown blades 5i, entering in the radial direction between the blades S, 2 of the impeller, are covered by the last blades on both sides, image of the blades sa ca R and with the axial direction of the working medium, as shown by arrows 2 and 5 (Fig. 5).

SUBJECT PA TENT A.

1. A turbine, characterized with the use of a radial guide crown with fixed or pivoting blades j jutting into the turbine crown (Figs. 1 and 2), is equipped with blades S, the parts of which, located in a continuity, form a turbine crown that passes the working medium in the radial direction, the parts equal in the cross section of R form the turbine crown allowing the working medium to pass in the axial direction.

2. Variation of the turbine described in paragraph 1, characterized by the use of two turbos of the turbine crowns located in R, R, RS (FIG. 3), transmitting the working medium both in the axial direction (in R and R) and in the radial direction (in .

3. Variation described in paragraph 1 of the turbine, characterized by the use of only one CA Rg (Fig. 4), enclosing the blades S of the turbine crowns, passing the working medium only in the axial direction.

4. Variation described in p. 3 of the turbine, characterized by the use of an additional Ca Rg (Fig. 5), enclosing the blades 2 of the turbine crowns, passing the working medium also only in the axial direction.

Tipo-lithograph Red Pechatnik, Leningrad, International, 75.

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